XVI Reunión de la red europea de investigadores en palmeras (EUNOPS)

EUNOPS (European Network of Palm Scientists) es una red europea de investigadores con un amplio espectro de intereses de investigación en las palmeras en general, y que celebran todos los años una reunión durante un periodo de 2-3 días. La red, creada en 2001, existe para facilitar el intercambio de información sobre la investigación y conservación respecto a las palmeras y palmerales, promoviendo la integración y la colaboración en este campo de la Botánica dentro de Europ

Introducción de la marca Pandora en el Ecuador

In the following study we can observe a prestigious and really big company called Pandora. This company gives franchise to many people around the world. This company is already in 70 countries worldwide and it has an actual income of over one billion dollars. We can see that Pandora has a great business model that brings benefits if we want to have this franchise in Ecuador. Also we can see how external forces may affect and at the same time benefit when handling a franchise like Pandora. In Ecuador we have bigger and more difficult external forces compared to other countries around the world, this will make much more difficult the establishment of the company in this country. The most difficult challenge can Pandora experience while trying to have a good business on Ecuador is the process of importing thing to Ecuador, because of such harsh laws and taxes.En el siguiente estudio se puede ver como una empresa de gran prestigio y tamaño llamada Pandora brinda sus franquicias a personas de todo el mundo. Esta es una empresa que está en más de 70 países y tiene ingresos anuales de más de un billón de dólares. Por lo que podemos aprender de su modelo de negocio y que beneficios este nos puede traer si es que alguien adquiere en Ecuador. Así mismo se puede ver como fuerzas externas pueden afectar y también beneficiar al momento de manejar una franquicia como lo es Pandora. En el Ecuador se encuentran mayores fuerzas externas a comparación de otros países, por lo cual una franquicia de Pandora tendría mayores retos al momento de entrar en el país como importación

Tensor Analysis and Fusion of Multimodal Brain Images

Current high-throughput data acquisition technologies probe dynamical systems with different imaging modalities, generating massive data sets at different spatial and temporal resolutions posing challenging problems in multimodal data fusion. A case in point is the attempt to parse out the brain structures and networks that underpin human cognitive processes by analysis of different neuroimaging modalities (functional MRI, EEG, NIRS etc.). We emphasize that the multimodal, multi-scale nature of neuroimaging data is well reflected by a multi-way (tensor) structure where the underlying processes can be summarized by a relatively small number of components or "atoms". We introduce Markov-Penrose diagrams - an integration of Bayesian DAG and tensor network notation in order to analyze these models. These diagrams not only clarify matrix and tensor EEG and fMRI time/frequency analysis and inverse problems, but also help understand multimodal fusion via Multiway Partial Least Squares and Coupled Matrix-Tensor Factorization. We show here, for the first time, that Granger causal analysis of brain networks is a tensor regression problem, thus allowing the atomic decomposition of brain networks. Analysis of EEG and fMRI recordings shows the potential of the methods and suggests their use in other scientific domains.Comment: 23 pages, 15 figures, submitted to Proceedings of the IEE

Characterization of periodic cavitation in an optical tweezer

Microscopic vapor explosions or cavitation bubbles can be generated periodically in an optical tweezer with a microparticle that partially absorbs at the trapping laser wavelength. In this work we measure the size distribution and the production rate of cavitation bubbles for microparticles with a diameter of 3 $\mu$m using high speed video recording and a fast photodiode. We find that there is a lower bound for the maximum bubble radius $R_{max}\sim 2~\mu$m which can be explained in terms of the microparticle size. More than $94 \%$ of the measured $R_{max}$ are in the range between 2 and 6 $\mu$m, while the same percentage of the measured individual frequencies $f_i$ or production rates are between 10 and 200 Hz. The photodiode signal yields an upper bound for the lifetime of the bubbles, which is at most twice the value predicted by the Rayleigh equation. We also report empirical relations between $R_{max}$, $f_i$ and the bubble lifetimes.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Gene expression rearrangements denoting changes in the biological state

In many situations, the gene expression signature is a unique marker of the biological state. We study the modification of the gene expression distribution function when the biological state of a system experiences a change. This change may be the result of a selective pressure, as in the Long Term Evolution Experiment with E. Coli populations, or the progression to Alzheimer disease in aged brains, or the progression from a normal tissue to the cancer state. The first two cases seem to belong to a class of transitions, where the initial and final states are relatively close to each other, and the distribution function for the differential expressions is short ranged, with a tail of only a few dozens of strongly varying genes. In the latter case, cancer, the initial and final states are far apart and separated by a low-fitness barrier. The distribution function shows a very heavy tail, with thousands of silenced and over-expressed genes. We characterize the biological states by means of their principal component representations, and the expression distribution functions by their maximal and minimal differential expression values and the exponents of the Pareto laws describing the tails

La fisuración discreta: una alternativa a los modelos análisis no-lineal de estructuras de hormigón

En este trabajo se presenta un modelo de elementos finitos con fisuración discreta para el análisis no lineal de estructuras planas de hormigón cargadas en su plano. Mediante la utilización de cinco tipos de elementos finitos diferentes se incluyen en el análisis, no sólo el comportamiento no lineal del acero y el hormigón, sino también los efectos de la adherencia, encajamiento de áridos y pasador de las armaduras que cruzan una fisura. Se ha desarrollado un algoritmo que resuelve de manera automática los problemas derivados de la regeneración de la m d a propios de la técnica de la fisuración discreta. Por último, algunos de los resultados obtenidos con el modelo son comparados con los obtenidos experimentalmente en vigas con roturas por cortante y flexión.This paper presents a discrete-crack finite element model for the nonlinear analysis of concrete structures under plane-stress conditions. The model incorporates five types of finite elements in order to take into account the different mechanisms of stress transmission in concrete structures: concrete and steel finite elements, and special finite elements for the modelling of bond, aggregate interlock and dowel-action. The modifications of the finite element mesh, typical of the discret-crack approach, are carried out using a fully automatic strategy. Finally, the model is applied to the analysis of beams failing in flexure and in shear and the analytical predictions compared with the experimental data.Peer Reviewe

La fisuración discreta: una alternativa a los modelos análisis no-lineal de estructuras de hormigón

En este trabajo se presenta un modelo de elementos finitos con fisuración discreta para el análisis no lineal de estructuras planas de hormigón cargadas en su plano. Mediante la utilización de cinco tipos de elementos finitos diferentes se incluyen en el análisis, no sólo el comportamiento no lineal del acero y el hormigón, sino también los efectos de la adherencia, encajamiento de áridos y pasador de las armaduras que cruzan una fisura. Se ha desarrollado un algoritmo que resuelve de manera automática los problemas derivados de la regeneración de la m d a propios de la técnica de la fisuración discreta. Por último, algunos de los resultados obtenidos con el modelo son comparados con los obtenidos experimentalmente en vigas con roturas por cortante y flexión.This paper presents a discrete-crack finite element model for the nonlinear analysis of concrete structures under plane-stress conditions. The model incorporates five types of finite elements in order to take into account the different mechanisms of stress transmission in concrete structures: concrete and steel finite elements, and special finite elements for the modelling of bond, aggregate interlock and dowel-action. The modifications of the finite element mesh, typical of the discret-crack approach, are carried out using a fully automatic strategy. Finally, the model is applied to the analysis of beams failing in flexure and in shear and the analytical predictions compared with the experimental data.Peer Reviewe