Light Curve Models of Supernovae and X-ray spectra of Supernova Remnants

We compare parameters of well-observed type II SN1999em derived by M.Hamuy and D.Nadyozhin based on Litvinova-Nadyozhin (1985) analytic fits with those found from the simulations with our radiative hydro code Stella. The difference of SN parameters is quite large for the long distance scale. The same code applied to models of SN1993J allows us to estimate systematic errors of extracting foreground extinction toward SN1993J suggested by Clocchiatti et al. (1995). A new implicit two-temperature hydro code code Supremna is introduced which self-consistently takes into account the kinetics of ionization, electron thermal conduction, and radiative losses for predicting X-ray spectra of young supernova remnants such as Tycho and Kepler.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figures, Supernovae as Cosmological Lighthouses, Padua, June 16- 19, 2004, eds. M.Turatto et al., ASP Conference Serie

Peasant social utopia in England in the XIIIth - XIVth centuries

This article presents several aspects of peasants’ social utopia in England in the XIIIth- XIVth centurie

Soliton absorption spectroscopy

We analyze optical soliton propagation in the presence of weak absorption lines with much narrower linewidths as compared to the soliton spectrum width using the novel perturbation analysis technique based on an integral representation in the spectral domain. The stable soliton acquires spectral modulation that follows the associated index of refraction of the absorber. The model can be applied to ordinary soliton propagation and to an absorber inside a passively modelocked laser. In the latter case, a comparison with water vapor absorption in a femtosecond Cr:ZnSe laser yields a very good agreement with experiment. Compared to the conventional absorption measurement in a cell of the same length, the signal is increased by an order of magnitude. The obtained analytical expressions allow further improving of the sensitivity and spectroscopic accuracy making the soliton absorption spectroscopy a promising novel measurement technique.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures

Practice of formation of it-competence of the teacher (the experience of the IMC of the Railway district of Yekaterinburg)

In the article, the authors raise the question of the need for the formation of IT competence of the teacher in the development of the information society. It is noted that the implementation of modern requirements of the professional standard of the teacher is impossible without the formed competence in the field of ITВ статье авторами ставится вопрос о необходимости формирования IT-компетенции педагога в условиях развития информационного общества. Отмечается, что выполнение современных требований профессионального стандарта педагога невозможно без сформированной компетентности в сфер

Improvement of quality of education in the sphere of information technologies on the basis of interaction of school and higher education institution

In this article authors made recommendations about improvement of quality of education in the sphere of information technologies. Author's experience on education improvement of quality is presentedВ данной статье авторами сделаны рекомендации по повышению качества образования в сфере информационных технологий. Представлен авторский опыт работы по повышению качества образовани

Рациональное использование антибиотиков на основе данных их фармакокинетики при пневмонии у детей раннего возраста

Study results of pharmacokinetics of Sizomycine and Amikacin aminoglycozyde antibiotics in infants with severe pneumonia have been shown. It was revealed that the pharmacokinetics of these drugs depends on the patients’ condition severity. A significant individual variability of the antibiotics’ pharmacokinetics was found that requires their individual dosage. The pharmacokinetic variability is due to "patient’s factors". A multiple correlation analysis demonstrated quantitative relationships between pharmacokinetic parameters and such the "patient’s factors" as body weight, leukocytes amount, red blood cells sedimentation rate, hematocrit, creatinine and urea serum concentrations, oxygen and carbon dioxide blood partial pressures. An individual prediction of pharmacokinetic parameters, e.g. a total clearance of creatinine according to the "patient’s factors" is the basis for the initial calculation of the antibiotic individual dose when it is important to determine the optimal dose quickly.Представлены результаты изучения фармакокинетики антибиотиков-аминогликозидов сизомицина и амикацина у детей раннего возраста с тяжелыми формами острой пневмонии. Установлено, что фармакокинетика этих антибиотиков зависит от тяжести состояния больных. Выявлена выраженная индивидуальная вариабельность фармакокинетики сизомицина и амикацина у больных, что диктует необходимость индивидуализации режимов дозирования антибиотиков. Вариабельность фармакокинетики обусловлена "факторами больного". Множественный корреляционный анализ выявил количественные связи между параметрами фармакокинетики и такими "факторами больного", как масса тела, количество лейкоцитов, СОЭ, величина гематокрита, содержание креатинина и мочевины в сыворотке, парциальное давление кислорода и углекислого газа в крови. Прогнозирование индивидуальных значений фармакокинетических параметров, например общего клиренса аминогликозида по "факторам бопьного", является основой для расчета индивидуальной дозы препарата на начальном этапе антибиотикотерапии, когда необходимо быстро определить оптимальную его дозу

Synthesis of high-pure titanium concentrates by the electrolytic method from fluoride melts

The short review of industrial technologies of processing titanium concentrates is spent. Lacks of existing industrial production technologies of the titan are shown. Necessity of working out essentially new fluoride technologies of processing titanium concentrates is proved. The reactions proceeding at fluorination of a rutile concentrate by element fluorine are described, and thermodynamic research of fluorination process with use of the computer program "ASTRA" is executed. It is shown that from the thermodynamic point of view fluorination process has no restrictions. Dependence of change of mass concentration titanium fluoride in products of reaction from process temperature fluorination is investigated and the choice of optimum surplus of element fluorine is proved. The equilibrium structure of products of fluorination process a rutile concentrate is defined at the chosen surplus of fluorine. The basic stages of fluorination process are described and its kinetic features are studied. Factors influencing speed of fluorination process are defined. Temperature influence at kinetics fluorination process is investigated and optimum conditions are chosen. Mathematical processing of results of the executed kinetic researches on the equations is spent: Gistling, "reduced" sphere and Jander. It is shown that for the description fluorination kinetics it is necessary to use the Jander equation. It is established that process is limited by diffusive factors - a supply of a fluorinating reagent to a surface of a firm material. The size of energy of activation of fluorination process is defined. Conditions of carrying out of process in the industrial equipment are discussed

Li+ protects nerve cells against destabilization of Ca2+ homeostasis and delayed death caused by removal of external Na+

AbstractIn experiments with fura-2 loaded cultured rat cerebellar granule cells we have compared the changes in [Ca2+]i homeostasis produced by replacement of external Na+ with the organic cation N-methyl-d-glucamine (NMDG) or Li+. The Na+/NMDG replacement caused an increase in baseline [Ca2+]i and a considerable delay in [Ca2+]i recovery following a glutamate (Glu) pulse in almost all the cells. In contrast Na+/Li+ replacement usually did not change baseline [Ca2+]i and produced only a small (if any) delay in the post-glutamate [Ca2+]i recovery. Previously [Storozhevykh et al. (1998) FEBS Lett. 431, 215–218] we revealed that perturbation of [Ca2+]i homeostasis caused by Na+/NMDG replacement cannot be explained by a reversal of the Na+/Ca2+ exchange but is mainly due to Ca2+ influx through NMDA channels activated by Na+ dependent release of endogenous excitatory amino acids (`reversed Glu uptake'). In the present work we confirmed this conclusion and obtained evidence suggesting that in contrast to NMDG Li+ interferes with the `reversed Glu uptake' triggered by removal of external Na+. Thus it has been shown that the addition of Li+ (20 mM) to a Na+-free NMDGcontaining solution suppressed both the perturbation of [Ca2+]i homeostasis and delayed neuronal death caused by Na+/NMDG replacement. Li+ is also able to abolish the [Ca2+]i response induced by PDC which at high concentrations (>200 μM) is shown to stimulate the release of endogenous Glu. In contrast to Na+/Li+, Na+/NMDG replacement greatly enhances [Ca2+]i increase caused by PDC. Control experiments showed that Na+/Li+ replacement does not decrease the [Ca2+]i response to the Glu pulse. Therefore we concluded that a considerable quantitative difference between the effects of Na+/NMDG and Na+/Li+ replacements on both [Ca2+]i homeostasis and cell viability resulted mainly from the ability of Li+ to attenuate the release of endogenous Glu in response to the removal of external Na+