Some aspects of the wind in the northern area of the depression of Transsylvania

Összefoglalás - A jelen tanulmány az Erdélyi Medence északi részén előforduló talajmenti és magaslati szél egyes vonásait mutatja be. A szél paramétereinek az elemzése 5 meteorológiai állomás (Torda, Kolozsvár, Dézs, Beszterce és Marosvásárhely) és a Kolozsvári Aerológiai Állomás által szolgáltatott, 1961 és 1980 között feljegyzett adatok alapján történt. A szél irányának és sebességének az évi, évszaki és havi középértékeit a talajszinten és az 5 standard izobár szinten számítottuk ki. A felszín morfológiai sajátosságai és ennek a Kárpátok vonulatához viszonyított elhelyezkedése meghatározza a talajmenti szél paramétereinek regionális jellemzőit. A Kárpátok vonulatának a légmozgásra gyakorolt hatása körülbelül 3000 m magasságig érződik, fölötte a nyugati széljárás jellemző. Summary - The study presents some aspects of the ground level and altitudinal wind in the northern area of the Depression of Transsylvania. The analysis of the wind parameters is based on the data provided by 5 meteorological stations (Turda, Cluj-Napoca, Dej, Bistrija and Tárgu-Mure$) and the Cluj-Napoca Aerological Observatory, covering the interval between 1961-1980. The annual, seasonal and monthly average values of the direction and speed of the wind at ground level and at the five standard isobaric levels have been calculated. The regional differences of the wind parameters at ground level are affected by the morphologic peculiarities of the area and by its position in the vicinity of the Carpathian bow. In the altitude the influence of the Carpathians upon the circulation of the air is felt as high as 3000 m. Above this level the western circulation is predominant

Water balance in Căliman Mountains

The water balance from the largest and most expanded volcanic massif in Romania was calculated using the equation developed by M.I. Lvovici in 1974: Xo = Yo + Zo; Xo = So + Wo = So + (Uo + Z o). The assessment of the balance components was based on data from 12 hydrometric stations, four meteorological stations and eight pluviometric stations. The range of years for which the multilingual average values were calculated was 1961-2010. The correlations between the main balance components and the altitude of the relief allowed the identification of the areas where their spatial distribution has similar peculiarities. The spatial distribution of the main components of the water balance was made on altitude intervals and hydrographic basins. For each element of the balance sheet, maps have been prepared, which allowed valuation of the values corresponding to the main river basins in the studied region (Someş, Mureş and Siret)

Classification of water hazard phenomena and processes (hazards) in coastal and oceanic domains. A point of view.

After a brief characterization of the two components of coastal and oceanic risk, the criteria and objectives pursued in the oceanographic hazard classification are dealt with. In this respect, the criteria used in the classification of water risk phenomena and processes in coastal areas (genetic, spatial, temporal, way of manifestation, nature of phenomena and processes, degree of impact, effects and their perception). Based on a number of criteria (genetic, spatial, temporal and way of manifestation), the risk phenomena and processes in the two domains were classified into dynamic (from oceanic liquid water), mechanical (abrasion and aggradation) and interference (physical, chemical and mixed)

WATER INTERFERENCES IN THE APUSENI MOUNTAINS

Water interferences in the area of the Apuseni Mountains. In the first part of the paper are presented the general attributes of water interferences and the location of studied area that has been analyzed. Then were identified, analyzed and detailed localized, depending on their nature (physical, chemical and mechanical) phenomena and processes underlying this category of water hazards. Regionalization of interference phenomena and processes can be based on several criteria (duration, intensity, frequency and number of water interferences determined in the researched area). Based on the latter criterion we have stated several areas, defined by the number of water interferences. Finally, we have identified four different regions, defined by the number of water interferences, (high, medium and minimum), which will determine the character of water hazard: complex, intermediate and low

THE FLOOD WAVES ANALYSIS AT TURULUNG GAUGING STATION ON TUR RIVER

The flood waves analysis at Turulung hydrometric station on Tur River. The analysis of the flood waves has been done using the data recorded for a period of 18 years, between 1979 and 1996. Thus, in each year, two of the largest floods have been evaluated, in order to obtain several characteristics such as the maximum discharge values, the increasing and decreasing time and also the frequency of occurrence during different seasons. A particular analysis has been made in respect with the defence levels at the hydrometric station and the maximum discharge values

THE FLOOD WAVES ANALYSIS AT PĂŞUNEA MARE GAUGING STATION ON TALNA RIVER (TUR BASIN)

The analysis of the flood waves has been done using the data recorded for a period of 25 years, between 1979 and 2004. Thus, in each year, two of the largest floods have been evaluated, in order to obtain several characteristics such as the maximum discharge values, the increasing and decreasing time and also the frequency of occurrence during different seasons. A particular analysis has been made in respect with the defence levels at the hydrometric station and the maximum discharge values. The study also analyses the volumes of water translated through the river bed during those major flooding events

PHREATIC WATERS POLLUTION IN THE SOMEŞ PLAIN

The pollution of underground waters may determine restrictions in the water supplying of the inhabitants. In the Someş Plain, the three analyzed underground water bodies are characterized from a chemical point of view, being situated in the bicarbonate – calcic class, with various subclasses. In this study were used environment reports issued by the Counties Agencies for Environment Protection, respectively the Water management plans for Someş – Tisa and Crişuri water basins. The chronological analysis of the events that determined phreatic waters pollution, respectively, cases incidence and exceeding quantity, were made for the period 2002 – 2014, according to the available dat

Suivi par télédétection de la sécheresse de l'année 2000 dans la dépression de la Transylvanie

International audienceThe 2000 drought affected Eastern Europe, especially Romania and Bulgaria. The way that it was experienced in Transylvania was analyzed using two indices: a climatic index calculated with a water balance base and a satelite index called NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). The satelite index is derived from the NOOA - AVHR satelite images. The comparative analysis between the two indices allowed us to investigate the space and time characteristics inside the Carpathian Arch. Both methods, used in France already, proved valid in the Transylvanian Depression offering a perspective for monitoring the drought cycles

SOUTH-WESTERN APUSENI MOUNTAINS SMALL RIVERS SEASONAL HYDROLOGICAL FLOW REGIME

The researched area overlaps the territory belonging to Crişul Alb and Crişul Negru river basins. The study is based on processing and interpretation data from 33 hydrometric stations of which 18 stations control hydrographic basins with surfaces of less than 150 km2. To highlight the seasonal hydrological flow regime, we took into account three time periods (1950-1967, 1950-2009 and 1970-2009). For all rivers the highest flow values appear during springtime, while the smallest contribution to the multiannual average volume is realized in autumn. The time variation of seasonal flow was highlighted by analysis and variation of extreme values coefficients and also by analysing seasonal flow trends that appeared in all three time periods