Mice prenatally exposed to valproic acid do not show autism-related disorders when fed with polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched diets

AbstractDietary supplementations with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) have been explored in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) but their efficiency and potential in ameliorating cardinal symptoms of the disease remain elusive. Here, we compared a n-3 long-chain (LC) PUFA dietary supplementation (n-3 supp) obtained from fatty fish with a n-3 PUFA precursor diet (n-3 bal) obtained from plant oils in the valproic acid (VPA, 450 mg/kg at E12.5) ASD mouse model starting from embryonic life, throughout lactation and until adulthood. Maternal and offspring behaviors were investigated as well as several VPA-induced ASD biological features: cerebellar Purkinje cell (PC) number, inflammatory markers, gut microbiota, and peripheral and brain PUFA composition. Developmental milestones were delayed in the n-3 supp group compared to the n-3 bal group in both sexes. Whatever the diet, VPA-exposed offspring did not show ASD characteristic alterations in social behavior, stereotypies, PC number, or gut microbiota dysbiosis while global activity, gait, peripheral and brain PUFA levels as well as cerebellar TNF-alpha levels were differentially altered by diet and treatment according to sex. The current study provides evidence of beneficial effects of n-3 PUFA based diets, including one without LCPUFAs, on preventing several behavioral and cellular symptoms related to ASD

Ecologising Museums

"The implications around climate change have far-reaching consequences but they can also have far-reaching benefits. The e- publication Ecologising Museums explores how museums and cultural institutions can face the issue not only head-on, but from all angles. To what degree are the core activities of collecting, preserving and presenting in fact attitudes that embody an unsustainable view of the world and the relationship between man and nature?" -- Publisher's website

NF-kappa B genes have a major role in Inflammatory Breast Cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>IBC (Inflammatory Breast cancer) is a rare form of breast cancer with a particular phenotype. New molecular targets are needed to improve the treatment of this rapidly fatal disease. Given the role of NF-κB-related genes in cell proliferation, invasiveness, angiogenesis and inflammation, we postulated that they might be deregulated in IBC.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We measured the mRNA expression levels of 60 NF-κB-related genes by using real-time quantitative RT-PCR in a well-defined series of 35 IBCs, by comparison with 22 stage IIB and III non inflammatory breast cancers. Twenty-four distant metastases of breast cancer served as "poor prognosis" breast tumor controls.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Thirty-five (58%) of the 60 NF-κB-related genes were significantly upregulated in IBC compared with non IBC. The upregulated genes were NF-κB genes (<it>NFKB1</it>, <it>RELA</it>, <it>IKBKG</it>, <it>NFKBIB</it>, <it>NFKB2</it>, <it>REL</it>, <it>CHUK</it>), apoptosis genes (<it>MCL1L</it>, <it>TNFAIP3/A20</it>, <it>GADD45B</it>, <it>FASLG</it>, <it>MCL1S</it>, <it>IER3L</it>, <it>TNFRSF10B/TRAILR2</it>), immune response genes (<it>CD40</it>, <it>CD48</it>, <it>TNFSF11/RANKL</it>, <it>TNFRSF11A/RANK</it>, <it>CCL2/MCP-1</it>, <it>CD40LG</it>, <it>IL15</it>, <it>GBP1</it>), proliferation genes (<it>CCND2</it>, <it>CCND3</it>, <it>CSF1R</it>, <it>CSF1</it>, <it>SOD2</it>), tumor-promoting genes (<it>CXCL12</it>, <it>SELE</it>, <it>TNC</it>, <it>VCAM1</it>, <it>ICAM1</it>, <it>PLAU/UPA</it>) or angiogenesis genes (<it>PTGS2/COX2</it>, <it>CXCL1/GRO1</it>). Only two of these 35 genes (<it>PTGS2/COX2 </it>and <it>CXCL1/GRO1</it>)were also upregulated in breast cancer metastases. We identified a five-gene molecular signature that matched patient outcomes, consisting of <it>IL8 </it>and <it>VEGF </it>plus three NF-κB-unrelated genes that we had previously identified as prognostic markers in the same series of IBC.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The NF-κB pathway appears to play a major role in IBC, possibly contributing to the unusual phenotype and aggressiveness of this form of breast cancer. Some upregulated NF-κB-related genes might serve as novel therapeutic targets in IBC.</p

125,660 specimens of natural history: Re-imagining the practice of collection through Alfred R. Wallace\u27s Malay expedition

In the era of the Anthropocene, the assumed division between nature and culture is radically destabilized. By taking a nineteenth century colonial collection of natu r:al history as a point of departure, the international touring eXhibition 125,660 Specimens of Natural History: Re-imagining the Practice of Collection Through Alfred R. Wallace\u27s Malay Expedition (to premier at Komunitas Salihara, Jakarta, 2015) develops transcuttural artistic and curatorial methodologies as means to rethink tradttional views on collecting geographies, and museological genres in light of contemporary political and environmental issues. In our presentation to the Collecting Geographies conference at the Stedelijk Museum, we will discuss the conceptual framework of the project, including our research on other scientists wor

How on earth? Cartography and curatorial practice in the archipelago

While geologists and stratigraphers debate the scientific merits of the Anthropocene thesis, culture workers remain precariously exposed to experiences of the planetary upheavals characteristic of our all-too-human epoch. If, as Peter Sloterdijk has suggested, our planet of terrestrial globalization has become a world interior of capital, what are the cartographic and curatorial practices that might respond to the ecologies of excess in this world interior

125,660 specimens of natural history: navigating colonial collections in the Anthropocene

In the age of the Anthropocene, the assumed division between nature and culture is radically destabilized. By taking a nineteenth century colonial collection of natural history as our point of departure, the international touring exhibition 125,660 Specimens of Natural History: Re-imagining the Practice of Collection Through Alfred R. Wallace\u27s Malay Expedition (premier at Komunitas Salihara, Jakarta, Indonesia in 2015) develops transcultural artistic and curatorial methodologies as means to rethink traditional views on scientific knowledge production, human-nature interactions, and the future of natural history collections

Intérêt de l'utilisation du microscope opératoire en odontologie

Le microscope opératoire, outil peu fréquemment intégré à l'arsenal thérapeutique des chirurgiens dentistes, semble pourtant procurer une aide au diagnostic et à la pratique dans de nombreux domaines odontologiques. L'endodontie a été la première à en bénéficier, l'utilité du microscope opératoire paraissant évidente notamment pour détecter les entrées canalaires. Cependant l'exercice de l'odontologie restauratrice, de la parodontologie, de la prothèse ou de la pédodontie peut également être facilité voire amélioré grâce à son utilisation. En plus de ses avantages principaux que sont le grossissement et la source lumineuse, le microscope opératoire permet un travail ergonomique et facilite la communication et la pédagogie. A ce jour peu d'études scientifiquement rigoureuses ont été réalisées afin d'apporter la preuve de son efficacité, ce qui contribue peut-être à la méconnaissance de l'intérêt du microscope opératoire en odontologie. Le bénéfice qu'il procure reste intuitif plutôt que basé sur des preuves. Il est à espérer que dans les prochaines années, des études cliniques randomisées et prospectives soient menées afin de déterminer et de quantifier les bénéfices imputables à son utilisation en termes de qualité de traitement.CLERMONT FD-BCIU Odontol. (631132226) / SudocCLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocSudocFranceF

Efficacité du complexe CPP-ACP sur la reminéralisation de l'émail (revue de la littérature)

CLERMONT FD-BCIU Odontol. (631132226) / SudocCLERMONT FD-BCIU-Santé (631132104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Tumor Calcification: A New Response Pattern of Myxoid Liposarcoma to Trabectedin

Introduction: Myxoid/round-cell liposarcoma (MRCL) is a specific histological subtype that accounts for 30-35% of liposarcomas and whose virulence depends on the quantity of round-cells within the tumor. MRCL is associated with specific chromosomal translocations resulting in the formation of CHOP/FUS and CHOP/EWS fusion proteins. A high sensitivity of MRCL to trabectedin was reported. Case Report: We report the case of a 63-year-old woman with a bulky and metastatic MRCL, treated with trabectedin 1.5 mg/m2 as a first-line treatment. She experienced a long-lasting clinical benefit. The patients received 14 cycles of trabectedin and achieved a durable partial response to the metastases and a stable disease of the primary tumor, which is a very favorable safety profile. Also noteworthy is that we have observed a calcification of the primary tumor and the metastasis. The response, which lasted 30 months, led to a symptomatic improvement, associated with an excellent general condition and an absence of pain. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a MRCL treated with trabectedin that resulted in a calcification of the primary tumor and the metastases, associated with an outstandingly long response. This case suggests that trabectedin may represent a feasible first-line therapeutic option for patients with MRCL, with meaningful clinical benefits and an acceptable safety profile