Metali u tragovima u sedimentu iz Morinjskog zaljeva: Povijesni prikaz antropogenih imisija u plitki Jadranski zaljev

Geochemical and sedimentological characteristics, the sediment accumulation rate (by 137Cs dating) and vertical distribution of trace metals (Pb, Cu, Zn) in sediments from Morinje Bay (Central Dalmatia-Croatia) have been studied. The sediment is fine-grained, well-sorted silt throughout the investigated section. The very high average sedimentation rate (4.5 cm in 3 years, or 1.65 g dry sediment/cm2 per year) in Morinje Bay, compared to the nearby coastal areas of the Rogoznica lake and the Krka river estuary, may be a result of high aeolian supply of material from the agricultural field of Donje polje, and influenced by the seasonal input from the rapid streamlet Ribnik draining the surrounding area. Concentrations of most trace metals in the Morinje Bay sediments are in the range typical of unpolluted marine carbonates. However, concentrations of Pb, Cu and Zn, in recent and subrecent (down to 50 years before the present) sediments reflect anthropogenic influences. Leaded gasoline seems to be the principal anthropogenic source of Pb enrichment, while Zn and Cu may be of urban and agricultural origin.Istraživane su geokemijske i sedimentološke značajke sedimenta iz Morinjskog zaljeva (srednja Dalmacija, Hrvatska), te brzina sedimentacije datiranjem izotopom 137Cs i vertikalna raspodjela metala u tragovima (Pb, Cu i Zn). Sediment Morinjskog zaljeva je sitno-zrnati, dobro sortirani mulj, a prosječna brzina sedimentacije je vrlo velika (4,5 cm kroz 3 godine, ili 1,65 g suhog sedimenta/cm2 godišnje) u odnosu na brzinu sedimentacije u obližnjem Rogozničkom jezeru ili estuariju rijeke Krke. Razlog tomu je vjerojatno izraženi eolski donos materijala s poljoprivrednog područja Donje polje, a vjerojatan je i utjecaj sezonski aktivnog potoka Ribnik koji se prihranjuje s područja oko Morinja. Sadržaj ispitivanih teških metala u sedimentu Morinjskog zaljeva odgovara nezagađenim morskim karbonatnim sedimentima, iako koncentracije olova, bakra i cinka u recentnom i subrecentnom dijelu sedimentnog stupca (odgovara vremenskom rasponu od posljednjih 50 godina) odraž avaju antropogeni utjecaj. Uporaba olovnog benzina osnovni je izvor Pb u sedimentu, dok su komunalna djelatnost i poljoprivreda izvor Zn i Cu

Groundwater nitrate sources in alluvial aquifers: Isotope case study in Savinja Valley (Slovenia)

Abstract The chemical status of the shallow alluvial Savinja Valley groundwater body in Slovenia is poor, mainly due to the high concentration of nitrate in groundwater. This case study is therefore oriented in the assessment of groundwater vulnerability to nitrate pollution, as a base for the measure-planning processes. The article describes the use of isotope information of surface water and groundwater for the determination of possible sources of groundwater nitrate pollution. The isotope information of predominant soil and manure/septic waste nitrate origin, associated with other local physical and chemical boundary conditions and land use data, offers an interpretative support in the delineation of nitrate vulnerable zones

Use of Stable Nitrogen Isotope Signatures of Anthropogenic Organic Matter in the Coastal Environment: The Case Study of the Kosirina Bay (Murter Island, Croatia)

In this study stable nitrogen isotope ratios of particulate matter POM, zooplankton and selected biota such as Mytilus galloprovincialis were used to assess the impact of anthropogenically derived organic matter from the untreated domestic sewage, municipal and industrial effluents on the coastal ecosystem of the Kosirina Bay (Murter Island). The differences in δ15N values observed in POM and organisms collected in Kosirina Bay as compared to POM and biota sampled at unaffected sites from the southern part of the Kornati Island and highly impacted Pirovac Bay revealed only a very minor effects of anthropogenic inputs of nutrients and organic matter which is most probably derived from a sewage outfall south of the Tužbina Island

Geochemical characterization and environmental status of Makirina Bay sediments (northern Dalmatia, Republic of Croatia)

This research focuses on determination of the mineralogical composition, geochemical characteristics and evaluationof pollution status of the Makirina Bay sediments. Calculated enrichment factor (EF) values show no enrichment ( Cd > Pb > Ni > Zn > Cu > As. Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis confirmed the PTE distribution depends mainly on thegeogenic mineral components and anthropogenic activities in the areas surrounding the bay. Calculated transfer factor(TF) values from sediment to seagrass Cymodocea nodosa (C. nodosa) were < 1, showing that despite the results of thesequential extraction procedure, PTE transfer from sediment to roots was not effective.</p

Geochemical characteristics and distribution of rare earth elements in makirina bay sediments (n. Dalmatia, Republic of Croatia)

The research focuses on determination of geochemical characteristics and distribution of Rareearth elements (REEs) in Makirina Bay sediments. The overall REEs concentrations in Makirina Bay sediments samplesdetected during study ranged from 123.94 ppm to 188.74 ppm. REEs content showed a gradual increase towardsthe depth of sediments. The average UCC-normalized REEs pattern pointed out negative δCe values and positive δEuvalues, indicating reductive conditions prevailing in Makirina Bay sediments. Calculated enrichment factor values arein the range of natural variability with no addition of different anthropogenic components. According to sequentialextraction procedure results, the studied fractions can be followed from highest to lowest percentage of REEs as: oxidizable&gt; exchangeable &gt; reducible+residual &gt; reducible &gt; water soluble fraction. The calculated transfer factor valuesgenerally confirmed the sequential extraction procedure results. The concentrations of all studied REEs are higherin above-ground than in below-ground biomass of seagrass Cymodocea nodosa

Evolución estacional y decenal de isótopos estables registrada en tobas recientes depositadas en substratos artificiales en el Parque del Monasterio de Piedra (NE España)

Identification of six-month intervals in carbonate deposits formed on tablets installed in several fluvial subenvironments of the Monasterio de Piedra Natural Park, from 1999 to 2009, allowed six-monthly stable-isotope analysis of such records. Slight differences in δ13C and δ18O exist between stromatolites (fast-flowing water areas) and moss-bearing deposits (cascades). Sediment δ13C values did not show clear regular variations through time. A chiefly cyclic pattern of sediment δ18O values reflected the seasonal variations in temperature. The calculated water temperature values were consistent with measured air and water temperature values. The increasing tendency of air temperature is closely reflected by the estimated temperature tendencies. The isotopic results stress the validity of the seasonal variation pattern detected through thickness measures, and underscore the environmental significance of tufas, which accounts for the use of this type of analysis in climate interpretation from ancient tufa recordsLa identificación de intervalos semestrales en depósitos carbonatados formados sobre losetas instaladas en diversos subambientes fluviales del Parque Natural del Monasterio de Piedra, desde 1999 hasta 2009, ha permitido el análisis semestral de isótopos estables de dichos registros. Existen pequeñas diferencias en δ13C y δ18O entre las facies estromatolíticas (áreas de flujo rápido) y las ricas en musgos (cascadas). Los valores de δ13C no muestran variaciones temporales regulares. Los valores de δ18O presentan una pauta cíclica que refleja las variaciones estacionales de temperatura. Los valores calculados de la temperatura estacional del agua son acordes con las temperaturas medidas de aire y agua. La tendencia creciente de la temperatura del aire se refleja en las tendencias de temperatura estimadas. Estos resultados refuerzan la validez del patrón estacional detectado mediante la medida de espesores de los depósitos, y confirman la utilidad de este tipo de análisis en la interpretación climática de tobas antigua