601 research outputs found
Production properties of deuterons, helions and tritons via an analytical nucleon coalescence method in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
We improve a nucleon coalescence model to include the coordinate-momentum
correlation in nucleon joint distributions, and apply it to Pb-Pb collisions at
TeV to study production properties of deuterons (),
helions (He) and tritons (). We give formulas of the coalescence factors
and , and naturally explain their behaviors as functions of the
collision centrality and the transverse momentum per nucleon . We
reproduce the transverse momentum spectra, averaged transverse momenta and
yield rapidity densities of , He and , and find the system effective
radius obtained in the coalescence production of light nuclei behaves similarly
to Hanbury Brown-Twiss interferometry radius. We particularly give expressions
of yield ratios , He, , He, , He,
He and argue their nontrivial behaviors can be used to distinguish
production mechanisms of light nuclei.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, 1 tabl
Optimizing Vehicle Scheduling Based on Variable Timetable by Benders-and-Price Approach
In practice, vehicle scheduling is planned on a variable timetable so that the departure times of trips can be shifted in tolerable ranges, rather than on a fixed timetable, to decrease the required fleet size. This paper investigates the vehicle scheduling problem on a variable timetable with the constraint that each vehicle can perform limited trips. Since the connection-based model is difficult to solve by optimization software for a medium-scale or large-scale instance, a designed path-based model is developed. A Benders-and-Price algorithm by combining the Benders decomposition and column generation is proposed to solve the LP-relaxation of the path-based model, and a bespoke Branch-and-Price is used to obtain the integer solution. Numerical experiments indicate that a variable timetable approach can reduce the required fleet size with a tolerable timetable deviation in comparison with a fixed timetable approach. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is greatly superior to GUROBI in terms of computational efficiency and guarantees the quality of the solution.
Document type: Articl
Primary localized histoplasmosis with lesions restricted to the mouth in a Chinese HIV-negative patient
SummaryHistoplasmosis is a deep mycosis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, which is endemic in many areas of the world but is relatively rare in China. Although the majority of cases present as a mild to moderate flu-like disease requiring only supportive therapy, approximately 1% of patients experience more serious pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease, which can be life-threatening if diagnosis is delayed or the treatment is not initiated rapidly. Definitive diagnosis is usually made by a combination of culture, detection of the organism in tissues, measurement of antibodies, and detection of antigen. We present the case of a 51-year-old patient who presented with histoplasmosis only, with several ulcerated lesions in the oral cavity and without HIV infection, who did not show any detectable signs and symptoms of systemic disease or extra-oral manifestations. Histopathological analysis indicated a chronic inflammatory process with granulomas with yeast-like organisms. Isolation of H. capsulatum and molecular identification provided the definitive diagnosis. Treatment with oral itraconazole led to remission of the oral lesions. This is the first Chinese case report of localized histoplasmosis with lesions restricted to the mouth in an HIV-negative patient
Different Coalescence Sources of Light Nuclei Production in Au-Au Collisions at GeV
We study the production of light nuclei in the coalescence mechanism in Au-Au
collisions at midrapidity at GeV. We derive analytic formulas
of momentum distributions of two bodies, three bodies and four nucleons
coalescing into light nuclei, respectively. We naturally explain the transverse
momentum spectra of the deuteron (), triton (), helium-3 (He) and
helium-4 (He). We reproduce the data of yield rapidity densities and
averaged transverse momenta of , , He and He. We give proportions
of contributions from different coalescence sources for , He and He
in their productions. We find that besides nucleon coalescence,
nucleonnucleus coalescence and nucleusnucleus coalescence may play
requisite roles in light nuclei production in Au-Au collisions at
GeV.Comment: 5 figures, 6 table
Changes of plasma fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) in oral glucose tolerance test and effects of metformin on FGF-21 levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Wstęp: Badanie przeprowadzono w celu ustalenia, czy czynnik wzrostu fibroblastów-21 (FGF-21) uczestniczy w regulacji stężenia glukozy
i czy zastosowanie metforminy u chorych na cukrzycę wpływa na stężenie FGF-21.
Materiał i metody: Do badania włączono 43 osoby, w tym 27 chorych z nowo rozpoznaną cukrzycą typu 2 (nT2DM). U wszystkich przeprowadzono
test doustnego obciążenia 75 g glukozy (OGTT). Próbki krwi pobrano w 0., 60.,120. i 180. minucie testu. Osobom z nT2DM
zaproponowano udział w dalszych badaniach; zastosowano u nich metforminę w dawce 1,0 g/dobę przez tydzień.
Wyniki: Zmiany stężenia FGF-21 w osoczu podczas OGTT zaobserwowano tylko w grupie chorych na nT2DM; w grupie kontrolnej stężenie
FGF-21 pozostało niezmienione. Nie stwierdzono, by stężenia FGF-21 w poszczególnych punktach czasowych różniły się w zależności od płci
badanych (p < 0,05). Zastosowanie metforminy u osób z nT2DM spowodowało istotne zmniejszenie stężeń glukozy i FGF-21 we wszystkich
punktach czasowych OGTT oraz zmniejszenie stężenia insuliny w 60. i 180. minucie, co wskazuje na obniżenie wskaźnika HOMA-IR.
Wnioski: FGF-21 nie uczestniczy w krótkoterminowej regulacji glikemii u ludzi, a zmiany jego stężenia podczas OGTT są opóźnione
w T2DM. Być może FGF-21 bierze udział w metabolizowaniu metforminy, zwiększając wrażliwość na glukozę i insulinę.
(Endokrynol Pol 2013; 64 (3): 220–224)Introduction: The objectives of our study were to investigate whether fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) is involved in short-term
regulation of glucose and the change of FGF-21 after metformin use in diabetic subjects.
Material and methods: 43 subjects were recruited in the study, including 27 new-onset type 2 diabetes patients (nT2DM). A 75 g oral
glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered to them. Blood samples were taken at 0, 60 ,120 and 180 minute of OGTT. nT2DM subjects
were invited for further investigation, metformin was administered in a dose of 1.0 g every day for 1 week.
Results: Plasma FGF-21 changed significantly in the nT2DM group during the OGTT administration but not in the control group. No
gender differences were observed at different time points in FGF-21 levels (p < 0.05). Administration of metformin for nT2DM resulted
in a significant decrease in both glucose and FGF-21 at all OGTT times and in insulin at 60 min and 180 min, indicative of a decrease in
HOMA-IR.
Conclusion: FGF-21 does not seem to be involved in short-term regulation of glycaemia in human subjects, and the change in OGTT
delayed in T2DM. FGF-21 may participate in the processing of metformin, improving glucose and insulin sensitivity.
(Pol J Endocrinol 2013; 64 (3): 220–224
Equivariant Flow Matching with Hybrid Probability Transport
The generation of 3D molecules requires simultaneously deciding the
categorical features~(atom types) and continuous features~(atom coordinates).
Deep generative models, especially Diffusion Models (DMs), have demonstrated
effectiveness in generating feature-rich geometries. However, existing DMs
typically suffer from unstable probability dynamics with inefficient sampling
speed. In this paper, we introduce geometric flow matching, which enjoys the
advantages of both equivariant modeling and stabilized probability dynamics.
More specifically, we propose a hybrid probability path where the coordinates
probability path is regularized by an equivariant optimal transport, and the
information between different modalities is aligned. Experimentally, the
proposed method could consistently achieve better performance on multiple
molecule generation benchmarks with 4.75 speed up of sampling on
average.Comment: NeurIPS 202
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Stable Hydrazone-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks Containing O,N,O'-Chelating Sites for Fe(III) Detection in Water.
Two stable crystalline hydrazone-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs) (Bth-Dha and Bth-Dma) containing functional O,N,O'-chelating sites have been designed and successfully synthesized by the Schiff-base condensation reactions between benzene-1,3,5-tricarbohydrazide (Bth) and 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalaldehyde (Dha) or 2,5-dimethoxyterephthal-aldehyde (Dma), respectively. Bth-Dma exhibits strong fluorescence in the solid state and in an aqueous dispersion, while no fluorescence can be observed for Bth-Dha. Interestingly, the as-synthesized Bth-Dma can be used as a turn-off fluorescence sensor for the Fe(III) ion in aqueous solution with outstanding selectivity and sensitivity. The recognition process can be attributed to the coordination interaction between Fe(III) ion and the O,N,O'-chelating sites in the pore wall of Bth-Dma COF, as verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectroscopy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the rational design of luminescent COF with predesigned O,N,O'-chelating sites as a fluorescence sensor for highly selective and sensitive metal ion detection. This work may pave the way for designing luminescent COF sensors with functional binding sites for detecting specific metal ions
The Genetic Associations and Epistatic Effects of the CCR5 Promoter and CCR2-V64I Polymorphisms on Susceptibility to HIV-1 Infection in a Northern Han Chinese Population
The outcome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection and course to AIDS are variable among individuals. Both chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) and CCR2 gene polymorphisms play essential roles in the susceptibility of HIV-1 infection. To investigate the main and epistatic effects of the CCR5 promoter and CCR2-V64I polymorphisms on HIV-1 infection in the Northern Han Chinese, subjects of 91 HIV-1-infected patients and 91 health controls were recruited. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CCR5 promoter region and CCR2-V64I variants were genotyped. In the single-locus analysis, CCR5 58755-G and CCR5 59653-T alleles were significantly associated with HIV-1 infection (odds ratio [OR]=0.529, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.295-0.948; OR=1.710, 95% CI: 1.039-2.814). After adjustment with age and gender, subjects with the CCR5 59653-CT genotype showed the increased risk of HIV-1 infection compared with those with the wild-type CC genotype (adjusted OR=2.502; 95% CI: 1.332-4.698). No positive association was observed in other SNPs. Haplotype-based association analysis revealed that the haplotype TATGC was associated with the susceptibility to HIV-1 infection (p=0.003). Besides, we found the significant epistatic effects between the CCR5 58755-A/G and CCR5 59029-A/G polymorphisms associated with the lower risk of HIV-1 infection. In addition, we also identified the best three-factor interaction model, including the CCR5 58755-A/G, 59029-A/G, and CCR2-V64I polymorphisms, indicating that there were also strong gene-gene interactions between the CCR5 promoter and CCR2 polymorphisms on the susceptibility of HIV-1 infection. These findings contribute to understanding the genetic mechanism for the susceptibility of HIV-1 infection in Northern Han Chinese
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