INTERNET BANKING IN INDIA: A GLIMPSE OF ITS ADOPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION IN INDIA THROUGH CASE STUDIES

ABSTRACT Electronic banking is an activity that is not new to the banks or its customers in India. Banks have been providing their services to customers electronically for years through software programs. These software programs allowed users personal computer to dial up the bank directly. In the past, however, banks have been very reluctant to provide their customers with banking via the Internet due to security concerns. Today, the scenario in India has changed. The banks now seem to be jumping the bandwagon of Internet banking. Why is there a sudden increase of bank's interests in the Internet? The paper looks at these issues and therefore, has a fourfold objective. Firstly, the paper studies the evolution of modern day banks and the current state of banking in India. Secondly, it looks at the role of Information technology in this technology change. Thirdly, the paper compares the adoption and implementation of Internet banking in India through the case study of two banks. One of the banks under study is the most popular and emerging private bank (i.e. HDFC bank) that has been a front-runner in the adoption of Internet Banking and the other is a nationalized bank (i.e. Punjab National Bank), which is the first amongst the nationalized banks to have begun Internet banking. Fourthly, the paper concludes discussing the problems of Internet Banking thereby pinning hope that Internet Banking shall evolve and within no time shall become the most popular channel of banking in India

Evaluation Metrics for Computer Science Domain Specific Ontology in Semantic Web Based IRSCSD System

Performance and efficiency of web information retrieval is important for knowledge engineers, novice users and for organizations. In semantic web based system, the concept of ontology is used to search results by contextual meaning of input query instead of keyword matching. Ontology is an approximate specification of a domain whereas ontology evaluation is concerned with the degree or rather the distance between this approximate conceptualization and the real world. For this, ontology based information retrieval system for computer science domain is designed which this research calls as the IRSCSD system. This paper considers the evaluation of prototype ontology developed in computer science domain for IRSCSD system and has four- fold objectives. Firstly, paper highlights the high level design of IRSCSD system (Information retrieval system for computer science domain). Secondly, paper discusses the prototype ontology developed for computer science domain taking one of its core subjects. Thirdly, paper focuses on the need for evaluation of ontology and various approaches, metrics which can be used for evaluation of domain specific ontology in computer science. Lastly, implementation will be shown by considering those approaches on prototype ontology along with the data sets used for evaluation

Influence of Cobalt Doping on the Physical Properties of Zn0.9Cd0.1S Nanoparticles

Zn0.9Cd0.1S nanoparticles doped with 0.005–0.24 M cobalt have been prepared by co-precipitation technique in ice bath at 280 K. For the cobalt concentration >0.18 M, XRD pattern shows unidentified phases along with Zn0.9Cd0.1S sphalerite phase. For low cobalt concentration (≤0.05 M) particle size, dXRDis ~3.5 nm, while for high cobalt concentration (>0.05 M) particle size decreases abruptly (~2 nm) as detected by XRD. However, TEM analysis shows the similar particle size (~3.5 nm) irrespective of the cobalt concentration. Local strain in the alloyed nanoparticles with cobalt concentration of 0.18 M increases ~46% in comparison to that of 0.05 M. Direct to indirect energy band-gap transition is obtained when cobalt concentration goes beyond 0.05 M. A red shift in energy band gap is also observed for both the cases. Nanoparticles with low cobalt concentrations were found to have paramagnetic nature with no antiferromagnetic coupling. A negative Curie–Weiss temperature of −75 K with antiferromagnetic coupling was obtained for the high cobalt concentration

Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level.

Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale. Objectives: To report the retinoblastoma stage at diagnosis in patients across the world during a single year, to investigate associations between clinical variables and national income level, and to investigate risk factors for advanced disease at diagnosis. Design, Setting, and Participants: A total of 278 retinoblastoma treatment centers were recruited from June 2017 through December 2018 to participate in a cross-sectional analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed in 2017. Main Outcomes and Measures: Age at presentation, proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, and tumor stage and metastasis. Results: The cohort included 4351 new patients from 153 countries; the median age at diagnosis was 30.5 (interquartile range, 18.3-45.9) months, and 1976 patients (45.4%) were female. Most patients (n = 3685 [84.7%]) were from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Globally, the most common indication for referral was leukocoria (n = 2638 [62.8%]), followed by strabismus (n = 429 [10.2%]) and proptosis (n = 309 [7.4%]). Patients from high-income countries (HICs) were diagnosed at a median age of 14.1 months, with 656 of 666 (98.5%) patients having intraocular retinoblastoma and 2 (0.3%) having metastasis. Patients from low-income countries were diagnosed at a median age of 30.5 months, with 256 of 521 (49.1%) having extraocular retinoblastoma and 94 of 498 (18.9%) having metastasis. Lower national income level was associated with older presentation age, higher proportion of locally advanced disease and distant metastasis, and smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma. Advanced disease at diagnosis was more common in LMICs even after adjusting for age (odds ratio for low-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 17.92 [95% CI, 12.94-24.80], and for lower-middle-income countries vs upper-middle-income countries and HICs, 5.74 [95% CI, 4.30-7.68]). Conclusions and Relevance: This study is estimated to have included more than half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017. Children from LMICs, where the main global retinoblastoma burden lies, presented at an older age with more advanced disease and demonstrated a smaller proportion of familial history of retinoblastoma, likely because many do not reach a childbearing age. Given that retinoblastoma is curable, these data are concerning and mandate intervention at national and international levels. Further studies are needed to investigate factors, other than age at presentation, that may be associated with advanced disease in LMICs

Design and development of semantic web-based system for computer science domain-specific information retrieval

In semantic web-based system, the concept of ontology is used to search results by contextual meaning of input query instead of keyword matching. From the research literature, there seems to be a need for a tool which can provide an easy interface for complex queries in natural language that can retrieve the domain-specific information from the ontology. This research paper proposes an IRSCSD system (Information retrieval system for computer science domain) as a solution. This system offers advanced querying and browsing of structured data with search results automatically aggregated and rendered directly in a consistent user-interface, thus reducing the manual effort of users. So, the main objective of this research is design and development of semantic web-based system for integrating ontology towards domain-specific retrieval support. Methodology followed is a piecemeal research which involves the following stages. First Stage involves the designing of framework for semantic web-based system. Second stage builds the prototype for the framework using Protégé tool. Third Stage deals with the natural language query conversion into SPARQL query language using Python-based QUEPY framework. Fourth Stage involves firing of converted SPARQL queries to the ontology through Apache's Jena API to fetch the results. Lastly, evaluation of the prototype has been done in order to ensure its efficiency and usability. Thus, this research paper throws light on framework development for semantic web-based system that assists in efficient retrieval of domain-specific information, natural language query interpretation into semantic web language, creation of domain-specific ontology and its mapping with related ontology. This research paper also provides approaches and metrics for ontology evaluation on prototype ontology developed to study the performance based on accessibility of required domain-related information

ChildShield: a rating system for assessing privacy and security of internet of toys

The wave of IoT has spread across the toy market providing designers opportunities for bringing innovation into children's play in the form of toys that can adapt, connect and communicate referred to as Internet of Toys (IoToys). Research and media reports have underscored the potential misuse by threat actors for surveillance, theft of children's personal information, opening a covert channel of communication with children and influencing their thoughts and actions. Currently there is a lack of standard labelling system for internet safety of toys that makes it difficult for parents to make the right choice while purchasing. Consumer awareness is critical in this area because of the vulnerability of children, who are the ultimate users. This research identifies the factors affecting privacy and security of IoToys and proposes a methodology for evaluation of toys based on these factors. ChildShield, a privacy and security label, has been recommended as a communication tool between toy manufacturers and consumers

A Study on Penchant for E-Learning

Abstract — E-Learning, in the most basic terms, is utilization of technology to support delivery of education without any restriction on time and place. It can be said that it’s a nonlinear and flexible approach, when viewed with reference to the traditional approach. Traditional way of learning or the classroom learning largely bounds the learner in terms of content and time besides putting restriction on user’s pace of learning. By making excellent use of information and communication technologies, E-Learning offers competent solution to learner, keeping in view one’s environment variables and reader’s own pace and learning power. The learner controls his interactions with the content modules. Of course the efficiency of any E-learning module depends on learner’s attitude towards learning and technology, availability and access to technology and his own technical background. This paper broadly analyzes the desire and openness, of students, to accept E-Learning as platform of providing education in addition to the traditional systems of learning. A combination of such system is called Blended Learning. This research paper has fivefold objective. The paper begins with analysis of students ’ perception of e-learning in higher education. The focus then shifts to students ’ basic internet usage and ease of performing basic computer operations. The next part of study focuses students ’ use of application software. Lastly the paper analyses students’ openness to electronic mode of learning. The study has been conducted through surveys on student enrolled in various graduate and post graduate courses in Chandigarh