The Problem of Realization of Investigator's Authority on Receptionof Samples for Comparative Research

The article examines the problem of realizing the investigator's authority to obtain samples for comparative research in connection with the existence in the criminal procedure legislation of the Russian Federation of a gap in the regulation of the relevant legal relations. The Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, fixing the right of the investigator to obtain samples for comparative research from persons directly related to the committed crime, does not oblige these persons to provide the samples necessary for the conduct of procedural actions. Since obtaining these samples for a comparative study may be essential to establish the relevant circumstances of the crime under investigation, including the involvement (non-involvement) of a particular person in committing it, it is necessary to assign to the above persons the duty to provide such samples.Keywords: investigator's authority, procedural action, samples for comparative research

Induced-Charge Enhancement of the Diffusion Potential in Membranes with Polarizable Nanopores

When a charged membrane separates two salt solutions of different concentrations, a potential difference appears due to interfacial Donnan equilibrium and the diffusion junction. Here, we report a new mechanism for the generation of a membrane potential in polarizable conductive membranes via an induced surface charge. It results from an electric field generated by the diffusion of ions with different mobilities. For uncharged membranes, this effect strongly enhances the diffusion potential and makes it highly sensitive to the ion mobilities ratio, electrolyte concentration, and pore size. Theoretical predictions on the basis of the space-charge model extended to polarizable nanopores fully agree with experimental measurements in KCl and NaCl aqueous solutions. © 2017 American Physical Society

On the origin of membrane potential in membranes with polarizable nanopores

We report a new mechanism for the generation of membrane potential in polarizable nanoporous membranes separating electrolytes with different concentrations. The electric field generated by diffusion of ions with different mobilities induces a non–uniform surface charge, which results in charge separation inside the nanopore. The corresponding Donnan potentials appear at the pore entrance and exit leading to a dramatic enhancement of membrane potential in comparison with an uncharged non–polarizable membrane. At high concentration contrast, the interaction between electric field and uncompensated charge at a low concentration side results in the development of electrokinetic vortices. The theoretical predictions are based on the Space–Charge model, which is extended to nanopores with polarizable conductive surface for the first time. This model is validated against full Navier–Stokes, Nernst–Planck, and Poisson equations, which are solved in a high aspect ratio nanopore connecting two reservoirs. The experimental measurements of membrane potential of dielectric and conductive membranes in KCl and NaCl aqueous solutions confirm the theoretical results. The membranes are prepared from Nafen nanofibers with ∼10nm in diameter and modified by depositing a conductive carbon layer. It is shown theoretically that the membrane potential enhancement becomes greater with decreasing the electrolyte concentration and pore radius. A high sensitivity of membrane potential to the ratio of ion diffusion coefficients is demonstrated. The described phenomenon may find applications in precise determination of ion mobilities, electrochemical and bio–sensing, as well as design of nanofluidic and bioelectronic devices. © 2017 Elsevier B.V

HOLODOMOR NA UKRAINIE, CHARKOWIE I OBWODZIE CHARKOWSKIM. Czy Hołodomor na Ukrainie był ludobójstwem narodu ukraińskiego?

Moja praca dyplomowa została napisana o strasznym wydarzeniu na sowieckiej Ukrainie w latach 1932-1933 - o Hołodomorze. W swojej pracy pisałam o przyczynach i skutkach głodu na Ukrainie. Pisałam o Charkowie, który był wówczas stolicą Ukraińskiej SRR, bo była jedna z najstraszniejszych sytuacji związanych z głodem. Potwierdzam tę informację historią o Aleksandrze Winerbergerze, który w tym czasie był w stanie wykonać wiele zdjęć tamtego głodu w Charkowie. Nie mniej ważne są również informacje naocznych świadków, którzy przeżyli głód w Charkowie i regionie. I na koniec pracy odpowiadam na główne pytanie mojej tezy o ludobójstwie narodu ukraińskiego.My thesis was written about a terrible event in Soviet Ukraine in 1932-1933 - about Holodomor. In my work, I wrote about the causes and consequences of the famine in Ukraine. I wrote about Kharkiv, which was then the capital of the Ukrainian SSR, because there was one of the most terrible situations associated with hunger. I confirm this information with a history about Alexander Winerberger, who at that time was able to take many photographs of that famine in Kharkiv. Also, no less important part is the information of eyewitnesses who survived the famine in Kharkiv and in the region. And at the end of my work, I answer the main question of my thesis about the genocide of the Ukrainian nation

Legal Interest: the Problems of Notion and Correlation with Legal Right and Legal Duty

The article contains the notion of legal interest. The author analyzes the problems of distinguishing legal interest from the subjective legal right and legal duty

Possibilities for the correction of functional disorders of the biliary tract and parasitic infestations in young children using the plant complex Vormil Phyto

Recently, there has been a significant growth in parasitic invasions among young children. At a younger age, parasitic infestations most often occur “under the mask” of gastroenterological pathology. At this age range, according to the domestic and world literature, functional diseases prevail. In May 2016, at the week of American gastroenterology, the Rome criteria IV were adopted. According to the the Rome criteria IV, as well as in the previous editions, it is suggested to prescribe therapy on the basis of the predominant symptom principle, giving preference to so-called complementary and alternative medicine, and, in particular, phytotherapy as additional therapy for the disease, but all also from the standpoint of evidence. The first such combined phytocomplex, which attracted interest from clinical researchers and patients, is Vormil Phyto — a mix of extracts of thirteen plants. The purpose of our research was the improvement of therapeutic approaches to the correction of the combined functional pathology of the biliary tract and parasitic invasion, as well as unassociated pathology of the biliary tract using phytocomplex Vormil Phyto in the main treatment regimens. Sixty children were divided into three groups: the first group with combined functional disorder of the biliary tract and parasitic infestation; the second group with a functional biliary tract disorder, received the phytocomplex Vormil Phyto; the third group with a functional biliary tract disorder, received traditional therapy. In the course of the research, data were obtained that indicate the effectiveness of the phytocomplex Vormil Phyto, which has not only an antihelmintic effect, but also normalizes the kinetics of the biliary tract that improves appetite rapidly and does not induce dyspeptic symptoms at earlier terms

Correction of metabolic disorders in acetonemic syndrome in children with functional disorders of the biliary tract

Background. Acetonemic syndrome (AS) is one of the common pathological conditions in children. The most important part of the therapy for AS is to prevent the metabolic disorders in acetonemic crisis in children. Purpose — to study the effectiveness of Gepargin® in the treatment of children with acetonemic syndrome and to assess the dynamics of clinical and laboratory indicators. Materials and methods. We have analyzed the results of the medical examination and treatment of 40 children aged 3–10 years with AS and functional disorders of the biliary tract. The survey was conducted according to the generally accepted scheme [6]. To determine the level of ketone bodies in urine, a standard laboratory method for determining acetoacetate in urine was used. The degree of ketonuria was recorded from “+” to “++++”. All patients received basic therapy, according to the unified treatment protocols, and Gepargin®. The contents of the vial were diluted in half a glass (100 ml) of drinking water and taken in 3–4 doses during the day. Duration of treatment was 5 days (before arresting the acetonemic crisis). The effectiveness of the therapy was assessed by the dynamics of complaints, state of health, clinical symptoms and laboratory data. Results. During the observation, we noted positive dynamics in the course of acetonemic syndrome. On admission to the hospital, 17 (42.5 %) children had ketonuria “++++”, 15 children (37.5 %) — “+++”, 3 (7.5 %) — “++”, and 5 (12.5 %) — “+”. In the process of Gepargin® treatment, we noted a significant decrease (by 76.5 %) in the number of children with ketonuria “++++”, and by 87 % — with ketonuria “+++”. From the 3rd day of Gepargin® treatment, none of the children had ketonuria. Conclusions. The effectiveness of Gepargin® in the comprehensive therapy of AS in children consisted in the relief of clinical symptoms. This use of this drug is pathogenetically substantiated for the correction of metabolic disorders in ketoacidosis. Gepargin® is well tolerated, it is convenient for the use in children from an early age. The results of this observation suggest using Gepargin® in basic therapy of acetonemic disorders in childhood