7 research outputs found
Fruit composition profile of pepper, tomato and eggplant varieties grown under uniform conditions
[EN] The study of the diversity within and between major Solanaceae crops (pepper, tomato, eggplant) is of interest for the selection and development of balanced diets. We have measured thirty-six major fruit composition traits, encompassing sugars, organic acids, antioxidants and minerals, in a set of 10 accessions per crop for pepper, tomato and eggplant, grown under the same cultivation conditions. The aim was to evaluate the diversity within species and to provide an accurate comparison of fruit composition among species by reducing to a minimum the environmental effect. Pepper, tomato and eggplant had a clearly distinct composition profile. Pepper showed the highest average content in total sugars and organic acids. Fructose and glucose were the major sugar compounds in the three species, although in pepper and tomato sucrose was present only in trace amounts. Citric acid was the major organic acid in pepper and tomato, while in eggplant it was malic acid. Pepper and eggplant had the highest total antioxidant activity. Vitamin C content was much higher in pepper than in tomato and eggplant, while eggplant accumulated high concentrations of chlorogenic acid. Furthermore, eggplant was the species with higher content in most minerals, particularly for K, Mg and Cu, while pepper was the richest in Fe. Due to their complementary nutritional profiles, a combined regular consumption of the three vegetables would supply more than 20% of the Dietary Reference Intake of several of the analysed phytochemicals. The large diversity within each species is of interest for selecting varieties with better nutritional and organoleptic profiles, as well as for breeding new cultivars.This work has been funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 677379 (Linking genetic resources, genomes and phenotypes of Sola-naceous crops; G2PSOL) . Elena RosaMartinez is grateful to the Spanish Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad for a pre-doctoral grant (BES2016077482)Rosa-Martínez, E.; García-Martínez, MD.; Adalid-Martinez, AM.; Pereira-Días, L.; Casanova-Calancha, C.; Soler-Calabuig, E.; Figás-Moreno, MDR.... (2021). Fruit composition profile of pepper, tomato and eggplant varieties grown under uniform conditions. Food Research International. 147:1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110531S11314
Millora genètica de la tomaca "valenciana d'El Perelló" per a resistència al virus del mosaic de la tomaca (Tomato mosaic virus, ToMV)
[CA] La tomaca tradicional valenciana és apreciada per les seues propietats organolèptiques que li atorguen un elevat interès comercial. En concret la tomaca ‘Valenciana d’El Perelló’ és cada vegada més apreciada en les superfícies comercials. Aquesta tomaca presenta diferents trets morfològics, agronòmics i de qualitat que la fan atractiva per al llaurador i per al consumidor. No obstant, de vegades presenta problemes d’uniformitat de producció, així com d’altres característiques importants. D’altra banda, aquesta varietat presenta una elevada susceptibilitat a malalties com la causada pel virus del mosaic de la tomaca (ToMV). Així, una forma molt interessant de potenciar aquest cultiu tan valencià, és obtenir varietats més uniformes així com resistents al ToMV. En aquest treball és du a terme tant un programa de selecció així como un programa de millora genètica de la resistència al ToMV de la tomaca ‘Valenciana d’El Perelló’. Es pretén per una banda augmentar la uniformitat de producció i la presencia de trets característics d’aquesta varietat, a la vegada que s’introgressa el gen Tm22 de resistència al ToMV.[EN] Tomato traditional Valencian is appreciated for its organoleptic
properties that confer a high commercial interest. In particular the tomato
‘Valenciana d’El Perello’ is increasingly appreciated in the stores. This
tomato has different morphological, agronomic and quality traits that make it attractive to the farmer and the consumer. However, sometimes presents problems of uniformity of production, as well as other important features. Moreover, this variety has a high susceptibility to diseases such as caused by the Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV). Thus, a very interesting way of promoting this Valencian crop, is to achieve more uniform and varieties resistant ToMV. In this work is carried out both a program selection as well as a program of genetic improvement of resistance to ToMV of the tomato ‘Valenciana d’El Perello’. It is intended on the one hand to increase production and uniformity of the characteristics of this variety, while incorporating Tm22 resistance gene ToMV.Aquest treball ha sigut financiat per la Cooperativa Valenciana Unió
Protectora d’El Perelló i per el programa d’investigació e innovació
Horizonte 2020 de la Unió Europea a través del contrat No. 634561
(TRADITOM)Figás Moreno, MDR.; Martín Hernández, MDLD.; Casanova Calancha, C.; Soler Calabuig, E.; Prohens Tomás, J.; Soler Aleixandre, S. (2020). Millora genètica de la tomaca "valenciana d'El Perelló" per a resistència al virus del mosaic de la tomaca (Tomato mosaic virus, ToMV). En I Congrés de la Tomaca Valenciana: La Tomaca Valenciana d'El Perelló. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 115-127. https://doi.org/10.4995/TOMAVAL2017.2017.6525OCS11512
Estudi de la distribució de quallat en distintes seleccions masals de la "tomaca valenciana d'El Perelló"
[CA] En els últims anys, ha cobrat importància l'interès pel cultiu de les varietats tradicionals d’hortalisses. No obstant això, aquestes presenten una falta de estudis de caracterització i tipificació. Aquests són imprescindibles per detectar factors que dificulten la seua explotació, així com per emprendre programes de millora de les mateixes per augmentar la seva competitivitat i rendibilitat. En aquest treball s'han caracteritzat 3 poblacions de tomaca ‘Valenciana d’El Perelló’. L'objectiu ha estat obtenir informació fenotípica de rellevància en aquest tipus de tomaca. Aquesta informació està sent molt útil per a la seua millora genètica. Així, hem pogut constatar que les poblacions emprades de tomaca ‘Valenciana d’El Perelló’ es caracteritzen per presentar fruits del tipus “masclet” amb una freqüència elevada i un nivell productiu molt acceptable. La menor productivitat de les seleccions assajades en comparació amb el control comercial pareix ser deguda a una concentració de la producció en els 2-3 primers pomells de la planta; i una caiguda dràstica del quallat en els pomells superiors. No obstant, en el programa de selecció i millora de la tomaca ‘Valenciana d’El Perelló’ que s’està realitzant es disposa de seleccions amb una freqüència de masclets molta elevada y una distribució de quallat molt més uniforme.[EN] In recent years, has taken important interest in the cultivation of
traditional varieties of vegetables. However, these studies show a lack of
characterization and classification. These are essential to identify factors
that hinder their operation, as well as to undertake programs to improve
them to increase their competitiveness and profitability. In this work we
have characterized three populations of ‘Valenciana d’El Perello’ tomato.
The aim has been phenotypic information relevant in this type of tomato.
This information has been very useful for their breeding. Thus, we have
found that the populations used for ‘Valenciana d’El Perello’ tomato are
characterized by fruits such as "Masclet" with a high frequency and very
productive level acceptable. The lower productivity of the teams tested
compared to commercial control seems to be due to a concentration of
production in the first 2-3 Pomells plant; and a drastic fall in mincemeat
Pomells superiors. However, the program of selection and improvement of
the tomato ‘Valenciana d’El Perello’ being made available to teams with a
much higher frequency masclets and distribution of more uniform fruit set.Este treball ha sido financiat por la Cooperativa Valenciana Unió
Protectora d’El Perelló y por el programa de investigación e innovación
Horizonte 2020 de la Unión Europea a través del contrato No. 634561
(TRADITOM)Figás Moreno, MDR.; Martín Hernández, MDLD.; Casanova Calancha, C.; Soler Calabuig, E.; Prohens Tomás, J.; Soler Aleixandre, S. (2020). Estudi de la distribució de quallat en distintes seleccions masals de la "tomaca valenciana d'El Perelló". En I Congrés de la Tomaca Valenciana: La Tomaca Valenciana d'El Perelló. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 73-83. https://doi.org/10.4995/TOMAVAL2017.2017.6523OCS738
Variation for Composition and Quality in a Collection of the Resilient Mediterranean 'de penjar' Long Shelf-Life Tomato Under High and Low N Fertilization Levels
[EN] The 'de penjar' tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a group of local varieties from the Spanish Mediterranean region carrying the alc mutation, which provides long shelf-life. Their evolution under low-input management practices has led to the selection of resilient genotypes to adverse conditions. Here we present the first evaluation on nutritional fruit composition of a collection of 44 varieties of 'de penjar' tomato under two N fertilization levels, provided by doses of manure equivalent to 162 kg N ha(-1) in the high N treatment and 49 kg N ha(-1) in the low N treatment. Twenty-seven fruit composition and quality traits, as well as plant yield and SPAD value, were evaluated. A large variation was observed, with lycopene being the composition trait with the highest relative range of variation (over 4-fold) under both N treatments, and significant differences among varieties were detected for all traits. While yield and most quality traits were not affected by the reduction in N fertilization, fruits from the low N treatment had, on average, higher values for hue (5.9%) and lower for fructose (-11.5%), glucose (-15.8%), and total sweetness index (-12.9%). In addition, lycopene and beta-carotene presented a strongly significant genotype x N input interaction. Local varieties had higher values than commercial varieties for traits related to the ratio of sweetness to acidity and for vitamin C, which reinforces the appreciation for their organoleptic and nutritional quality. Highest-yielding varieties under both conditions displayed wide variation in the composition and quality profiles, which may allow the selection of specific ideotypes with high quality under low N conditions. These results revealed the potential of 'de penjar' varieties as a genetic resource in breeding for low N inputs and improving the organoleptic and nutritional tomato fruit quality.This work has been funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement no. 774244 (Breeding for resilient, efficient and sustainable organic vegetable production; BRESOV), by the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigacion under grant agreement no. PCI2019-103375 (project SOLNUE in the framework of the H2020 call SusCrop-ERA-Net; ID#47), and by Generalitat Valenciana (Conselleria d'Innovacio, Universitats, Ciencia I Societat Digital) under grant agreement no. AICO/2020/042. ER-M is grateful to the Spanish Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad for a pre-doctoral grant (BES-2016-077482).Rosa-Martínez, E.; Adalid-Martinez, AM.; Alvarado, LE.; Burguet-Belda, R.; García-Martínez, MD.; Pereira-Días, L.; Casanova-Calancha, C.... (2021). Variation for Composition and Quality in a Collection of the Resilient Mediterranean 'de penjar' Long Shelf-Life Tomato Under High and Low N Fertilization Levels. Frontiers in Plant Science. 12:1-19. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.6339571191
Genome wide association mapping for agronomic, fruit quality, and root architectural traits in tomato under organic farming conditions
[EN] Background Opportunity and challenges of the agriculture scenario of the next decades will face increasing demand for secure food through approaches able to minimize the input to cultivations. Large panels of tomato varieties represent a valuable resource of traits of interest under sustainable cultivation systems and for genome-wide association studies (GWAS). For mapping loci controlling the variation of agronomic, fruit quality, and root architecture traits, we used a heterogeneous set of 244 traditional and improved tomato accessions grown under organic field trials. Here we report comprehensive phenotyping and GWAS using over 37,300 SNPs obtained through double digest restriction-site associated DNA (dd-RADseq). Results A wide range of phenotypic diversity was observed in the studied collection, with highly significant differences encountered for most traits. A variable level of heritability was observed with values up to 69% for morphological traits while, among agronomic ones, fruit weight showed values above 80%. Genotype by environment analysis highlighted the strongest genotypic effect for aboveground traits compared to root architecture, suggesting that the hypogeal part of tomato plants has been a minor objective for breeding activities. GWAS was performed by a compressed mixed linear model leading to 59 significantly associated loci, allowing the identification of novel genes related to flower and fruit characteristics. Most genomic associations fell into the region surrounding SUN, OVATE, and MYB gene families. Six flower and fruit traits were associated with a single member of the SUN family (SLSUN31) on chromosome 11, in a region involved in the increase of fruit weight, locules number, and fruit fasciation. Furthermore, additional candidate genes for soluble solids content, fruit colour and shape were found near previously reported chromosomal regions, indicating the presence of synergic and multiple linked genes underlying the variation of these traits. Conclusions Results of this study give new hints on the genetic basis of traits in underexplored germplasm grown under organic conditions, providing a framework for the development of markers linked to candidate genes of interest to be used in genomics-assisted breeding in tomato, in particular under low-input and organic cultivation conditions.This research was supported by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation program for funding this research under grant agreement No 774244 (Breeding for Resilient, Efficient and Sustainable Organic Vegetable Production; BRESOV) and by 'RGV-FAO'project funded by the Italian Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Forestry. The funding bodies were not involved in the design of the study, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, and in writing the manuscript.Tripodi, P.; Soler Aleixandre, S.; Campanelli, G.; Díez Niclós, MJTDJ.; Esposito, S.; Sestili, S.; Figás-Moreno, MDR.... (2021). Genome wide association mapping for agronomic, fruit quality, and root architectural traits in tomato under organic farming conditions. BMC Plant Biology. 21(1):1-22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03271-412221
Selection and breeding of tomato for organic conditions
[EN] One of the main aims of the H2020 Framework Programme BRESOV project is the development of tomato materials specifically adapted to organic agriculture. Germplasm of potential interest for organic agriculture was assembled in a core collection (CC; 233 accessions) for pre-breeding, and in a breeding set (BS; 217 accessions) for selection and breeding. Both the CC and BS have been characterized for multiple morphological, agronomic, and quality traits under organic conditions in Italy and Spain. Also, the CC and BS, and a collection of EMS mutants have been characterized for tolerance to drought and high temperature. A wide diversity was found in the materials for most traits. Most of the cultivated tomato materials of the CC and BS were also genotyped using the high-throughput ddRAD sequencing technique revealing a high genetic diversity in the collection and allowing the detection of candidate genes and associations for relevant traits under organic conditions. The screening of BS for several diseases (Phytophthora, Fusarium, TSWV, ToMV) has allowed the identification of new sources of tolerance and resistance. A selected set of materials has been screened both in Italy and in Spain under control, drought and low N fertilization conditions, and resilient materials under these conditions have been identified. Hybrids obtained between selected materials has allowed the identification of promising hybrids heterotic for yield and with high fruit quality. In addition, several backcross programmes have been undertaken in order to introduce resistance to several diseases, and advanced backcrosses with introgressed resistances have been obtained. New intraspecific and interspecific hybrids have been developed and tested as rootstocks. Some of them outperformed control rootstocks commonly used for grafting tomato. The new improved tomato materials specifically selected for organic conditions can have a dramatic impact in the production of organically grown tomato.This research has been funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and
Innovation Programme under grant agreement No. 774244 (BRESOV project).Prohens Tomás, J.; Soler Aleixandre, S.; Tripodi, P.; Campanelli, G.; Sestili, S.; Figás-Moreno, MDR.; Casanova-Calancha, C.... (2022). Selection and breeding of tomato for organic conditions. Acta Horticulturae. 1354:95-103. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2022.1354.1395103135