735 research outputs found
Ibsen’s unfavourable opinions on Poland: ignorance or contempt?
It was only three times that Henrik Ibsen voiced his opinions on Poland: her national character, history, culture and political future; twice in his letters to, respectively, Bj0rstjeme Bjømson of 28 January 1865 and Georg Brandes of 30 September 1888, and once in his poem Abraham Lincolns mord (The Murder of Abraham Lincoln), almost totally unknown in Poland. The opinions were brief and vague, besides, they were private, passed in personal letters. The mention in the poem was connected with bitter remarks regarding contemporary politics and hypocrisy o f the mighty political rulers of the world and false public opinion. Ibsen’s remarks were, in fact, part of his meditations on Norway, Scandinavia, Europe and only in this context were aimed at saying a few words about Poland, a country he never showed any interest in. They were interesting only in connection with his political and historical thinking. His opinions on Poland were far from being favourable but it would be difficult to consider them as malicious or hostile
A certain class of starlike functions
AbstractThis paper presents a new class of functions analytic in the open unit disc, and closely related to the class of starlike functions. Besides being an introduction to this field, it provides an interesting connections defined class with well known classes. The paper deals with several ideas and techniques used in geometric function theory. The order of starlikeness in the class of convex functions of negative order is also considered here
Specyfika komunikatu reklamowego
Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00
Modulation of neutral interstellar He, Ne, O in the heliosphere. Survival probabilities and abundances at IBEX
Direct sampling of neutral interstellar (NIS) atoms by the Interstellar
Boundary Explorer (IBEX) can potentially provide a complementary method for
studying element abundances in the Local Interstellar Cloud and processes in
the heliosphere interface.}{We set the stage for abundance-aimed in-depth
analysis of measurements of NIS He, Ne, and O by IBEX and determine systematic
differences between abundances derived from various calculation methods and
their uncertainties.}{Using a model of ionization rates of the NIS species in
the heliosphere, based on independent measurements of the solar wind and solar
EUV radiation, we develop a time-dependent method of calculating the survival
probabilities of NIS atoms from the termination shock (TS) of the solar wind to
IBEX. With them, we calculate densities of these species along the Earth's
orbit and simulate the fluxes of NIS species as observed by IBEX. We study
pairwise ratios of survival probabilities, densities and fluxes of NIS species
at IBEX to calculate correction factors for inferring the abundances at
TS.}{The analytic method to calculate the survival probabilities gives
acceptable results only for He and Ne during low solar activity. For the
remaining portions of the solar cycle, and at all times for O, a fully time
dependent model should be used. Electron impact ionization is surprisingly
important for NIS O. Interpreting the IBEX observations using the time
dependent model yields the LIC Ne/O abundance of . The uncertainty
is mostly due to uncertainties in the ionization rates and in the NIS gas flow
vector.}{The Ne/He, O/He and Ne/O ratios for survival probabilities, local
densities, and fluxes scaled to TS systematically differ and thus an analysis
based only on survival probabilities or densities is not recommended, except
the Ne/O abundance for observations at low solar activity.Comment: Astronomy & Astrophysics, in press. Language and editing corrections
implemente
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