Repatriating the Buffalo: NAGPRA’s Applicability to Yellowstone Bison Management

The American bison—also known as the buffalo—holds great significance to many Native American people and cultures. Although bison populations have grown since their near destruction in the 19th century, the last remaining wild bison are under threat by the National Park Service’s Yellowstone management plan. Native representatives have had only a limited advisory role in creating the plan, and a number of Native individuals and advocacy groups have spoken out against it. This essay explores the possibility of applying the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act to living animals for the first time, categorizing the bison as “objects of cultural patrimony” in order to facilitate repatriation and shift management authority to tribal representatives

Collaborative National Program for the Development and Performance Testing of Distributed Power Technologies with Emphasis on Combined Heat and Power Applications

A current barrier to public acceptance of distributed generation (DG) and combined heat and power (CHP) technologies is the lack of credible and uniform information regarding system performance. Under a cooperative agreement, the Association of State Energy Research and Technology Transfer Institutions (ASERTTI) and the U.S. Department of Energy have developed four performance testing protocols to provide a uniform basis for comparison of systems. The protocols are for laboratory testing, field testing, long-term monitoring and case studies. They have been reviewed by a Stakeholder Advisory Committee made up of industry, public interest, end-user, and research community representatives. The types of systems covered include small turbines, reciprocating engines (including Stirling Cycle), and microturbines. The protocols are available for public use and the resulting data is publicly available in an online national database and two linked databases with further data from New York State. The protocols are interim pending comments and other feedback from users. Final protocols will be available in 2007. The interim protocols and the national database of operating systems can be accessed at www.dgdata.org. The project has entered Phase 2 in which protocols for fuel cell applications will be developed and the national and New York databases will continue to be maintained and populated

Relação peso-comprimento de duas espécies de peixes da Floresta Nacional de Ipanema, SP, Brasil

The weight-length relationship is an important tool in the studies of fish biology, physiology and ecology, as this relationship is useful for determining weight and biomass, indicating conditions and allowing comparisons between the growth of different populations, in addition, this relationship can also be used to assess the degree of health of species in the environment. The objective of this study was to present unpublished data on the weight-length relationship (LWRs) of the species Hypostomus ancistroides and Corydoras flaveolus. The fish were sampled in the months of January and June 2013 in rivers of the Ipanema National Forest, sub-basin of the Ipanema River, collected through sieves and trawls. 91 individuals were captured, distributed in one order and two families 52 from Hypostomus ancistroides and 39 from Corydoras flaveolus. The results of this study showed that the Hypostomus ancistroides is outside of what is expected for parameter “a” 0.0058 (0.0043-0.0072), and Corydoras flaveolus is outside of what is expected for parameter “b” 3.75 (3.38-4.11), these date consisted of important biological information for freshwater fish, as this relationship justifies the search for mathematical improvement of the indices, as well as standardization of the types of condition factor used in studies with the same species, facilitating comparisons and, consequently, management and conservation actions.La relación peso-longitud es una herramienta importante en los estudios de biología, fisiología y ecología de los peces, ya que esta relación es útil para determinar el peso y la biomasa, indicar condiciones y permitir comparaciones entre el crecimiento de diferentes poblaciones, además, esta relación también puede ser utilizado para evaluar el grado de salud de las especies en el medio ambiente. El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar datos no publicados sobre la relación peso-longitud (LWR) de las especies Hypostomus ancistroides y Corydoras flaveolus. Los peces fueron muestreados en los meses de enero y junio de 2013 en ríos del Bosque Nacional Ipanema, subcuenca del río Ipanema, recolectados a través de tamices y redes de arrastre. Se capturaron 91 individuos, distribuidos en un orden y dos familias, 52 de Hypostomus ancistroides y 39 de Corydoras flaveolus. Los resultados de este estudio mostraron que Hypostomus ancistroides está fuera de lo esperado para el parámetro “a” 0.0058 (0.0043-0.0072), y Corydoras flaveolus está fuera de lo esperado para el parámetro “b” 3.75 (3.38-4.11), estos la fecha consistió en información biológica importante para peces de agua dulce, ya que esta relación justifica la búsqueda de una mejora matemática de los índices, así como la estandarización de los tipos de factores de condición utilizados en estudios con la misma especie, facilitando las comparaciones y, en consecuencia, el manejo y la conservación comportamiento.A relação peso-comprimento é uma importante ferramenta nos estudos de biologia, fisiologia e ecologia de peixes, pois esta relação é útil para determinar o peso e a biomassa, indicando condições e permitindo comparações entre o crescimento de diferentes populações, além disso, esta relação também pode ser utilizada para avaliar o grau de saúde da espécie no ambiente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar dados não publicados sobre a relação peso-comprimento (LWRs) das espécies Hypostomus ancistroides e Corydoras flaveolus. Os peixes foram amostrados nos meses de Janeiro e Junho de 2013 em rios da Floresta Nacional de Ipanema, sub-bacia do rio Ipanema, coletados através de peneiras e rede de arrasto. Foram capturados 91 individuos, distribuidos em uma ordem e duas familias, sendo 52 de Hypostomus ancistroides e 39 de Corydoras flaveolus. Os resultados deste estudo mostraram que Hypostomus ancistroides está fora do que é esperado para o parâmetro “a” 0.0058 (0.0043-0.0072), e Corydoras flaveolus está fora do que é esperado para o parâmetro “b” 3.75 (3.38-4.11), esses dados consistiram em importantes informações biológicas para os peixes de água doce, pois essa relação justifica a busca de aprimoramento matemático dos índices, bem como padronização dos tipos de fator de condição utilizados em estudos com as mesmas espécies, facilitando comparações e, consequentemente, ações de manejo e conservação destas

Relação peso-comprimento para duas espécies de peixes de rios do estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

The study of the weight-length relationship of a fish species can be used to address several aspects that involve the distinction of small taxonomic units, providing basic information for the study of species biology, in addition, this relationship can also be used as quantitative indicator of the degree of health or well-being of the species in the environment. The objective of this study was to present unpublished data on the weight-length relationship (LWRs) for two species of fish. The fish were sampled in the months of January and July 2017 and January 2018 in rivers belonging to the Upper Paraná and Upper Paraguay basin along the MS-163, collected through sieves and trawls. 49 individuals were captured, distributed in two orders and two families, being 31 from Hisonotus francirochai and 18 from Roeboides descalvadensis. The results showed that the two species are within the expected for both parameters (a and b), even with a relatively low sample number. In addition, the data this study contribute with biological information for the species studied in this work.El estudio de la relación peso-longitud de una especie de pez se puede utilizar para abordar varios aspectos que implican la distinción de pequeñas unidades taxonómicas, proporcionando información básica para el estudio de la biología de las especies, además, esta relación también se puede utilizar como indicador cuantitativo del grado de salud o bienestar de las especies en el medio ambiente. El objetivo de este estudio fue presentar datos no publicados sobre la relación peso-longitud (LWR) para dos especies de peces. Los peces fueron muestreados en los meses de enero y julio de 2017 y enero de 2018 en ríos pertenecientes a la cuenca del Alto Paraná y Alto Paraguay a lo largo de la MS-163, recolectados a través de tamices y redes de arrastre. Se capturaron 49 individuos, distribuidos en dos órdenes y dos familias, 31 de Hisonotus francirochai y 18 de Roeboides descalvadensis. Los resultados mostraron que las dos especies están dentro de lo esperado para ambos parámetros (ayb), incluso con un número de muestra relativamente bajo. Además, los datos de este estudio contribuyen con información biológica para las especies estudiadas en este trabajo.O estudo da relação peso-comprimento de uma espécie de peixe pode ser utilizado para abordar diversos aspectos que envolvem a distinção de pequenas unidades taxônomicas, contribuindo com informações básicas para o estudo da biologia das espécies, além disso, esta relação pode ser também usada como indicador quantitavo do grau de saúde ou bem-estar da espécie no ambiente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar dados não publicados sobre a relação peso-comprimento (LWRs) para duas espécies de peixes. Os peixes foram amostrados nos meses de Janeiro e Julho de 2017 e Janeiro de 2018 em rios pertencentes à bacia do Alto Paraná e Alto Paraguai ao longo da MS-163, coletados através de peneiras e rede de arrasto. Foram capturados 49 individuos, distribuidos em duas ordens e duas familias, sendo 31 de Hisonotus francirochai e 18 de Roeboides descalvadensis. Os resultados mostraram que as duas espécies estão dentro do que é esperado para ambos os parâmetros (a e b), mesmo apresentando número amostral relativamente baixo. Além disso, os dados deste estudo contribuem com informações biológicas para as espécies estudadas neste trabalho

On the α−\alpha-decay of deformed actinide nuclei

$\alpha-$decay through a deformed potential barrier produces significant mixing of angular momenta when mapped from the nuclear interior to the outside. Using experimental branching ratios and either semi-classical or coupled-channels transmission matrices, we have found that there is a set of internal amplitudes which are essentially constant for all even--even actinide nuclei. These same amplitudes also give good results for the known anisotropic $\alpha-$particle emission of the favored decays of odd nuclei in the same mass region. PACS numbers: 23.60.+e, 24.10.Eq, 27.90.+bComment: 5 pages, latex (revtex style), 2 embedded postscript figures uuencoded gz-compressed .tar file To appear in Physical Review Letter

Some harvesting system transforming energy wastes of compressed air to electricity

Energy harvesting devices are self-powered systems which are associated with input ambient energy and convert such energy to electrical one. In this study, we focus on input ambient energy deriving from compressed air. Using arbitrary pneumatic machine, the compressed air after work - with its typical parameters as overpressure 6 bar or higher and variable volume flow - is exhausted to atmosphere. This generates energy losses. We have constructed some device which transforms the loss of compressed air energy to electricity. It illustrates the principle of action very well and does not perturb operation of pneumatic machines being source of energy losses

Experimental Method for Characterizing Electrical Steel Sheets in the Normal Direction

This paper proposes an experimental method to characterise magnetic laminations in the direction normal to the sheet plane. The principle, which is based on a static excitation to avoid planar eddy currents, is explained and specific test benches are proposed. Measurements of the flux density are made with a sensor moving in and out of an air-gap. A simple analytical model is derived in order to determine the permeability in the normal direction. The experimental results for grain oriented steel sheets are presented and a comparison is provided with values obtained from literature