Cored Rutherford cables for the GSI fast ramping synchrotron

The new heavy ion synchrotron facility proposed by GSI will have two superconducting magnet rings in the same tunnel, with rigidities of 200 T/spl middot/m and 100 T/spl middot/m. Fast ramp times are needed, which can cause significant problems for the magnets, particularly in the areas of ac loss and field distortion. This paper discusses the 200 T/spl middot/m ring, which will use Cos/spl theta/ magnets based on the RHIC dipole design. We discuss the reasons for choosing Rutherford cable with a resistive core and report loss measurements carried out on cable samples. These measurements are compared with theoretical calculations using measured values of inter-strand resistance. Reasonably good agreement is found, but there are indications of nonuniformity in the adjacent resistance R/sub a/. Using these measured parameters, losses and temperature rise are calculated for a RHIC dipole in the operating cycle of the accelerator. A novel insulation scheme designed to promote efficient cooling is described

Status of a European Standard for the protection of helium cryostats against excessive pressure

The overpressure protection of various types of cryogenic vessels is covered by a number of International Standards. Helium cryostats, however, include additional components such as superconducting magnets and cavities, electrical heaters and control valves with associated piping, which significantly influence the potential risk. At the European Committee for Standardization CEN, a new working group was hence founded as CEN/TC 268/WG6, dealing with ‘Specific helium technology applications’. Its aim is to develop a European Standard for the protection of helium cryostats against excessive pressure that is harmonized with the European Pressure Equipment Directive. It will cover the typical conditions in accidental scenarios in order to harmonize the risk assessment as well as design practices for the pressure relieving systems. We report about the general concept of this new Standard, its structure and content, and the actual status of the project

Eriophyoid mites [Acari; Eriophyoidea] living on ornamental coniferous plants in Poland

The paper presents the descriptions as well as drawings of three species of eriophyid mites found on coniferous plants as new in Poland: Trisetacus juniperinus (Nalepa) from Juniperus procumbens, Eriophyes junipereti Keifer from Juniperus communis L. ‘Hibernica’ and Cecidophyopsis psilaspis (Nalepa) from Taxus baccata L. Additionally, eriophyoid mites collected from Thuja occidentalis and Tsuga canadensis are discussed in this paper.Na podstawie obserwacji prowadzonych w latach 1998-1999 dokonano przeglądu szpecieli występujących na roślinach iglastych z rodzaju Juniperns, Taxus, Thuja i Tsuga. Dla wykrytych po raz pierwszy w Polsce trzech gatunków szpecieli: Trisetacus juniperinus (Nalepa) na Juniperus chinensis ssp. procumbens, Eriophyes junipereti Keifer na Juniperus communis ‘Hibernica’ oraz Cecidophyopsis psilaspis (Nalepa) na Taxus baccata, wykonano pomiary i rysunki. Potwierdzono także występowanie dwóch gatunków szpecieli: Trisetacus cupressi (Keifer) na Thuja occidentalis ‘Bodneri’ i Nalepella tsugae Keifer, 1951 na Tsuga canadensis

L'inquinamento della Laguna di Venezia: studio delle modificazioni chimiche e del popolamento sottobasale dei sedimenti lagunari negli ultimi vent'anni.(Modifications of the Chemical and Biological Benthonic Characteristics in the Sediments of the Venice Lagoon in the last 20 Years)

Boll.Museo Sci.Nat.Venezi

Monitoring and possibilities of controlling nematodes and fruit damaging pests of Rosa spp. with microbial-derived products

Interest in growing roses in Poland is related to the production of cut flowers as ornamentals and of petals and hips for cosmetics or food products. However, recently there has been an increasing number of reports of pest damage on rose plantations. In the case of fruits the damage has been attributed to flies (Rhagoletis alternata) or moths (Cydia tenebrosana), while nematodes have been implicated for growth reduction even on plantations grown under soil-less conditions. Field trials and laboratory experiments to test the possibility of controlling R. alternata larvae or pupae with entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes resulted in a lack of parasitism. On the other hand, the use of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki or Cydia pomonella granulovirus effectively controlled C. tenebrosana. Meloidogyne incognita infestation of roses growing on rock wool substrate was drastically reduced by Arthrobothrys oligospora or abamectin. Factors such as the method of product application or pest susceptibility to the used microbial-based products accounted for the observed differences in efficacy

A comparative evaluation of the consequences of Phytoptus tetratrichus Nalepa (Acari: Eriophyoidea) feeding on the content and tissue distribution of polyphenolic compounds in leaves of different linden taxa

International audienceHere we report a comparative study on the content and tissue distribution of polyphenols in leaves of small-leaved linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) and silver linden (Tilia tomentosa Moench) differentially galled by Phytoptus tetratrichus Nalepa (Acari: Eriophyidae). Data showed that at the beginning of the season (early July): (1) the native level of leaf flavonoids (flavonols, anthocyanins, tannins) varied significantly being higher in T. cordata than in T. tomentosa, (2) eriophyoid mite abundance was markedly lower on leaves of T. cordata with 4-fold higher levels of anthocyanins and 6-fold higher levels of tannins than on leaves of T. tomentosa, (3) in relation to linden taxa and mite/gall density, the content of flavonoids altered differently: in mite-galled leaves of T. cordata both flavonols and tannins accumulated markedly (up to 1% of leaf dry weight), whereas in galled leaves of T. tomentosa the increase of tannins and flavonols was much weaker (up to 0.6% of leaf dry weight), (4) due to P. tetratrichus feeding, the content of anthocyanins in T. cordata leaves decreased, while in T. tomentosa it did not change or it increased, depending on gall density. Results obtained suggest that at the beginning of the season T. cordata is a less suitable host for P. tetratrichus than T. tomentosa due to the relatively high amount of native leaf anthocyanins and tannins. Since the most responsive class of leaf flavonoids to P. tetratrichus feeding were tannins and flavonols, they are proposed as putative factors negatively affecting the performance of P. tetratrichus