Problematic mobile phone consumption among young consumers: policy and research implications

Youth represents a largest segment for both telecom operators and mobile phones manufacturers in Pakistan. However, there is relatively a little research regarding the inappropriate and problematic mobile phone consumption among youth. This paper with the help of extant literature argues that young consumers are generally involved in problematic mobile phone consumption than any other age group. This warrants a thorough research on different aspects of problematic mobile phone consumption patterns among young consumers for better consumer policy making and for their wellbeing. Present article proposes some potential research areas with regards to young mobile phone consumers and provides a few suggestions to protect young consumers from the negative consequences of mobile phone consumption

The role of greulich and pyle method in age estimation from left hand plain x-rays

Objective: To determine whether the Greulich and Pyle (G&P) atlas is applicable to populations of different ethnicity.Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Institute Rehabilitation Medicine during 2017.  Total 100 left hand and wrist radiographs were assessed using GP atlas for age estimation using non-probability consecutive sampling technique.ean Chronological age (CA) and Skeletal age (SA) were calculated for each group and any significant differences between the two were established through two- tailed, paired t-test. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17.Results: Total of 100 patients with left hand and wrist x-rays were included (50 males, 50 females). Analysis showed a strong correlation between Chronological age (CA) and Estimated age (skeletal age) with a p <0.001. The mean difference between chronological age and skeletal age was .31050 years and std. Deviation 1.06866 respectively; p-values < 0.001. However, a strong significant positive correlation (r = .980; p-values, 0.001) was noted between chronological age and skeletal age in both the genders.Conclusion: GP atlas can be used for age estimation to Islamabad Rawalpindi population but would recommend that differences highlighted are to be taken in to consideration for over- and under-aging

Factors Affecting Customers' Adoption of Internet Banking in Pakistan

Unlike many developed countries, internet banking is a new phenomenon for Pakistani consumers as majority of banking customers seems to be fairly unfamiliar with different aspects of this service. This can be due to the diverse educational backgrounds, level of internet access, personal experiences and different socio-cultural backgrounds of customers. The present study looked at various factors influencing adoption of internet banking in Pakistan. The study used survey methodology with a sample of 250 individuals. Results of the research revealed reluctance to change has no significant impact on adoption of internet banking. On other hand access to internet, ease of use and security and privacy are found to be critical factors influencing adoption of internet banking. The results of the present study may facilitate policy makers and bank management to advance electronic banking services in Pakistan in a befitting manner. Lastly, managerial implications, study limitations and future research directions are provided

Exact solutions for unsteady axial Couette flow of a fractional Maxwell fluid due to an accelerated shear

The velocity field and the adequate shear stress corresponding to the flow of a fractional Maxwell fluid (FMF) between two infinite coaxial cylinders, are determined by means of the Laplace and finite Hankel transforms. The motion is produced by the inner cylinder that at time t = 0+ applies a shear stress fta (a ≥ 0) to the fluid. The solutions that have been obtained, presented under series form in terms of the generalized G and R functions, satisfy all imposed initial and boundary conditions. Similar solutions for ordinary Maxwell and Newtonian fluids are obtained as special cases of general solutions. The unsteady solutions corresponding to a = 1, 2, 3, ... can be written as simple or multiple integrals of similar solutions for a = 0 and we extend this for any positive real number a expressing in fractional integration. Furthermore, for a = 0, 1 and 2, the solutions corresponding to Maxwell fluid compared graphically with the solutions obtained in [1–3], earlier by a different technique. For a = 0 and 1 the unsteady motion of a Maxwell fluid, as well as that of a Newtonian fluid ultimately becomes steady and the required time to reach the steady-state is graphically established. Finally a comparison between the motions of FMF and Maxwell fluid is underlined by graphical illustrations

A Tale of the Ticker; Stock Market Capacity Building Hegemony and Temporal Performance in the Emerging Economies

This paper aims to examine stock market with a capacity building perspective for economic growth, focusing on the factors that enhance stock market capitalization in the long term. This study evaluates cross country series data of 26 emerging countries listed at MSCI index, through a period of 2006 to 2019. The data were collected through World Bank, Pakistan Stock Exchange and SECP database. Vector Error correction model and Multiple Regression analysis were applied on data to analyze the impact of assorted factors on stock market capitalization to GDP as a measure of long term capacity. The findings suggest that political stability and corporate tax rate are two important factors that may have significant impact on stock market capitalization to GDP. This research is different from all past researches with respect to methodological, aeon and acclimatization perspective. Capacity building is a relatively new phenomenon adopted from complex adaptive ecosystems and most studies in this area are of theoretical nature. Moreover, the fact that this research has considered not only the long term but also short-term market capitalization perspective, adds to its overall value and originality

Study the effect of metal ion on wool fabric dyeing with tea as natural dye

AbstractAqueous extract of natural dye, tea was dyed on the wool fabric with dark brown for 2% and 5% shade. The tea containing tannins as the main colorant species to produce different shade with different mordant salts. The mordant salts Alum, CuSO4, FeSO4, ZnSO4, Na2SO4, and MgSO4 were used to dye fabric using three different dyeing methods: pre-mordanting, meta-mordanting and post-mordanting. The color of the fabric was investigated on Data Color matching system in terms of K/S and CIE Lab-color difference values. The post-mordanting method gave the great depth of shade of natural dye tea with 2% and 5% shade, it also give good light fastness and wash fastness properties. Copper was found as a good mordant to achieve the best results with transition metal ions effect. Deep shades (K/S=17.50) were obtained for original sample of 5% with color difference ΔE value is 0.17, as compare to 2% original sample of tea of light brown shades (K/S=10.50) with color difference ΔE value is 0.50 under maintained temperature at 85°C for 35min of dyeing

Prevalence of “Persistent Low Grade Morbidities” in a Section of Urban Youth Population

To determine the frequency and pattern of persistent low grade morbidities (PLGMs) in youth and also to identify life style factors which may influence their occurrence. Methods: In this cross-sectional study 200 younger urban people (19-24Y) were inquired by a self designed questionnaire by direct interviewing. Results: Mean age was 21years. Sixty four percent were female, 69% students, 6.5% smokers and 90.5% were unmarried. Distribution of PLGMs found was depressive mood swings(62%), frequent headache (46.5%), pain in lower limbs (44.5%), neck shoulder & back pain (44%) , easy fatiguability (42.5%), difficulty in falling asleep (38%) and epigastric discomfort (28%). More females (64.04%) were found affected. Statistically important co-variations between healthy behaviours and the absence of selected PLGMs (OR=1.01 – 2.09) was seen. Conclusions: Study findings are close to presumptions and are enough to sensitize relevant public health stake holders for needed measures. Clinical studies would help to find the ultimate causes of morbid states in focu

Effective similarity variables for the computations of MHD flow of Williamson nanofluid over a non-linear stretching surface

The present study concerns investigating the two-dimensional Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) boundary layer flow of Williamson nanofluid over a non-linear stretching sheet. The focus of this study is based on the global influence of the non-Newtonian Williamson fluid parameter (λ) rather than the local one that exists in the literature for linear and non-linear stretching cases. The mathematical model of the problem is based on the law of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. The derived partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations by applying an appropriate similarity transformation. The subsequent equations are solved numerically by using the Shooting method. The physical quantities Skin friction coefficient, as well as the Sherwood and Nusselt numbers are computed locally. To validate the implemented shooting method, a comparison is made with the results obtained by Matlab function bvp4c, and good agreement is found. The Prandtl number, Pr, has an increasing impact of 25.14% on the wall temperature gradient. The impact of various physical parameters are presented through graphs and tables

Exact solutions for unsteady axial Couette flow of a fractional Maxwell fluid due to an accelerated shear

Abstract. The velocity field and the adequate shear stress corresponding to the flow of a fractional Maxwell fluid (FMF) between two infinite coaxial cylinders, are determined by means of the Laplace and finite Hankel transforms. The motion is produced by the inner cylinder that at time t = 0 + applies a shear stress f t a (a ≥ 0) to the fluid. The solutions that have been obtained, presented under series form in terms of the generalized G and R functions, satisfy all imposed initial and boundary conditions. Similar solutions for ordinary Maxwell and Newtonian fluids are obtained as special cases of general solutions. The unsteady solutions corresponding to a = 1, 2, 3, . . . can be written as simple or multiple integrals of similar solutions for a = 0 and we extend this for any positive real number a expressing in fractional integration. Furthermore, for a = 0, 1 and 2, the solutions corresponding to Maxwell fluid compared graphically with the solutions obtained i

Epidemiological Data of Neurological Disorders in Pakistan and Neighboring Countries: A Review

Neurological disorders are the impairments of nervous system and are an important and growing cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability. In addition to health costs, those suffering from these conditions are also frequently victimized of stigmatization and discrimination. Stigmatization further minimizes the patients\u27 access to treatment and social activities. These disorders, therefore, require special attention particularly in developing countries where unfortunately, the burden of these disorders remains largely unrecognized. Moreover, the burden imposed by such chronic neurological conditions in general can be expected to be particularly devastating in poor populations. These conditions are emerging as severe public health concerns in the developing countries due to the facts such as unawareness, Illiteracy, large numbers of people who are untreated, and unavailability of inexpensive but effective interventions. Regrettably, reliable population-based data from developing countries including Pakistan on the epidemiology of neurological disorders are extremely limited. Although, some information on epidemiological aspects of neurological diseases are available from some developing countries (Pakistan, Iran, India, Sri Lanka, Saudi Arabia and China) but disease prevalence and pattern are based on geographical, social, cultural, religious, and ethnic factors. In this review, w e critically analyzed data of 209 studies regarding the burden and prevalence of hypertension, depression, Stroke, Alzheimer\u27s disease (AD), epilepsy, and Parkinson\u27s disease (PD) in Pakistan and neighboring countries