14 research outputs found
Impact of single nucleotide polymorphism in chemical metabolizing genes and exposure to wood smoke on risk of cervical cancer in north-indian women
Aim: In the present study, we investigated the hypothesis whether exposure to wood smoke increases the risk of cervical cancer (CC) in North-Indian women who inherit different polymorphic forms of chemical metabolizing genes (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1 and CYP1A1). Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty histologically confirmed CC patients and equal number of cancer-free age and ethnicity matched controls were genotyped for genetic polymorphism in chemical metabolizing genes by using polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The association of the different genotypes and exposure to wood smoke with the risk of CC in North-Indian women was estimated by doing statistical analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Science. Results: It was observed that the variant genotypes of GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1 and CYP1A1 did not significantly increase the risk of CC. However, statistically significant increased risk (odds ratio 3.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.34β9.78; p = 0.008) was observed for women who used wood for cooking and had GSTM1 (null) genotype. Conclusions: The present study suggests that genetic differences in the metabolism of wood smoke carcinogens, particularly by GSTM1, may increase the risk of CC
Impact of IFN-g gene polimorphism on the risk of cervical cancer
Cervical cancer, the second most common malignancy in women worldwide, is almost invariably associated with infection by human papillomavirus (HPV). However, although many women are infected with high-risk types of HPV, only a subset of infected women will ever develop cervical cancer. Several studies suggested that immunological components play a key role in the development of cervical cancer. Interferon gamma (IFN-g) is a cytokine produced by activated T cells and natural killer (NK) cells that enhances cellular immune responses by increasing T-cell cytotoxicity and NK cell activity. Aim: To study single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), T to A, located at the +874 position and measure IFN-g messenger RNA (mRNA) at the tumor site. Methods: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood of 200 patients with cervical cancer and 200 healthy controls. The allele polymorphism at position +874 in the IFN-g gene was studied by ARMS-PCR (Amplification Refractory Mutation System) and measured IFN-g mRNA at the tumor site by means of a semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (sqRT-PCR) assay. Results: It was observed that genotypes AT and AA + AT increase the risk of cervical cancer (OR = 3.3, 95% CI β 2.05β5.2, P β€ 0.001 β OR = 2.9, 95% CI β 1.9β4.6, P β€ 0.001, respectively). In case of passive smokers same genotypes showed highly significant increased risk of cervical cancer (OR = 5.55, 95% CI = 2.77β11.19 β OR = 5.25, 95% CI = 2.77β10, respectively). Thus, the sqRT-PCR reflected the similar level of mRNA expression of IFN-g gene in patients suffering from cervical carcinoma and healthy controls. Conclusion: This is the first study to provide an evidence for effecting of IFN-g gene on the risk of cervical cancer in north Indian population.Π Π°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½
Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° (HPV). Π’Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅, Ρ
ΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ HPV Ρ
Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½ (IFN-Ξ³) ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π’-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
ΠΈ Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠ»Π»Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ (NK), ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²,
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π’-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ NK-ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌ
(SNP), Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ T Π½Π° A Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ +874 ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π ΠΠ, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ IFN-Ξ³, Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΠΠ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ 200 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ 200 Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ»Π»Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌ Π³Π΅Π½Π° IFN-Ξ³ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ +874 ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ARMS-PCR (Amplification Refractory Mutation System).
ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ IFN-Ξ³ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ Π² ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ (sqRT-PCR). Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΡ AT ΠΈ AA + AT ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ (OR =
3,3; 95% CI β 2,05β5,2; P β€ 0,001 β OR = 2,9; 95% CI β 1,9β4,6; P β€ 0,001). Π ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΆΠ΅
Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ (OR = 5,55; 95% CI = 2,77β11,19 β
OR = 5,25; 95% CI = 2,77β10). Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ sqRT-PCR ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π», ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ IFN-Ξ³ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅
Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°
Π³Π΅Π½Π° IFN-Ξ³ Π² ΡΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΈ
DNA Immobilization Chemical Interference due to Aggregates Study by Dip and Drop Approach
In the present manuscript, we report the studies and observations for chemical interference due to aggregates formation during covalent immobilization of thiolated Ξ»-DNA between gold microelectrodes. Dip and Drop approaches were employed to study DNA immobilization using thiolated oligos (oligoA 5β² GGGCGGCGACCT 3β² and oligoB 5β² AGGTCGCCGCCC 3β²). As a result of aggregation, less interference was observed in Dip approach as compared to Drop approach. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) analysis of piranha treated gold surface revealed 47.5% increase in height roughness, contributing in interference by creating active sites. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies ascertain the multitude of adsorption states existing in long strand of DNA on surface. Surface coverage was found to be βΌ 72% (1.35 Γ 1010 molecules/cm2), and βΌ 42% (7.89 Γ 109 molecules/ cm2) in Dip and Drop approach, respectively. Dip approach can be used as a measure to minimize interference due to aggregation
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Not AvailableTraditionally, fish species identification is based on morphological characters, yet, in many cases it is difficult toestablish identity as in the case of seahorses which lack key species-diagnostic morphological features. The spotted oryellow seahorse - Hippocampus kuda has a complex identity and the samples collected from the east and west coasts ofIndia were analyzed for the species identification and phylogenetic relationship, based on partial sequence informationof mitochondrial genes - 16S rRNA and Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I (COI). Estimates of genetic divergence withboth 16S rRNA and COI genes, when compared with the sequence divergence values of H. kuda from other continents(as obtained from NCBI accessions) were sufficient enough to discriminate individuals of the same species from Indianwaters. Pair-wise fST values using AMOVA indicated significant levels of genetic differentiation of H. kuda populationsamong east coast, Kerala and Konkan populations; however, no significant genetic partitioning was observed betweenthe Palk Bay and Gulf of Mannar populations.Not Availabl