EVALUATION OF IN VITRO DISSOLUTION OF BENZNIDAZOLE AND BINARY MIXTURES: SOLID DISPERSIONS WITH HYDROXYPROPYLMETHYLCELLULOSE AND β-CYCLODEXTRIN INCLUSION COMPLEXES

Objective: To increase the solubility/dissolution of benznidazole (BNZ) in water using two systems: solid dispersions (SD) with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexes (IC).Methods: The samples were obtained by physical mixtures (PM), kneading (KN), evaporation (EV) and by spray-dryer (SY) atomization The analysis was based on results of in vitro dissolution and molecular modeling techniques.Results: Molecular modeling showed that BNZ can form β-CD complexes in different ways such as in an aqueous solution or a vacuum. In vitro dissolution showed significant improvement in BNZ solubility in the PM, SD and IC, and also that the β-CD IC promoted better solubility than SD with HPMC.Conclusion: Considering the data obtained, it is possible to consider the technique for the formation of β-CD IC as a more effective technique in promoting the improvement of BNZ solubility compared with getting SD with HPMC which, in turn, may increase the bioavailability of the drug and improve their pharmaceutical potential

Detecting microorganisms producing surface active compounds in mangrove sediments in São Luís, Maranhão

Mangroves are areas of sediment transitions, favoring the cycling of materials associated with high concentration of microorganisms, presenting vulnerability to anthropogenic actions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of microbiota in mangrove sediments of the Anil River, in the city of São Luís, Maranhão. To produce surface active compounds (SACs), samples were collected according to the EMBRAPA methodology by inoculating them in the Bushnell Haas medium, with carbon sources varying at 3% (v/v). From the production obtained, the supernatants of each culture were submitted to E24 analysis, drop spreading, thermal stability/pressure and pH variation. The SAC-producing species were identified using the MALDI-QTOF MS method. The producing species were identified as Serratia marcescens (2), Ochrobactrum spp. (3). E24 values ranged from 33% to 48% yield, with stability increase after autoclaving of 3% to 6% and of 17% for basic pH ranges, demonstrating the feasibility of using regional microorganisms present in mangroves to produce SACs from different carbon sources, as they have good rates of emulsification and stability to the diverse environmental factors

Influência das diferentes infecções maternas no risco de pré-eclâmpsia: revisão integrativa

A pré-eclâmpsia (PE) é uma doença grave relacionada com a gestação, condição que ocorre a partir da vigésima semana apresentando os sintomas de hipertensão e proteinúria. Essa condição é fator mundialmente importante de mortalidade e morbidade materna e perinatal e entre os seus fatores relacionados, diferentes tipos de infecção materna podem estar envolvidos. Avaliar se diferentes tipos de infecção estão relacionados a um maior risco de desenvolvimento de pré-eclâmpsia em mulheres grávidas. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa na base de dados PUBMED utilizando os descritores: “PRE-ECLAMPSIA AND INFECTIONS’’ para artigos publicados entre 2018 e 2024. A prevalência de ITU em mulheres com pré-eclâmpsia é de até 50,4%. A presença de ITU durante a gravidez promove um risco 1,31 vezes maior de pré-eclâmpsia em comparação a mulheres sem infecção, podendo chegar até 7 vezes mais. ISTS também aumentam o risco no desenvolvimento de PE. A pré-eclâmpsia é uma doença multifatorial que apresenta como um dos fatores de risco de relevância a infecção por diferentes tipos de patógenos seja de ITU ou das ISTS

Vaginose bacteriana e repercussões durante a gestação: revisão integrativa

O desbalanço do microbioma vaginal, o aumento de bactérias anaeróbias, principalmente Gardnerella vaginalis e Mycoplasma hominis, podem levar a paciente a apresentar um quadro de vaginose bacteriana. Esse quadro em gestantes pode representar maior risco de desfechos indesejados, como parto prematuro e abortamento. Avaliar as repercussões das vaginoses bacterianas durante a gestação. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa na base de dados PUBMED utilizando os descritores: “VAGINOSIS BACTERIAL AND PREGNANCY’’ para artigos publicados entre 2018 e 2024. A vaginose pode estar presente de 18,6% até 39,6% dos casos de corrimento vaginal. 50% das grávidas com vaginose podem estar assintomáticas durante a gestação. A vaginose está associada a até 4 vezes mais chances de parto prematuro. Bebês nascidos de mãe com vaginose precisam de cuidados mais especializados após o nascimento. A vaginose pode estar relacionada a sintomas como dispareunia, odor desagradável, prurido vulvar e impactar diretamente nos resultados gestacionais. É necessária ainda a realização de estudos mais robustos que abordem medidas que possar impactar diretamente na redução das influências gestacionais da vaginose bacteriana

Organizational factors associated with adherence to low tidal volume ventilation: a secondary analysis of the CHECKLIST-ICU database

Background: Survival benefit from low tidal volume (VT) ventilation (LTVV) has been demonstrated for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and patients not having ARDS could also benefit from this strategy. Organizational factors may play a role on adherence to LTVV. The present study aimed to identify organizational factors with an independent association with adherence to LTVV. Methods: Secondary analysis of the database of a multicenter two-phase study (prospective cohort followed by a cluster-randomized trial) performed in 118 Brazilian intensive care units. Patients under mechanical ventilation at day 2 were included. LTVV was defined as a VT ≤ 8 ml/kg PBW on the second day of ventilation. Data on the type and number of beds of the hospital, teaching status, nursing, respiratory therapists and physician staffing, use of structured checklist, and presence of protocols were tested. A multivariable mixed-effect model was used to assess the association between organizational factors and adherence to LTVV. Results: The study included 5719 patients; 3340 (58%) patients received LTVV. A greater number of hospital beds (absolute difference 7.43% [95% confidence interval 0.61–14.24%]; p = 0.038), use of structured checklist during multidisciplinary rounds (5.10% [0.55–9.81%]; p = 0.030), and presence of at least one nurse per 10 patients during all shifts (17.24% [0.85–33.60%]; p = 0.045) were the only three factors that had an independent association with adherence to LTVV. Conclusions: Number of hospital beds, use of a structured checklist during multidisciplinary rounds, and nurse staffing are organizational factors associated with adherence to LTVV. These findings shed light on organizational factors that may improve ventilation in critically ill patients