Design of solar -powered grass trimmer

Common grass-cutter machines are operated by fuel and electrical energy, which are expensive, and need high maintenance. To keep environment clean and reduce use of fuel a solar powered grass trimmer has been designed in this research work. The purpose of this study is to design and fabricate a solar-powered grass trimmer which is affordable, easy to operate and environment friendly. The grass trimmer uses a 12V, - 100AH battery to power a 12V DC motor of 180W. A solar panel 1 000V system voltage is used to charge the battery. A solar charge controller of 20A is used to control the energy into the battery. The machine uses sheet metal blade to cut the grass. It can run for almost two hours when fully charged and there is no sun. It is easy to tell if the battery is fully charged or flat.Mechanical and Industrial Engineerin

Modeling and Optimizing Automotive Waste Recovery for Optimal Performance

Abstract: It is vital to explore an effective way to capture waste heat from modern automobiles. This research outlines the current methods to harness that excess heat from the exhaust system and a proposal to use a high-efficiency printed-circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) to harness the heat. The research also revealed a unique iteration process that encompasses testing of the exchanger in a closed-loop steam system which would serve as the basis for future experiments. In lieu of experiments, data was collected from peer-reviewed research of other scientists to approximate the effectiveness and efficiency of the system. The following facts were theoretically revealed by the derived model. The theorized heat exchanger was found to have a maximum transfer rate of 510 kW while the maximum heat supplied by the exhaust is around 100 kW. The exchanger is sufficiently designed to capture energy wasted by the engine through the tail pipe. With a mass of 5.169 kg for the exchanger alone and the estimated amount of fluid, turbine, generator, and piping to be no more than 50 kg, the vehicle will experience very little mass increase

Spatiotemporal distribution of zooplankton in relation to some abiotic variables in the waters of the Kribian Atlantic coast (South Cameroon)

International audienceA research to study the zooplanktonic population in relation to some abiotic variables of the Kribian coast waters was conducted from July to December 2020 following a monthly sampling in six (6) selected sites. The physicochemical parameters were determining out using standard methods. Concerning the zooplankton, the water was collected at the surface, in the trophogenic and tropholytic layers, then filtered through a 64 µm plankton sieve and the retentate was fixed with 96% alcohol. Identification and counting were done in the laboratory using a Wild M5 binocular loupe, appropriate keys and works. The physicochemical results showed a very good oxygenation of the waters (91.85 ± 3.87%), basic pH (8.43 ± 0.54 U.C), a low salinity and conductivity of respectively 13.04 ± 3.92 g/L and 23.07±4.23 µS/cm characteristic of the haline domains and a temperature of 28.66 ± 1.35°C. With regard to nutrients, the values recorded showed a progressive enrichment of the water in nitrate (2.2±1.81mg/L) and a low concentration in orthophosphate (0.25±0.41mg/L). the zooplankton community haboured, 54 taxa belonging to 3 major groups (Copepoda, Cladocera, Ciliate) and other Zooplankton, 24 families and 29 genera were recorded. The Copepod group dominated the taxonomic richness with 34 taxa (62.96% of total richness), followed by Tintinidae with 4 taxa (7.4%), Cladocera with 1 marine taxa (1.9%) and 15 taxa for other zooplankton (27.8%). Quantitatively, Copepods were once again the most abundant group in the population, with an average of 78.3% of the total zooplankton abundance. The dominant copepod taxa in terms of abundance were those of the families of: Paracalanidae (mean abundance: 116 ind/L) and Oithonidae (mean abundance: 99ind/L)