Teaching spirituality to Canadian medical students: Students’ perceptions of a spiritual history taking clinical skills session

Implication StatementSpirituality involves one’s sense of purpose, connection with others, and ability to find meaning in life. We implemented a three-year pilot of a spiritual history taking (SHT) clinical skills session. In small groups, medical students discussed and practiced SHT with clinical scenarios and the FICA framework and received preceptor and peer feedback. Post-session focus groups and interviews demonstrated student perceptions of improved comfort, knowledge, and awareness of discussing spirituality with patients. This innovation may support improved clinical skills teaching across other health professions institutions to better prepare students to recognize patients’ spiritual needs and provide more holistic, culturally competent care.Énoncé des implications de la rechercheLa spiritualité touche au sentiment d’avoir une raison d’être, à la relation à l’autre et à la capacité de trouver un sens à la vie1. Nous avons mis en place, comme projet pilote de trois ans, une séance visant l’acquisition de compétences cliniques portant sur l’anamnèse spirituelle (AS). En petits groupes, les étudiants discutaient de l’anamnèse spirituelle et la mettaient en pratique au moyen de scénarios cliniques et du questionnaire d’anamnèse spirituelle FICA2, puis recevaient des commentaires de la part de leur précepteur et de leurs pairs. Les groupes de discussion et les entretiens après les séances ont montré que les étudiants se sentaient mieux informés, plus à l’aise et plus conscients de la nécessité de parler de spiritualité avec les patients. Cette innovation peut contribuer à améliorer l’enseignement des compétences cliniques dans d’autres professions de la santé pour mieux préparer les étudiants à reconnaître les besoins spirituels des patients et à fournir des soins plus holistiques et culturellement adaptés

Human tear proteome dataset in response to daily wear of water gradient contact lens using SWATH-MS approach

Water Gradient Contact Lens (WGCL) is a new generation material that combines the benefits of Silicone hydrogel (SiHy) and traditional hydrogel contact lenses by modifying the materials between the core and the surface. However, its impact on tear proteome has not been explored. Tears were collected on healthy young adults using Schirmer's strip at baseline, 1-week, and 1-month of WGCL lens wear (n=15) and age-matched untouched controls (n=10). Equal amounts of tears samples from individuals of WGCL and control groups were randomly pooled to form representative equal parts at each condition (n=3 for WGCL wear and age-matched untouched control group) at each condition (baseline, 1-week, and 1-month). Tears were prepared using the S-Trap sample preparation followed by the analysis of a TripleTOF 6600 mass spectrometer. Using Information-dependent acquisition (IDA), a total of 725 tear proteins (6760 distinct peptides) were identified in the constructed spectral library at 1% FDR. Using data-independent acquisition (SWATH-MS), data were analyzed and processed using PeakView (v2.2, SCIEX), with the top differentially expressed proteins at each time point (baseline, 1-week, and 1-month) presented. All acquired raw data (IDA and SWATH-MS) were submitted and published on the Peptide Atlas public repository (http://www.peptideatlas.org/) for general release (Data ID PASS01589)

Prenatal tobacco exposure shortens telomere length in children

Introduction: Preliminary evidence suggests a possible association between prenatal tobacco exposure and telomere length in children. This study was conducted to investigate whether maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with telomere shortening in their children and whether prenatal and childhood exposure to environmental tobacco had any impact on this association. Methods: This is a population-representative study on the association between prenatal tobacco exposure and telomere length in children. Ninety-eight Hong Kong Chinese children aged under 15 years with prenatal tobacco exposure and 98 age- and gender-matched controls were recruited from a population health study with stratified random sampling. Results: Telomere length in children with prenatal tobacco exposure was significantly shorter than in those with no exposure (mean T/S ratio = 24.9 [SD = 8.58] in exposed vs. 28.97 [14.15] in control groups; P = 0.02). A negative dose–response relationship was observed between the T/S ratio and tobacco exposure duration: the longer the duration of maternal smoking in pregnancy, the shorter the child’s telomere length. The association between the child’s telomere length and prenatal tobacco exposure remained significant after considering the influence of family socioeconomic status and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke during pregnancy and childhood. Conclusions: Prenatal tobacco exposure was associated with telomere shortening in children. As this may impose significant health impacts through fetal genetic programming, more efforts should be made to reduce fetal tobacco exposure by educating pregnant women to not smoke and motivating smokers to quit in early pregnancy. Implications: As reflected by telomere shortening, prenatal tobacco exposure in children can cause premature aging and increased health risks, which we suggest is entirely preventable. Not smoking during pregnancy or quitting smoking is critical to improving the health outcome of our future generations as prenatal tobacco exposure may affect children’s biological programming