Developments in the Financial Supply Chain and Its Impact on the Economy

Abstract— Although  several  studies  have  explored  the  relationship  between  the  operation  and performance  of  a  supply  chain  (SC),  a  general  SC  model  cannot  deliver  the  expected  financial results at a company-wide level. In this paper, we argue that this cannot guarantee the maximization of a firm’s overall value because short-term financial performance metrics do not reflect the risk to businesses and the invested capita. Information asymmetry determines investors to call for auditors’ services.  Ensuring the reliability of compliance with the requirements of the financial reporting framework based on supply chain management is one of the fundamental factors for ensuring the quality of audit. This paper aims to analyze the influence of the financial reporting framework based on supply chain management on the process of forming the auditor's report. The process of developing financial statements is proceeding along the path of maximum informatization of these statements. Current users requirements are not always met by existing accounting and reporting standards. The capabilities inherent in the fair presentation framework push the boundaries of any standards, allowing the preparer to fill the financial statements with relevant information. Considering the financial statements framework on the part of the auditor, it can be argued that this will have an impact on the audit process. Objectively it consists in obtaining audit evidence and evaluating it. This means that the application of the fair presentation framework by the management of the audited entity will require the auditor to adjust the verification process accordingly, which should address such elements as the quality of audit evidence, the methods of obtaining it, and the auditor's assessment

Deratization Activities in the Jewish Autonomous Region in the Post-Flooding Period

Represented is a quantitative characteristic of the objects and facilities in the Jewish Autonomous Region exposed to the flooding-2013. Justified is the necessity for implementation of preventive measures against increase in the activity of HFRS natural foci; showed are the data on disinfestation organization for the prevention of natural-focal infection during the high water and post-flooding period in 2013. Displayed are the results of deratization efficacy control in various administrative units of the entity, calculated using Abbot formula, as well as results of investigation of small rodent population density at the natural stations and substantiation of the barrier disinfestation carrying out. Specified are the areas of the continuous and barrier disinfestation, indicators of Hanta Virus contamination of the rodents caught while performing control over efficacy of deratization works

miRNAs are essential for the regulation of the PI3K/AKT/FOXO pathway and receptor editing during B cell maturation

B cell development is a tightly regulated process dependent on sequential rearrangements of immunoglobulin loci that encode the antigen receptor. To elucidate the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the orchestration of B cell development, we ablated all miRNAs at the earliest stage of B cell development by conditionally targeting the enzymes critical for RNAi in early B cell precursors. Absence of any one of these enzymes led to a block at the pro- to pre-B cell transition due to increased apoptosis and a failure of pre-B cells to proliferate. Expression of a Bcl2 transgene allowed for partial rescue of B cell development, however, the majority of the rescued B cells had low surface immunoglobulin expression with evidence of ongoing light chain editing. Our analysis revealed that miRNAs are critical for the regulation of the PTEN-AKT-FOXO1 pathway that in turn controls Rag expression during B cell development

Provision for Sanitary Epidemiological Welfare of the Population of the Jewish Autonomous Region during High Water and Post-Flooding Period

Put forward was operational protocol as regards Rospotrebnadzor institutions policies in the territory of the Jewish Autonomous Region for the prevention of epidemiological implications during the post-flooding period in reference to infectious diseases. Carried out were control measures over infection morbidity rate, drinking water quality, disinfection of water supply sources, as well as sewage systems. Actions undertaken made it possible to prevent cluster cases of infectious diseases both in the flooded areas and at the temporal accommodation sites; to provide control over acute intestinal and natural-focal disease incidence, keeping it to the level of long-term average annual indexes; and to supply the population with drinking water of high quality

ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЙ ГЕПАТИТ У ДЕТЕЙ

Among toxic lesions of the liver, an important place belongs to medicinal hepatitis. Among patients with hepatitis, drug disease of the liver occurs in 0.7—1.4% of cases, and in the presence of jaundice — in 5%. A family case of sisters 9 and 4-year-old life development  of acute drug hepatitis caused by ibuprofen in a daily dose of 32 mg / kg (total 3.2 g) and 25 mg / kg (total 2 g), respectively, was demonstrated in siblings. Hepatitis developed after an acute respiratory infection. Weakness, nausea, vomiting, jaundice of the skin and sclera, pruritus, multiple increase in serum transaminases and markers of cholestasis are revealed. Viral hepatitis and some hereditary liver diseases were excluded. The drug lesion of the liver was of a mixed nature: hepatocellular (cytotoxic) and cholestatic. Timely administration of therapy (detoxification, glucocorticosteroids, ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursosan) led to a regression of clinical symptoms of the disease and positive dynamics of laboratory indicators.В группе токсических поражений  печени важное место принадлежит лекарственным гепатитам. Среди пациентов с гепатитом, лекарственная болезнь печени встречается в 0,7—1,4% случаев, а при наличии желтухи  — в 5%. Представленные  данные продемонстрированы описанием семейного случая развития у родных сестер 9,5 и 4,5 лет жизни острого лекарственного гепатита, вызванного ибупрофеном в суточной дозе 32 мг/кг (суммарной 3,2  г) и 25 мг/кг (суммарной 2 г) соответственно. Гепатит развился на фоне реконвалесценции после острой респираторной инфекции. Выявлена слабость, тошнота, рвота, желтушность кожи и склер, кожный зуд, многократное повышение уровня сывороточных трансаминаз и маркеров холестаза. Были исключены вирусные  гепатиты и некоторые наследственные заболевания печени. Лекарственное поражение печени носило смешанный характер: гепатоцеллюлярное (цитотоксическое) и холестатическое. Своевременное назначение терапии (дезинтоксикация, глюкокортикостероиды, урсодезоксихолевая кислота (Урсосан) привело к регрессу клинических симптомов заболевания и положительной динамике лабораторных показателей

Изучение эффективности, безопасности и оценка удовлетворенности ингаляционной терапией препаратом Тобрамицин-Гобби при синегнойной инфекции у детей с муковисцидозом

Study of efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction with inhaled tobramycin (Tobramycin-Gobbi) in children with cystic fibrosis and pseudomonas infectionAim of the study was to assess efficacy and safety of Tobramycin-Gobbi in CF, as well as the patients’ satisfaction with the treatment.Methods. 35 children from 6 to 18 years with CF were enrolled in this non-interventional prospective cohort multicenter study. All children had P. aeruginosa in the respiratory tract (newly diagnosed, recurrent, or chronic infection). The children received inhalation treatment with Tobramycin-Gobbi in the following cycles: 28-day treatment/28-day break, for 6 months. The studied parameters included respiratory function, bacterial cultures of the respiratory tract with a bacterial count, growth and body weight, antibiotic therapy for the respiratory episodes. The children and parents filled in a questionnaire “Treatment satisfaction assessment” and assessed their state of health on the visual-analog scale before and after each treatment cycle.Results. P. aeruginosa was eradicated in 17.7% of cases (6 patients, including 2 newly diagnosed, 3 recurrent infections, and 1 chronic infection), reduced bacterial count, decreased number of courses of antibiotic therapy, improvement of FEV1. Adverse reactions were reported by one patient.Conclusion. The efficacy, safety, and tolerability of Tobramicine Gobbi were confirmed in the patients with newly diagnosed, recurrent, and chronic infection caused by P. aeruginosa.Антибактериальная терапия (АБТ) синегнойной инфекции при муковисцидозе (МВ) остается основным фактором, определяющим функцию легких и продолжительность жизни больных. Основным патогеном, который определяет степень тяжести течения МВ, продолжительность и качество жизни пациентов, является Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Целью исследования явилось изучение эффективности, безопасности и оценка удовлетворенности ингаляционной терапии препаратом Тобрамицин-Гобби при синегнойной инфекции у детей с МВ.Материалы и методы. В неинтервенционном проспективном когортном многоцентровом исследовании принимали участие дети (n = 35; возраст – 6–18 лет) с установленным диагнозом МВ, наличием синегнойной инфекции (первый высев, рецидивирующая и хроническая инфекция), наблюдавшиеся в 8 российских центрах МВ. В течение 6 мес. дети получали ингаляционную терапию указанным препаратом циклами по 28 дней ингаляций / 28 дней перерыв. Контролировались показатели респираторной функции, бактериальная флора дыхательных путей с оценкой степени обсемененности, показатели массы тела и роста, применяемая АБТ по поводу респиратор- ных эпизодов. Дети и их родители заполняли анкету пациента «Оценка удовлетворенности препаратом», при этом отмечалось самочувствие по визуальной аналоговой шкале до начала лечения и после каждого цикла приема препарата.Результаты. На фоне терапии в 6 (17,7 %) случаях (2 – с первичным высевом, 3 – с рецидивирующим, 1 – с хронической синегнойной инфекцией) выявлено отсутствие высева P. аeruginosa, уменьшение степени обсемененности, сокращение числа курсов АБТ, улучшение показателей объема форсированного выдоха за 1-ю секунду. Зарегистрированы нежелательные побочные реакции (n = 1).Заключение. Показана эффективность препарата Тобрамицин-Гобби при первичном высеве, интермиттирующей и хронической инфекции, вызванной P. аeruginosa, его безопасность и хорошая переносимость

THE DRUG-INDUCED HEPATITIS IN CHILDREN

Among toxic lesions of the liver, an important place belongs to medicinal hepatitis. Among patients with hepatitis, drug disease of the liver occurs in 0.7—1.4% of cases, and in the presence of jaundice — in 5%. A family case of sisters 9 and 4-year-old life development  of acute drug hepatitis caused by ibuprofen in a daily dose of 32 mg / kg (total 3.2 g) and 25 mg / kg (total 2 g), respectively, was demonstrated in siblings. Hepatitis developed after an acute respiratory infection. Weakness, nausea, vomiting, jaundice of the skin and sclera, pruritus, multiple increase in serum transaminases and markers of cholestasis are revealed. Viral hepatitis and some hereditary liver diseases were excluded. The drug lesion of the liver was of a mixed nature: hepatocellular (cytotoxic) and cholestatic. Timely administration of therapy (detoxification, glucocorticosteroids, ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursosan) led to a regression of clinical symptoms of the disease and positive dynamics of laboratory indicators

DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF GALECTIN-3 LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AND TYPE 2 DIABETES

Currently, a greater emphasis is placed on the search for additional biomarkers of chronic heart failure (CHF). Galectin-3, a marker of fibrosis and inflammation, has shown himself as a biomarker of CHF in many studies, but the dynamics of its levels in patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 is not well-studied.Aim. To identify diagnostic significance of galectin-3 plasma level evaluation and its correlations with echocardiographic criteria for patients with CHF and DM type 2.Material and methods. The study included 33 patients with ischemic CHF (all patients had a history of myocardial infarction) and DM type 2. The patients were divided into two groups according to the left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction (EF): a group with CHF and preserved ejection fraction (PEF) (EF≥50%) and with CHF and reduced ejection fraction (EF&lt;50%). Patients underwent clinical laboratory tests and Doppler echocardiography; moreover, the levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and galeсtin-3 were measured.Results. The mean level of galectin-3 in blood plasma in the group with CHF and PEF was significantly higher than in the group with CHF and reduced EF (p=0.007). In the group with CHF and PEF a positive correlation between the level of galectin-3 and diastolic LV function E/E' was found (r=0.620, p=0.01). A significant correlation between galectin-3 level and LV systolic function was stated in the group with reduced EF (r=0.53; p&lt;0.05), while in the group with PEF, the correlation was not significant (p=0.225). In the group of patients with reduced EF a negative correlation between galectin-3 and the volume of left atrium was revealed (r=-0.53; p&lt;0.05).Conclusion. Galectin-3 can be used as a diagnostic biomarker primarily in patients with CHF and PEF.</p

FORMATION OF POPULATION MORBIDITY WITH SALMONELLOSIS CAUSED BY SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS IN REGIONS WITH INCOMPLETE SUPPLY OF LOCAL POULTRY PRODUCTS

Aim. Study plasmid characteristics of S. enteritidis strains in patients and features of epidemiology of the infection in regions with incomplete supply of population with local poultry production. Materials and methods. Plasmid analysis of microbe strains isolated from 382 patients and 8 samples of products was carried out, and significance of plasmid types in population morbidity was evaluated. Identification of salmonella was carried out by conventional methods, plasmid specter - by Kado C.I. and Liu S.T. (1981) method. Results. 98.4% of strains contained virulence plasmid p38, and 80.1% of strains also had small plasmids. Sakhalin strains were divided into 16 plasmid types (D=0.794), and strains from Jewish AO - 10 (D=0.834). Uniformity of strains in patients during infection outbreaks and in transmission factors was detected. Conclusion. Features of salmonellosis in the studied subjects of Russian Federation are determined by higher risk of import of products containing salmonella. Monitoring based on plasmid analysis is an effective base for epidemiologic control

Epidemiological Analysis of the Incidence of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in the Jewish Autonomous Region in 2003 - 2016

Retrospective epidemiological analysis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) was performed in the Jewish Autonomous Region based on archival, statistical and operational data of 133 HFRS cases. Total 63 mammal samples were examined by ELISA and RT-PCR. Large-scale flooding in 2013 sharpened the epizootological condition and created the preconditions for epidemiological complications. The high increase in HFRS incidence in 2014 was characterized by the epidemiological process intensity displacement from the southern areas to least affected by flooding northern parts of the region and alteration of the seasonality corresponding to the maximum number of carriers in natural foci. Since 2015 a decrease of morbidity is observing. RNA and antigen of Hantaviruses were found in Apodemus agrarius and Microtus maximowiczii. Sequencing of L-gene fragment (334 bp) of RNA-containing samples showed their taxonomic affiliation to the three Hantaviruses: Khabarovsk, Hantaan and Puumala