MODELS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY DYNAMICS UNDER VARIOUS RATIOS OF MASCULINITY AND INDIVIDUALISM

The paper deals with national cultures influence on economic performance. Main aim is to analyze the impact of national culture on entrepreneurial activity in various countries. The study explores Geert Hof-stede’s cultural dimensions that allow assessing influence of main values and special features of mentality on behavioral patterns. The authors analyze an interaction between masculinity and individualism and a level of entrepreneurial activity in various countries by means of a multivariate correlation analysis. The authors use Total Early - stage Entrepreneurial Activity for entrepreneurial activity assessment. To assess business environment the authors use Ease of Doing Business indexes, developed by the World Bank: DTF score for starting a business, DTF score for getting credit and DTF score for paying taxes and also adjusted net national income per capita. The authors conclude that masculinity and individualism determine key factors influencing TEA

Controlling the Structure of Arenedisulfonates toward Catalytically Active Materials

By adjusting the solvothermal synthesis conditions, two ytterbium catalytically active MOF (metal organic framework) materials aimed at two different heterogeneous processes have been obtained as pure phases. Yb-LRH belongs to the first family of layered rare-earth hydroxides (LRH). With a 2D structure, highly related to that of the layered doubles hydroxides, Yb-LRHs have cationic inorganic layers with formula [Yb4(OH)10(H2O)4](n)(2+) and is a very active and selective catalyst in the sulfide oxidation reaction. The second, Yb-RPF-5, is a 3D rare-earth polymeric framework material, with formula [Yb(OH)(2,6-AQDS)(H2O)] (AQDS = anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate). With lower coordination for the Yb atom and additional acidity from the coordinated ligands, it acts as a good catalyst in hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reactions. Both materials are bifunctional catalysts in redox and acid processes. Structural features of the materials, as well as their catalytic activity and topology, have been studied

Material órgano-inorgánico microporoso cristalino basado en cationes alcalinotérreos, procedimiento de preparación y usos

Material órgano-inorgánico microporoso cristalino basado en cationes alcalinotérreos, procedimiento de preparación y usos. La presente invención se refiere a una familia de materiales órgano-inorgánicos microporosos cristalinos conteniendo cationes alcalinotérreos y ácidos dicarboxílicos, su procedimiento de preparación y su uso como catalizadores heterogéneos reutilizables para reacciones en química orgánica, como tamices moleculares y como absorbentes de gases y líquidos.Peer reviewedConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Energía (IMDEA-ENERGÍA)A1 Solicitud de patentes con informe sobre el estado de la técnic

Stable organic radical stacked by in situ coordination to rare earth cations in MOF materials

With the correct choice of the solvothermal conditions, we have achieved the unprecedented in situ formation of the free radical form of the anthraquinone-1,5-disulfonate molecule, and its favorable organization. The semiquinone radicals are coordinated to rare-earth cations to produce a 2D framework with a very high charge mobility and electric conductivity through the π-π-interactions. The existence of AQDS 3- anion radicals is proven on the base of: i) the electrical neutrality: elemental analyses for the different lanthanide RPF-8 bulks, the maximum residual electron densities in the structure, rule out the existence of any other neutralizing ion, ii) the geometrical modifications in the antraquinone molecules, and iii) although less definitive, due to the low magnetic moment μ = 0.39 μ B, the exhibited paramagnetism for the La (3+) with no unpaired electrons. © 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry.This work has been supported by Spanish MCYT Projects Mat 2007-60822, 2010-17571, and 2008-06542-C04, the Project Consolider-Ingenio CSD2006-2001, and the Project of Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (S2009/MAT-1756).Peer Reviewe

Development of homogeneous and heterogenized rhodium(i) and palladium(ii) complexes with ligands based on a chiral proton sponge building block and their application as catalysts

Depto. de Química en Ciencias FarmacéuticasFac. de FarmaciaTRUEpu

Indium metal-organic frameworks as catalysts in solvent-free cyanosilylation reaction

Two new Indium MOFs with the bending multicarboxylate ligand H 2dpmda as a linker and different N-donor ancillary ligands were obtained; the two compounds are isoreticular with 2D-hcb uninodal 3-connected nets. Comparison of their activity in cyanosilylation reactions with another eight In-MOFs is also reported. Eight out of the ten resulted in being good catalysts under mild and environmentally friendly conditions. Correlations between indium coordination number (CN), framework topology and catalytic activity are made and discussed, demonstrating that among the studied MOFs, the indium material named InPF-6 with the formula [In2(dpa) 3(1,10-phen)2]·H2O is the most effective catalyst. A possible catalytic mechanism is discussed. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry.L. M. A.-D acknowledges a FPI scholarship from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO), and Fondo Social Europeo from the EU. This work has been supported by the Spanish MCYT Projects MAT2010-17571, MAT2011-29020-C02-02, FAMA S2009/MAT-1756 Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, and Consolider-Ingenio CSD2006-2001.Peer Reviewe

Material órgano-inorgánico cristalino basado en cationes del grupo XIII de la tabla periódica, procedimiento de preparación y uso

[EN] The invention relates to a family of crystalline organic-inorganic materials containing cations of the group XIII (Al, Ga and In) and the chemical combination thereof, and polycarboxylic acids, their preparation method and the use thereof as reusable heterogeneous catalysts for reactions in organic chemistry.[ES] La presente invención se refiere a una familia de materiales órgano-inorgánicos cristalinos conteniendo cationes del grupo XIII (Al, Ga e In) y la combinación química de éstos, y ácidos policarboxílicos, su procedimiento de preparación y su uso como catalizadores heterogéneos reutilizables para reacciones en química orgánica.Peer reviewedConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España)A1 Solicitud de patente con informe sobre el estado de la técnic