297 research outputs found
Continuous distribution of frequencies and deformed dispersion relations
The possibilities that, in the realm of the detection of the so--called
deformed dispersion relation, a light source with a continuous distribution of
frequencies offers is discussed. It will be proved that the presence of finite
coherence length entails the emergence of a new term in the interference
pattern. This is a novel trait, which renders a new possibility in the quest
for bounds associated with these deformed dispersion relations.Comment: Accepted in Classical and Quantum Gravit
2-Form Gravity of the Lorentzian Signature
We introduce a new spinorial, BF-like action for the Einstein gravity. This
is a first, up to our knowledge, 2-form action which describes the real,
Lorentzian gravity and uses only the self-dual connection. In the generic case,
the corresponding classical canonical theory is equivalent to the
Einstein-Ashtekar theory plus the reality conditions
Clinical evaluation and prognostic analysis of the course of myasthenia gravis
Myasthenia gravis is considered to be an disease in which the course is hard to predict. The results of investigation of 103 patients with myasthenia gravis within years 2012 - 2015 are given in the article. The authors made a detailed research into the classification of the clinical course and factors influencing the clinical type and course of myasthenia gravis. Development of favorable and unfavorable prognosis disease was submitted by the authors.Миастения является труднопрогнозируемым заболеванием. С целью оптимизации прогнозирования течения миастении на основании клинических факторов выполнено комплексное динамическое проспективное клинико-параклиническое исследование 103 пациентов в период с 2012 по 2015 годы. Подробно рассмотрены классификация клинического течения и факторы, влияющие на развития различных вариантов течения миастении. Разработана научная концепция о наличии благоприятного и неблагоприятного типов течения миастении. Установлено, что на прогноз течения заболевания влияет как клиническая картина заболевания, так и коморбидные нарушения
Gauge Theory of the String Geodesic Field
A relativistic string is usually represented by the Nambu-Goto action in
terms of the extremal area of a 2-dimensional timelike submanifold of Minkowski
space. Alternatively, a family of classical solutions of the string equation of
motion can be globally described in terms of the associated geodesic field. In
this paper we propose a new gauge theory for the geodesic field of closed and
open strings. Our approach solves the technical and conceptual problems
affecting previous attempts to describe strings in terms of local field
variables. The connection between the geodesic field, the string current and
the Kalb-Ramond gauge potential is discussed and clarified. A non-abelian
generalization and the generally covariant form of the model are also
discussed.Comment: 38 pages, PHYZZX, UTS-DFT-92-2
Quantum cosmic models and thermodynamics
The current accelerating phase of the evolution of the universe is considered
by constructing most economical cosmic models that use just general relativity
and some dominating quantum effects associated with the probabilistic
description of quantum physics. Two of such models are explicitly analyzed.
They are based on the existence of a sub-quantum potential and correspond to a
generalization of the spatially flat exponential model of de Sitter space. The
thermodynamics of these two cosmic solutions is discussed, using the second
principle as a guide to choose which among the two is more feasible. The paper
also discusses the relativistic physics on which the models are based, their
holographic description, some implications from the classical energy
conditions, and an interpretation of dark energy in terms of the entangled
energy of the universe.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Class. Quantum Gra
Structure and magnetic properties of the Ho2Ge2O7 pyrogermanate
We report the anisotropic magnetic properties of Ho2Ge2O7 determined from dc
and ac magnetization, specific heat and powder neutron diffraction experiments.
The magnetic lanthanide sublattice, seen in our refinement of the tetragonal
pyrogermanate crystal structure, is a right-handed spiral of edge-sharing and
corner-sharing triangles; the local Ho-O coordination indicates that the
crystal field is anisotropic. Susceptibility and magnetization data indeed show
that the magnetism is highly anisotropic, and the magnetic structure has the Ho
moments confined to the plane perpendicular to the structural spiral. The
ordered moment of Ho3+, as determined from refinement of the neutron
diffraction data, is 9.0 mu_B. Magnetic ordering occurs around 1.6 K.
Temperature and field dependent ac susceptibility measurements show that this
compound displays spin relaxation phenomena analogous to what is seen in the
spin ice pyrochlore system Ho2Ti2O7
Symmetries and observables in topological gravity
After a brief review of topological gravity, we present a superspace approach
to this theory. This formulation allows us to recover in a natural manner
various known results and to gain some insight into the precise relationship
between different approaches to topological gravity. Though the main focus of
our work is on the vielbein formalism, we also discuss the metric approach and
its relationship with the former formalism.Comment: 34 pages; a few explanations added in subsection 2.2.1, published
version of pape
The LQG -- String: Loop Quantum Gravity Quantization of String Theory I. Flat Target Space
We combine I. background independent Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) quantization
techniques, II. the mathematically rigorous framework of Algebraic Quantum
Field Theory (AQFT) and III. the theory of integrable systems resulting in the
invariant Pohlmeyer Charges in order to set up the general representation
theory (superselection theory) for the closed bosonic quantum string on flat
target space. While we do not solve the, expectedly, rich representation theory
completely, we present a, to the best of our knowledge new, non -- trivial
solution to the representation problem. This solution exists 1. for any target
space dimension, 2. for Minkowski signature of the target space, 3. without
tachyons, 4. manifestly ghost -- free (no negative norm states), 5. without
fixing a worldsheet or target space gauge, 6. without (Virasoro) anomalies
(zero central charge), 7. while preserving manifest target space Poincar\'e
invariance and 8. without picking up UV divergences. The existence of this
stable solution is exciting because it raises the hope that among all the
solutions to the representation problem (including fermionic degrees of
freedom) we find stable, phenomenologically acceptable ones in lower
dimensional target spaces, possibly without supersymmetry, that are much
simpler than the solutions that arise via compactification of the standard Fock
representation of the string. Moreover, these new representations could solve
some of the major puzzles of string theory such as the cosmological constant
problem. The solution presented in this paper exploits the flatness of the
target space in several important ways. In a companion paper we treat the more
complicated case of curved target spaces.Comment: 46 p., LaTex2e, no figure
Physical boundary Hilbert space and volume operator in the Lorentzian new spin-foam theory
A covariant spin-foam formulation of quantum gravity has been recently
developed, characterized by a kinematics which appears to match well the one of
canonical loop quantum gravity. In this paper we reconsider the implementation
of the constraints that defines the model. We define in a simple way the
boundary Hilbert space of the theory, introducing a slight modification of the
embedding of the SU(2) representations into the SL(2,C) ones. We then show
directly that all constraints vanish on this space in a weak sense. The
vanishing is exact (and not just in the large quantum number limit.) We also
generalize the definition of the volume operator in the spinfoam model to the
Lorentzian signature, and show that it matches the one of loop quantum gravity,
as does in the Euclidean case.Comment: 11 page
Cosmological perturbations in the Palatini formulation of modified gravity
Cosmology in extended theories of gravity is considered assuming the Palatini
variational principle, for which the metric and connection are independent
variables. The field equations are derived to linear order in perturbations
about the homogeneous and isotropic but possibly spatially curved background.
The results are presented in a unified form applicable to a broad class of
gravity theories allowing arbitrary scalar-tensor couplings and nonlinear
dependence on the Ricci scalar in the gravitational action. The gauge-ready
formalism exploited here makes it possible to obtain the equations immediately
in any of the commonly used gauges. Of the three type of perturbations, the
main attention is on the scalar modes responsible for the cosmic large-scale
structure. Evolution equations are derived for perturbations in a late universe
filled with cold dark matter and accelerated by curvature corrections. Such
corrections are found to induce effective pressure gradients which are
problematical in the formation of large-scale structure. This is demonstrated
by analytic solutions in a particular case. A physical equivalence between
scalar-tensor theories in metric and in Palatini formalisms is pointed out.Comment: 14 pages; the published version (+ an appendix). Corrected typos in
eqs. 30,33 and B
- …