Orbitofrontal epilepsy: Electroclinical analysis of surgical cases and literature review

Clinical and electrographic data were reviewed on 2 of our patients with orbitofrontal epilepsy who were seizure free at 5-year follow-up, and on 2 similar patients from the literature. One of our patients was lesional, and the other was nonlesional. Interictal EEG discharges were lateralized to the side of invasively recorded orbitofrontal seizures in the nonlesional case. In this case, no clinical manifestations occurred until the orbitofrontal discharge had spread to the opposite orbitofrontal and both mesial temporal areas. Unresponsiveness or arrest of activity were the initial manifestations of complex partial seizures in both cases. The 2 cases from the literature with long-term seizure-free follow-up had little impairment of awareness and displayed vigorous motor automatisms. Interictal epileptiform activity was bifrontally synchronous in 1 case. Ipsilateral frontotemporal discharges were seen in both. Invasive ictal epileptiform activity appeared maximal in the ipsilateral orbitofrontal region in both patients. No consistent electrographic or clinical pattern characterized these 4 cases. Seizures of orbitofrontal origin may be characterized by either unresponsiveness associated with oroalimentary automatisms or limited alteration of awareness and associated with vigorous motor automatisms. Invasive monitoring of the orbitofrontal cortex should be considered in nonlesional cases with complex partial seizures that show nonlocalizing ictal patterns and interictal frontal or frontotemporal epileptiform discharges. Copyright (C) 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel

TESTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE OF IDENTICALLY APPEARING POTATO VARIETIES

Like many other vegetables, potatoes are marketed by type (russet, round white, red), rather than by variety (Burbak, Katahdin, Pontiac). Although varieties of the same type have similar outward appearances, they are also known to have different internal and cooking characteristics. There has been considerable controversy over the need for variety identification promotion in the potato industry. A consumer response study that distinguished between user satisfaction with different potato varieties was viewed as a step toward resolving this issue.Consumer/Household Economics,

Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus, Purse Seine Fishery, 1972-84, with a brief discussion of age and size composition of the Landings

This report summarizes (I) annual purse seine landings of Atlantic menhaden, Brevoortia tyrannus, for 1972-84, (2) estimated numbers of fish caught by fishing area. (3) estimates of nominal fishing effort and catch-per-unit-effort, (4) mean fish length and weight, and (5) major changes in the fishery. During the 1970s stock size and recruitment increased and the age composition broadened. reversing trends witnessed during the fishery's decline in the 1960s. Landings steadily improved and by 1980 the total coast wide landings exceeded 400,000 metric tons. Nevertheless, the character of the fishery changed considerably. Eleven reduction plants processed fish at seven ports in 1972, but in 1984 only eight plants operated at live ports. Beginning in the mid-1960s the center of fishing aclivity shifted from the Middle Atlantic area to the Chesapeake Bay area, which has continued to dominate the fishery in landings and effort through the 1970s and 1980s. During this period the average size and age of fish in the catches declined. (PDF file contains 30 pages.

Vitamin C in the Diet of Inuit Hunters From Holman, N.W.T.

During the spring and summer months the diet of three Inuit families living in a seal hunting camp south of Holman, N.W.T., was studied. A total of 13 food items including the most commonly eaten mammal, bird and plant species were analysed for Vitamin C in both the raw and cooked state. We document a daily intake of ascorbic acid of between 11 and 118 mg and estimate a mean dose of at least 30 mg. This is well above the levels documented in larger transitional culture villages by a recent Nutrition Canada report

David St. Aubin (1952-2002)

Imagine the scene, Dave, strong, youthful and sharp-eyed, poised to leap off the bow of a swift-turning zodiac, hurl himself into the frigid Arctic waters, and deftly place a hoop-net over the head of a thrashing beluga whale. Each evening we would sit quietly on the cliffs, sharing the satisfaction of a good day's work .... The spectacle of the hundreds of belugas just below the bluff, rubbing in the shallows of Cunningham Inlet, made this one of Dave's favourite places. He was, after all, the one who had found out why belugas were there. ... Dave was the first to document that a whale could actually moult, in a peculiar kind of mammalian way. Dave started his research career as an assistant at the Arctic Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, in Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Québec, .... Dave was clear in his vision and goals. In 1973, he decided on graduate training. Riding a wave of powerful recommendations, he arrived at the University of Guelph .... Dave earned his Master's degree and Ph.D., both with honours. ... From the moment Dave arrived at the university until the day he left 21 years later, ... three of us worked together from the Arctic to the tropics, from Maritime Canada to Florida, from Holman Island to South America to Hawaii- observing, studying, documenting, learning. ... In 1993, Dave went to Mystic Marine Life Aquarium as Director of Research and Veterinary Services. While south of the Canadian border, his interests and involvement in Arctic research grew stronger than ever. ... By today's measure, 50 years is a disappointingly short life, but Dave never wasted a moment and accomplished much. ..

Consent to Surgery

The legal aspects of a patient\u27s consent to operation, or the lack of such consent, are many and varied. The general rule is that consent of the patient, or of someone authorized to act for him, is necessary in order for a physician to legally operate. This rule is not altered by the fact that an unauthorized operation is slight and ordinarily is not accompanied by serious consequences. Where no consent is present, a surgical operation upon the body is a technical battery, and in the absence of exceptional circumstances, appropriate damages may be recovered from the physician. The question as to whether consent, either either express or implied, has been given, is one of fact for the jury