209,653 research outputs found
Go with your gut! Effects of affect misattribution procedures become stronger when participants are encouraged to rely on their gut feelings
The Affective Misattribution Procedure (AMP) is one of the leading examples of a class of tasks used to measure attitudes implicitly. Based on the idea that AMP effects occur because participants misattribute affective responses, we hypothesized that asking participants to focus on their affective, gut-level responses would increase the magnitude of AMP effects. In line with this prediction, results showed that participants who completed the AMP while "going with their gut" revealed AMP effects that were much larger than for participants who completed the AMP with standard instructions. This result supports the prevailing model of the AMP as being related to affective misattribution, and reveals a straightforward way to increase effect sizes in the AMP
The Larson-Tinsley Effect in the UV: Interacting vs. `Normal' Spiral Galaxies
We compare the UV-optical colors of a well-defined set of optically-selected
pre-merger interacting galaxy pairs with those of normal spirals. The shorter
wavelength colors show a larger dispersion for the interacting galaxies than
for the spirals. This result can best be explained by higher star formation
rates on average in the interacting galaxies, combined with higher extinctions
on average. This is consistent with earlier studies, that found that the star
formation in interacting galaxies tends to be more centrally concentrated than
in normal spirals, perhaps due to gas being driven into the center by the
interaction. As noted in earlier studies, there is a large variation from
galaxy to galaxy in the implied star formation rates of the interacting
galaxies, with some galaxies having enhanced rates but others being fairly
quiescent.Comment: To appear in the Astronomical Journal. 22 pages, 22 figure
A visual representation of part-whole relationships in BFO-conformant ontologies
In the visual representation of ontologies, in particular of part-whole relationships, it is customary to use graph theory as the representational background. We claim here that the standard graph-based approach has a number of limitations, and we propose instead a new representation of part-whole structures for ontologies, and describe the results of experiments designed to show the effectiveness of this new proposal especially as concerns reduction of visual complexity. The proposal is developed to serve visualization of ontologies conformant to the Basic Formal Ontology. But it can be used also for more general applications, particularly in the biomedical domain
Comment to "Fine structure constant in the spacetime of a cosmic string"
In the paper Phys. Lett. B614 (2005), 140-142, F. Nasseri shows that the
values of the fine structure constant reduces due to the presence of a cosmic
string. In this comment I want to point out that this conclusion is not
completely correct in the sense that the result obtained is valid only in a
very special situation.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physics Letters
A diagrammatic representation for entities and mereotopological relations in ontologies
In the graphical representation of ontologies, it is customary to use graph theory as the representational background. We claim here that the standard graph-based approach has a number of limitations. We focus here on a problem in the graph-based representation of ontologies in complex domains such as biomedical, engineering and manufacturing: lack of mereotopological representation. Based on such limitation, we proposed a diagrammatic way to represent an entity’s structure and various forms of mereotopological relationships between the entities
Young men's ambivalence toward alcohol
There is widespread concern about the health and social consequences of excessive alcohol consumption among young men. Interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm will be affected by ambivalence toward alcohol, because ambivalent attitudes are worse predictors of behaviour than are homogeneous attitudes. It is therefore important to identify aspects of alcohol consumption about which young men are not ambivalent. In-depth interviews were conducted with a socioeconomically diverse sample of 31 men, aged 18–21 living in London, UK. Ambivalence toward alcohol was widespread. None of the drinkers who were interviewed had uncomplicated positive evaluations of drinking: all mentioned compelling reasons not to drink. Most motives for drinking were also identified as reasons for not drinking if consumption became excessive. However, three motives for not drinking were not also motives for drinking: violence, alcoholism, and cost. These findings should be considered during the design of interventions to reduce the health and social consequences of excessive alcohol consumption amongst young men
Relational information moderates approach-avoidance instruction effects on implicit evaluation
Extreme isolation of WN3/O3 stars and implications for their evolutionary origin as the elusive stripped binaries
Recent surveys of the Magellanic Clouds have revealed a subtype of Wolf-Rayet
(WR) star with peculiar properties. WN3/O3 spectra exhibit both WR-like
emission and O3 V-like absorption - but at lower luminosity than O3 V or WN
stars. We examine the projected spatial distribution of WN3/O3 stars in the LMC
as compared to O-type stars. Surprisingly, WN3/O3 stars are among the most
isolated of all classes of massive stars; they have a distribution similar to
red supergiants dominated by initial masses of 10-15 , and are far
more dispersed than classical WR stars or luminous blue variables (LBVs). Their
lack of association with clusters of O-type stars suggests strongly that WN3/O3
stars are not the descendants of single massive stars (30 or
above). Instead, they are likely products of interacting binaries at lower
initial mass (10-18 ). Comparison with binary models suggests a
probable origin with primaries in this mass range that were stripped of their H
envelopes through non-conservative mass transfer by a low-mass secondary. We
show that model spectra and positions on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram for
binary stripped stars are consistent with WN3/O3 stars. Monitoring radial
velocities with high-resolution spectra can test for low-mass companions or
runaway velocities. With lower initial mass and environments that avoid very
massive stars, the WN3/O3 stars fit expectations for progenitors of Type Ib and
possibly Type Ibn supernovae.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA
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