Industrielle Systeme- Teil IV

In dem vorliegenden letzten Teil der Serie wird der Prozesskalkuel (Prozessrechnung) zur Modellierung einer Fabrik mit Job-Produktion angewendet. Dies wird anhand von vier speziellen und einem allgemeinen Modell erlaeutert

Passende beoordeling voor Mosselzaadinvang (MZI) in Nederlandse kustwateren

Het voorgenomen plan is om op verschillende locaties in de Natura 2000-gebieden Waddenzee, Voordelta en Oosterschelde MZI-installaties te plaatsen en te exploiteren. Het gaat om 9 locaties in de Waddenzee (totaal oppervlak 545 ha, waarvan maximaal 500 ha in gebruik; in de 1e tranche die geldt voor de jaren 2010 en 2011 wordt hiervan 205 ha uitgegeven), 1 locatie in de Voordelta (totaal oppervlak 60 ha, waarvan 12 ha in de 1e tranche in gebruik) en 4 locaties in de Oosterschelde (totaal oppervlak 200 ha, waarvan in de 1e tranche 110 ha wordt uitgegeven). Indien de locaties volledig worden benut, worden er met uitzondering van de locatie Schaar van Renesse (Voordelta) en de locatie Zuidmeep (Waddenzee) geen significante negatieve effecten van de geselecteerde locaties op de Natura 2000-instandhoudingsdoelen verwacht. Voor de locatie Zuidmeep kunnen significante effecten niet worden uitgesloten voor het instandhoudingsdoel van de Bergeend, gezien de nabijheid van een ruigebied van deze soort. Voor de locatie Schaar van Renesse kunnen significante negatieve effecten van MZI’s niet met zekerheid worden uitgesloten voor het instandhoudingsdoel van de Roodkeelduiker, aangezien deze verstoringsgevoelige soort dan nog aanwezig is in het betreffende gebie

Effects of vertical distribution of soil inorganic nitrogen on root growth and subsequent nitrogen uptake by field vegetable crops

Information is needed about root growth and N uptake of crops under different soil conditions to increase nitrogen use efficiency in horticultural production. The purpose of this study was to investigate if differences in vertical distribution of soil nitrogen (Ninorg) affected root growth and N uptake of a variety of horticultural crops. Two field experiments were performed each over 2 years with shallow or deep placement of soil Ninorg obtained by management of cover crops. Vegetable crops of leek, potato, Chinese cabbage, beetroot, summer squash and white cabbage reached root depths of 0.5, 0.7, 1.3, 1.9, 1.9 and more than 2.4 m, respectively, at harvest, and showed rates of root depth penetration from 0.2 to 1.5 mm day)1 C)1. Shallow placement of soil Ninorg resulted in greater N uptake in the shallow-rooted leek and potato. Deep placement of soil Ninorg resulted in greater rates of root depth penetration in the deep-rooted Chinese cabbage, summer squash and white cabbage, which increased their depth by 0.2–0.4 m. The root frequency was decreased in shallow soil layers (white cabbage) and increased in deep soil layers (Chinese cabbage, summer squash and white cabbage). The influence of vertical distribution of soil Ninorg on root distribution and capacity for depletion of soil Ninorg was much less than the effect of inherent differences between species. Thus, knowledge about differences in root growth between species should be used when designing crop rotations with high N use efficiency

Numerical study of the resultant sediment transport near the port of ngqura due to the blockage of a sediment bypass system

The Port of Ngqura, situated in the Algoa Bay of South Africa, was commissioned in 2009 together with a sediment bypass system that is meant to intercept sediment being transported naturally eastwards towards the entrance of the port. The sea state in the Algoa Bay is dominated by waves generated in the Southern Ocean and flow from the Agulhas Current as it flows westwards along the southern coastline of South Africa. This sea state results in waves with an average significant wave height of more than 2 m over all seasons of the year. The sediment bypass system got blocked by rock fragments and stones migrating into the sediment trap created to accommodate eduction pumps sucking the fluidised sediment onshore for pumping downstream, to the right of the eastern breakwater. This resulted in the need for regular dredging in order to keep the entrance channel into the port open. The resulting sediment transport that necessitated the dredging operation was studied numerically by using the Delft3D software code. Delft3D Flow with its morphology module was coupled with Delft3D SWAN (Simulating WAves Nearshore) in stationary mode where data from National Centre for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) averaged over a 3 hour period was used as input for wave and wind data. Two nested grids were used to compute the wave propagations using SWAN where the larger grid took input of significant wave height, peak wave period and wave direction from NCEP, and it had a grid resolution of about 1000 m. The smaller inner grid (which had a resolution of about 500 m) got its boundary inputs from the calculated solution of the larger grid. All the wave conditions for SWAN were implemented with a directional spreading of 25 degrees with the JONSWAP shape. Thin dams were used to model the breakwaters of ports in the model and small islands. The influence of the Agulhas current was approximated by a current with a magnitude of 0.2 m/s and a direction of 250 degrees. Boundary conditions input into the Delft3D Flow model were water level computed using an in-house code that took current, wind and water level as input to calculate the water level at the right boundary node. The water level solution from Delft3D-Flow was used as input to the SWAN models. The bed and suspended sediment transport terms were computed over a period of 6 months, and compared to discern dominant processes responsible for the migrating stones, rock fragments and sediment filling up the bypass system sediment trap.Papers presented at the 13th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Portoroz, Slovenia on 17-19 July 2017 .International centre for heat and mass transfer.American society of thermal and fluids engineers

Natuurgrenzen in de Waddenzee: een verkenning voor beleid en beheer

Het begrip natuurgrenzen wordt de laatste jaren regelmatig gebruikt in het kader van beleidsontwikkeling. In de praktijk blijkt dat het niet eenvoudig is om het begrip zodanig inhoud te geven dat vergunningverlening er op gebaseerd kan worden. Mede omdat er verwarring en overlap was er met het begrip gebruiksgrens. Geconcludeerd wordt dat er wel degelijk natuurgrenzen bestaan, maar voor het vaststellen daarvan is het noodzakelijk eerst goed te definiëren over welk type natuur we het hebben. Daarom wordt de term natuurtype geïntroduceerd

Active calibration target for bistatic radar cross-section measurements

Either passive calibration targets are expensive and complex to manufacture or their bistatic RCS levels are significantly lower than the monostatic RCS levels of targets such as spheres, dihedral- and trihedral corner reflectors. In this paper the performance of an active calibration target with relative high bistatic RCS values is illustrated as a reference target for bistatic RCS measurements. The reference target is simple to manufacture, operates over a wide frequency range and can be configured to calibrate all four polarizations (VV, HH, HV and VH). Bistatic RCS measurements of canonical targets, performed in a controlled environment, are calibrated with the reference target and the results are compared to simulated results using FEKO.http://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/agu/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1944-799X2016-11-30hb2016Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineerin

Application of immunoperoxidase techniques to formalin-fixed brain tissue for the diagnosis of rabies in southern Africa

Two immunoperoxidase techniques, viz. avidin-biotin complex (ABC) and peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) procedures, were applied to paraffin-wax-embedded brain-tissue sections, from brains which had been fixed in 10% formalin, to demonstrate the presence of rabies-virus antigen by light microscopy. These techniques positively identified both "viverrid" and "canid" rabies-virus antigen in tissue sections of species commonly infected with rabies virus in southern Africa, viz. the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) , yellow mongoose (Cynictus penicillata), black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas), bat-eared fox (Otocyon megalotus), cattle (Bos taurus), sheep (Ovis aries) and humans. With both of these techniques rabies-virus antigen stained as sharply demarcated, brown precipitates within the cytoplasm of neurons. The virtual absence of background staining enabled identification of fine granules of viral antigen, often referred to as "virus dust", within axons, dendrites and cytoplasm of the nerve cell body. Staining with the ABC procedure produced clearer, more deeply-coloured precipitates than the PAP method.The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 600dpi. Adobe Acrobat XI Pro was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format.mn201