63 research outputs found

    Interactional organization and pedagogic aims of reading aloud practices in L1 education

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    The aim of this article is to examine the students’ and teachers’ activities of reading aloud as it occurs in and through interaction in L1-classrooms in the sixth grade with 12-year-old students. Our data consist of video-recorded classroom interaction in Finnish comprehensive schools. The method adopted is conversation analysis. This analysis encompasses read-alouds with reference to genre, source of the text and recipients’ visual access or non-access to the text. According to our analysis, the reading aloud a text is used to create a shared reference point in classrooms in terms of allocating turns, emphasizing the importance of the content or ideology of the text, deepening the knowledge and motivation for learning, fostering writing skills, or merely to enjoy the text or to fill up lesson time. In the discussion we reflect on read-alouds as a pedagogical tool for developing literacy skills in a classroom setting.Peer reviewe

    SprÄk- och kunskaputvecklande undervisning - sÄ hÀr kommer ni igÄng!

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    SprĂ„kbakgrunden hos eleverna i de svensksprĂ„kiga skolorna i Finland har förĂ€ndrats en hel del under de senaste decennierna. Andelen elever som kommer frĂ„n hem dĂ€r det talas andra sprĂ„k Ă€n skolsprĂ„ket svenska har ökat och ser ut att fortsĂ€tta öka. Enligt den kartlĂ€ggning som Utbildningsstyrelsen gjorde Ă„r 2013 har 51 % av eleverna i Ă„rskurs 1–6 svenska som enda hemsprĂ„k, 41 % bĂ„de svenska och finska, 4 % endast finska och 5 % nĂ„got annat hemsprĂ„k Ă€n finska och svenska. Genomsnitten döljer den stora sprĂ„kliga variationen mellan olika regioner och skolor i Svenskfinland. Gruppen av flersprĂ„kiga elever Ă€r fortsĂ€ttningsvis liten och koncentrerad till vissa orter, framför allt i Nyland och Österbotten. Alla elever ska oavsett sprĂ„kbakgrund ges likvĂ€rdiga möjligheter att uppnĂ„ de mĂ„l som finns inskrivna i Grunderna för lĂ€roplanen för den grundlĂ€ggande utbildningen (LP 2014). Den stora frĂ„gan som denna utvĂ€rdering försökt besvara lyder: Hur klarar den finlandssvenska skolan av hanteringen av den stora mĂ€ngden svensk-finskt tvĂ„sprĂ„kiga och den vĂ€xande mĂ€ngden flersprĂ„kiga elever? För att samla in information om hanteringen av tvĂ„sprĂ„kigheten och flersprĂ„kigheten riktades enkĂ€ter till flera olika mĂ„lgrupper med anknytning till Ă„rskurs 1–6 i den grundlĂ€ggande utbildningen. Insamlingen av information Ă€gde rum under Ă„ren 2017–2018. EnkĂ€terna besvarades av 204 klasslĂ€rare med svensk-finskt tvĂ„sprĂ„kiga elever i Ă„k 3 och 6, 79 klasslĂ€rare med flersprĂ„kiga elever i Ă„k 1–6, 118 rektorer i svensksprĂ„kiga skolor med Ă„k 1–6, 45 utbildningsanordnare med svensksprĂ„kiga skolor med Ă„k 1–6. Utöver dessa mĂ„lgrupper insamlades information ocksĂ„ av bland annat anordnare av svensksprĂ„kig klasslĂ€rarutbildning och lĂ€rarfortbildning, producenter av lĂ€romedel, elever och vĂ„rdnadshavare. Resultaten i utvĂ€rderingen bygger pĂ„ svar frĂ„n mĂ„nga olika slags kommuner och skolor i Svenskfinland, smĂ„ och stora skolor och skolor i olika regioner och sprĂ„kmiljöer. 4 Resultaten i utvĂ€rderingen vittnar inte om nĂ„gon entydig kritik mot de övergripande strukturerna i utbildningssystemet. Styrsystemet med lĂ€roplansgrunder, grundlĂ€ggande finansiering, lĂ€rarutbildning, lĂ€rarfortbildning och sĂ„ vidare verkar inte direkt hindra eller försvĂ„ra hanteringen av tvĂ„sprĂ„kigheten eller flersprĂ„kigheten. Styrsystemet möjliggör Ă„tminstone i teorin en Ă€ndamĂ„lsenlig undervisning för bĂ„de svensk-finskt tvĂ„sprĂ„kiga och flersprĂ„kiga elever. De utmaningar som kommer till uttryck handlar ofta om lokala svĂ„righeter med att utnyttja de övergripande möjligheter som finns. SvĂ„righeterna kan till exempel handla om resursbrister eller svĂ„righeter med att ordna enskilda lĂ€rokurser i svenska som andrasprĂ„k och litteratur, modersmĂ„lsinriktad finska eller elevens eget modersmĂ„l för enskilda elever. Generellt sett krĂ€ver den stora andelen tvĂ„sprĂ„kiga elever i de svensksprĂ„kiga skolorna kontinuerliga och systematiska satsningar pĂ„ sprĂ„kstödjande och -utvecklande verksamhet. Rapporten ger mycket information om hur tvĂ„sprĂ„kigheten och flersprĂ„kigheten hanteras pĂ„ det kommunala planet och i de enskilda skolorna och klassrummen. Genom svaren frĂ„n de olika respondentgrupperna framgĂ„r ett stort antal konkreta förfaranden, erfarenheter, bĂ„de kritiska och konstruktiva synpunkter och Ă„sikter om de sprĂ„kliga utmaningarna i de svensksprĂ„kiga skolorna. En del av de frĂ„gor som aktualiseras i utvĂ€rderingen gĂ€ller inte bara den finlandssvenska skolan, utan Ă€r uttryck för utmaningar som prĂ€glar mĂ„nga olika verksamhetsomrĂ„denSuomessa toimivien ruotsinkielisten koulujen oppilaiden kielitausta on muuttunut huomatta- vasti viime vuosikymmenien aikana. YhĂ€ suurempi osa oppilaista tulee kodeista, joissa puhutaan muutakin kieltĂ€ kuin ruotsia, ja heidĂ€n osuutensa nĂ€yttÀÀ kasvavan edelleen. Opetushallituksen vuonna 2013 tekemĂ€n tutkimuksen mukaan vuosiluokkien 1–6 oppilaista 51 %:lla ruotsi on ainoa kotikieli, 41 % puhuu kotikielenÀÀn sekĂ€ ruotsia ettĂ€ suomea, 4 % vain suomea ja 5 % jotakin muuta kieltĂ€. Keskiarvot eivĂ€t tuo esille eri alueiden ja koulujen vĂ€listĂ€ suurta kielellistĂ€ vaihtelua. Monikielisten oppilaiden ryhmĂ€ on yhĂ€ pieni ja keskittynyt yksittĂ€isille paikkakunnille, etenkin Uudellamaalla ja Pohjanmaalla. Kaikille oppilaille olisi kielitaustasta riippumatta annettava tasavertaiset mahdollisuudet saavuttaa Perusopetuksen opetussuunnitelman perusteissa (POPS 2014) esitetyt tavoitteet. TĂ€ssĂ€ arvioinnissa yritettiin vastata kysymykseen: Kuinka ruotsinkieliset koulut kykenevĂ€t ottamaan huomioon suuren mÀÀrĂ€n kaksikielisiĂ€ (ruotsi ja suomi) ja yhĂ€ suurenevan mÀÀrĂ€n monikielisiĂ€ oppilaita? TĂ€ssĂ€ arvioinnissa kaksi- ja monikielisyyden huomioon ottamisesta keskityttiin persuopetuksen vuosiluokkiin 1–6. Tietoa kerĂ€ttiin vuosina 2017–2018 eri kohderyhmille suunnatuilla kyselyilĂ€. Kyselyihin vastasi 204 luokanopettajaa, jotka opettivat ruotsia ja suomea puhuvia kaksikielisiĂ€ oppilaita vuosiluokilla 3 ja 6, 79 luokanopettajaa, jotka opettivat monikielisiĂ€ oppilaita vuosiluokilla 1–6, 118 ruotsinkielisten koulujen vuosiluokkien 1–6 rehtoria ja 45 ruotsinkielistĂ€ koulutuksen jĂ€rjestĂ€jÀÀ. NĂ€iden kohderyhmien lisĂ€ksi tietoja kerĂ€ttiin myös ruotsinkielisen luokanopettajakou- lutuksen jĂ€rjestĂ€jiltĂ€, opettajien tĂ€ydennyskoulutuksen jĂ€rjestĂ€jiltĂ€, oppimateriaalien tuottajilta, oppilailta ja huoltajilta. Arvioinnin tulokset edustavat kattavasti kouluja ja koulutuksen jĂ€rjestĂ€jiĂ€ hyvin erilaisista olo- suhteista. Joukossa on pieniĂ€ ja suuria kouluja sekĂ€ eri alueiden ja kieliympĂ€ristöjen kouluja. 5 Yhteenveto Arvioinnin tuloksista ei kĂ€y ilmi kritiikkiĂ€ koulutusjĂ€rjestelmĂ€n yleisiĂ€ rakenteita kohtaan. Muun muassa opetussuunnitelmaan, perusrahoitukseen, opettajankoulutukseen ja opettajien tĂ€ydennyskoulutukseen perustuva ohjausjĂ€rjestelmĂ€ ei nĂ€yttĂ€isi suoraan estĂ€vĂ€n tai vaikeuttavan kaksikielisyyden tai monikielisyyden kĂ€sittelyĂ€. OhjausjĂ€rjestelmĂ€ sallii ainakin teoriassa sekĂ€ ruotsia ja suomea puhuvien kaksikielisten ettĂ€ monikielisten oppilaiden tarkoituksenmukaisen opetuksen. Esiin tulleet haasteet liittyvĂ€t usein paikallisiin vaikeuksiin hyödyntÀÀ kĂ€ytettĂ€vissĂ€ olevia yleisiĂ€ mahdollisuuksia. Vaikeudet voivat liittyĂ€ esimerkiksi puutteellisiin resursseihin tai vaikeuksiin jĂ€rjestÀÀ yksittĂ€isille oppilaille yksittĂ€isiĂ€ oppimÀÀriĂ€, kuten ruotsi toisena kielenĂ€ ja kirjallisuus -oppimÀÀrÀÀ, Ă€idinkielenomaista suomea tai oppilaan omaa Ă€idinkieltĂ€. Kaksikielisten oppilaiden suuri osuus ruotsinkielisten koulujen oppilaista vaatii yleisesti ottaen jatkuvaa ja jĂ€rjestelmĂ€llistĂ€ panostusta kieltĂ€ tukevaan ja kehittĂ€vÀÀn toimintaan. Raportti tuo esille runsaasti tietoa kaksikielisyyden ja monikielisyyden huomioon ottamisesta sekĂ€ kuntatasolla ettĂ€ yksittĂ€isissĂ€ kouluissa ja luokissa. Eri vastaajaryhmien vastauksista nousee esille kĂ€ytĂ€nnön toimintatapoja ja kokemuksia, sekĂ€ kriittisiĂ€ ettĂ€ rakentavia nĂ€kökulmia ja nĂ€kemyksiĂ€ ruotsinkielisten koulujen kielellisistĂ€ haasteista ja mahdollisuuksista. Monet arvioinnissa esiin tulleista asioista eivĂ€t pelkĂ€stÀÀn liity ruotsinkielisiin kouluihin vaan kuvastavat myös yleisemmin ruotsinkielisen vĂ€hemmistön haasteita.The linguistic background of pupils in Swedish-speaking schools in Finland has changed considerably in the past decades. The portion of pupils from homes where languages other than Swedish are also spoken has increased and is expected to continue to do so. According to a 2013 survey conducted by the Finnish National Agency for Education, 51 % of pupils in grades 1–6 spoke Swedish as their only language at home, 41 % spoke both Swedish and Finnish, 4 % only Finnish and 5 % a language other than Finnish or Swedish. The gures do not reveal the great linguistic variation between different regions and schools in Swedish-speaking Finland. The group of multilingual pupils is still small and is concentrated in a few locations, especially in the Uusimaa and Ostrobothnia regions. Irrespective of their linguistic background, all pupils must be provided equal opportunities to achieve the goals described in the National core curriculum for basic education (2014). The key question that this evaluation aimed to answer was: How are Swedish-speaking schools in Finland dealing with the large number of Swedish-Finnish bilingual pupils and the growing number of multilingual pupils? To collect information about the handling of bilingualism and multilingualism, surveys were conducted among various target groups linked to grades 1–6 in basic education. The information was collected in 2017–2018. Survey responses were obtained from 204 class teachers working with Swedish-Finnish bilingual pupils in grades 3 and 6, from 79 class teachers of multilingual pupils in grades 1–6, from 118 principals of Swedish-speaking schools offering grades 1–6 and from 45 education providers running Swedish-speaking schools with grades 1–6. In addition to these target groups, information was also collected from providers of Swedish-language class teacher education and continuing education for teachers, producers of educational material, pupils and parents or caregivers. 7 Abstract Publisher Finnish Education Evaluation Centre (FINEEC) Title of publication The results of the evaluation are based on responses from a variety of municipalities and schools in Swedish-speaking Finland: both small and large schools and schools from different regions and linguistic environments. The results do not indicate a clear criticism about the overall structures of the education system. The steering system – comprising, for example, the national core curriculum, core funding, teacher education and continuing education for teachers – does not appear to directly prevent or obstruct the handling of bilingualism or multilingualism. In theory, at least, the steering system enables the provision of appropriate instruction for both bilingual Swedish-Finnish pupils and multilingual pupils. The challenges observed are often related to local dif culties in taking advantage of the general opportunities available. These may deal with, for example, a scarcity of resources or problems with organising some syllabuses in Swedish as a second language and literature, Finnish as a mother tongue or the mother tongue of individual pupils. In general, the large portion of bilingual pupils in Swedish-speaking schools requires continuous, systematic investment into activities that support and develop language use. The report provides a great deal of information about the way in which bilingualism and multilingualism are handled at the municipal level and in individual schools and classrooms. The responses from the different groups of respondents describe numerous concrete practices, practical examples, experiences, both critical and constructive viewpoints as well as opinions regarding the linguistic challenges experienced in Swedish-speaking schools. Some of the issues that emerge from the evaluation do not affect Swedish-speaking schools in Finland alone, but are an expression of the challenges experienced in many different areas of activities where the Swedish language holds the minority position in relation to the Finnish language

    SamförstÄnd nÀr hÀnderna fungerar : tillgÀnglighet och delaktighet ur finlandssvenska teckensprÄkiga dövas synvinkel

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    Only abstract. Paper copies of master’s theses are listed in the Helka database (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Electronic copies of master’s theses are either available as open access or only on thesis terminals in the Helsinki University Library.Vain tiivistelmĂ€. Sidottujen gradujen saatavuuden voit tarkistaa Helka-tietokannasta (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Digitaaliset gradut voivat olla luettavissa avoimesti verkossa tai rajoitetusti kirjaston opinnĂ€ytekioskeilla.Endast sammandrag. Inbundna avhandlingar kan sökas i Helka-databasen (http://www.helsinki.fi/helka). Elektroniska kopior av avhandlingar finns antingen öppet pĂ„ nĂ€tet eller endast tillgĂ€ngliga i bibliotekets avhandlingsterminaler.Finlandssvenska teckensprĂ„kiga döva utgör en minoritet inom en minoritet i flera avseenden, dels inom det finlĂ€ndska dövsamfundet och dels inom den finlandssvenska minoriteten. Syftet med avhandlingen Ă€r att beskriva och klarlĂ€gga aspekter som kan anses vara av betydelse för de finlandssvenska teckensprĂ„kiga dövas upplevelser av tillgĂ€nglighet och delaktighet i det finlĂ€ndska samhĂ€llet. Fenomenen tillgĂ€nglighet och delaktighet undersöks utifrĂ„n nationella och internationella dokument inom handikappomrĂ„det, samt internationell forskning som beskriver tillgĂ€nglighet och delaktighet i relation till döva. TvĂ„ teckensprĂ„kiga gruppintervjuer med sju informanter utfördes med en fenomenologisk-hermeneutisk forskningsansats. Intervjuerna utfördes med hjĂ€lp av teckensprĂ„kstolk och de videobandades. Tematiska frĂ„gor om kommunikation, samhĂ€lle, dövas vĂ€rld och finlandssvenska dövas roll stĂ€lldes. För undersökningen har bl.a. Hoyer 2000a, HedrĂ©n et al 2005, Ladd 2003, Londen 2004, Luukkainen 2008, Molin 2004, Murray et al 2007 och Young et al 2000 utgjort centrala kĂ€llor. Kommunikationens betydelse blir framtrĂ€dande i samspelet med andra livsvĂ€rldar. Den hörande vĂ€rlden och den döva vĂ€rlden har helt olika utgĂ„ngspunkter och följaktligen kom upplevelserna av tillgĂ€nglighet och delaktighet att formas dĂ€refter. En fungerande kommunikation, betydelsen av visuell information om vad som hĂ€nder i omvĂ€rlden, vilja och ansvar att informera hörande samt aspekten av att rymmas med i samhĂ€llet, var framtrĂ€dande i hörande vĂ€rlden. Medan modersmĂ„lets betydelse samt en gemensam visuell förstĂ„else var aspekter som karaktĂ€riserade upplevelserna i dövas vĂ€rld. Avhandlingen visar att ytterst Ă€r delaktighet en kĂ€nsla av att förstĂ„ och bli förstĂ„dd, dĂ€r mĂ„nga olika aspekter ingĂ„r och bildar ett överlappande komplext sammanhang. Det hĂ€r diskuteras inom ramen för Habermas 1988 teori om kommunikativt handlande. TillgĂ€nglighet Ă€r de redskap och verktyg som möjliggör delaktighet

    Fourth Graders’ Objectively Measured Week Long Physical Activity

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    We explored 10–11 year-old children’s moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) to describe how it is distributed within weekdays, weekend days, the segments of a schoolday and how it meets the global recommendation of ≄ 60 min daily MVPA. Participants were from two fourth classes (N = 33, 20 boys, 13 girls) in the city of Vantaa, capitol area of Finland. PA was measured using a Polar ActiveÂź (PAC) wrist-worn accelerometer. A diary supported the accelerometer data. Raw metabolic equivalent (MET) data from accelerometers were transmitted to computer, organized and uploaded to SPSS. We used MET-thresholds moderate PA (MPA) ≄ 3 < 6, vigorous (VPA) ≄ 6 and consequently moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) ≄ 3. Average daily MVPA was 92 min. Differences between weekdays and weekend days existed, but they were at least partly caused by the weather. Global recommendation was met by 21 %, more often by girls than boys. However, almost everyone met the recommendation ≄ 4 a week. Segments of the schoolday (lessons, long recesses, short recesses and lunch breaks) were physically quite active with 5, 12, 4 and 8 min, respectively. Hypothetically summed up schoolday accumulated 50 min MVPA. Boys accumulated quite systematically slightly more MVPA during schooldays and leisure time. Schooldays play an important role in children’s total MVPA and the current situation is decent. However, teacher educators, decision makers, school administration, principals, teachers and school staff should still aim at finding new ways of making the schooldays even more physically active.We explored 10–11 year-old children’s moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) to describe how it is distributed within weekdays, weekend days, the segments of a schoolday and how it meets the global recommendation of ≄ 60 min daily MVPA. Participants were from two fourth classes (N = 33; 20 boys, 13 girls) in the city of Vantaa, capitol area of Finland. PA was measured using a Polar ActiveÂź (PAC) wrist-worn accelerometer. A diary supported the accelerometer data. Raw metabolic equivalent (MET) data from accelerometers were transmitted to computer, organized and uploaded to SPSS. We used MET-thresholds moderate PA (MPA) ≄ 3 < 6, vigorous (VPA) ≄ 6 and consequently moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) ≄ 3. Average daily MVPA was 92 minutes. Differences between weekdays and weekend days existed, but they were at least partly caused by the weather. Global recommendation was met by 21%, more often by girls than boys. However, almost everyone met the recommendation ≄ 4 a week. In segments of the schoolday (lessons, long recesses, short recesses and lunch breaks) the children were physically quite active at 5, 12, 4 and 8 minutes, respectively. Hypothetically summed up, a schoolday accumulated 50 minutes MVPA. Boys accumulated quite systematically slightly more MVPA during schooldays and leisure time. Schooldays play an important role in children’s total MVPA and the current situation is decent. However, teacher educators, decision makers, school administration, principals, teachers and school staff should still aim at finding new ways of making schooldays even more physically active.Peer reviewe

    Palloilua monella kielelllÀ : Monikielisen urheilutoiminnan pieni kÀsikirja

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    Julkaistu myös ruotsiksi: "Bolla med flera sprÄk: en liten handbok för flersprÄkig idrottsverksamhet" (2018
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