The Relevance of Evolutionary Science For Economic Theory and Policy

NSF’s “Dear Colleague Letter” reflects the widely perceived need to go beyond current economic theory in the formulation of public policy. At the same time, there is a profound lack of unity among the disciplines that comprise the behavioral, social, and economic sciences. This white paper emphasizes the relevance of evolutionary science as a way to integrate the SBE sciences, similar to the integration that is more advanced in the biological sciences. Modern evolutionary science is broadly construed to include cultural in addition to biological evolution and the study of neural and psychological mechanisms (proximate causation) in addition to the environmental factors that brought the mechanisms into existence and result in the expression of specific behaviors (ultimate causation). It provides an exceptionally useful set of theoretical and empirical tools for integrating the many disciplines in the biological and SBE sciences required to formulate economic theory and public policy for the 21st century. The task of integration is already in progress and can be applied to the formulation of public policy without a long academic time lag. We therefore call for integration across disciplines and evolutionary science as an integrative framework to be recognized as a funding priority by NSF.

The Role of Schwartz Measures in Human Tri-Color Vision

The human tri-color vision process may be characterized as follows: 1. A requirement of three scalar quantities to fully define a color (for example, intensity, hue, and purity), with 2. These scalar measures linear in the intensity of the incident light, allowing in general any specific color to be duplicated by an additive mixture of light from three standardized (basis) colors, 3. The exception being that the spectral colors are unique, in that they cannot be duplicated by any positive mixture of other colors. These characteristics strongly suggest that human color vision makes use of Schwartz measures in processing color data. This hypothesis is subject to test. In this brief paper, the results of this hypothesis are shown to be in good agreement with measured data

Does Race Have An Influence on The Athletic Trainer-Coach Relationship

Introduction: Interpersonal relationships are the most frequent types of relationships individuals maintain on a daily basis. Rapport provides the foundation necessary to build positive interpersonal relationships, specifically, collegial relationships such as the relationship between the athletic trainer and coach. However, facilitators and barriers exist that may hinder relationships. Specifically, race appears to influence relationships, but to date, it appears race has not been examined in the athletic trainer-coach relationship. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the facilitators and barriers to building rapport in race-discordant athletic trainer-coach relationships and to examine the role race plays within the athletic trainer-coach relationship. Methods: A convenience sample of ten ethnic minority secondary school athletic trainers were interviewed via a semi-structured interview guide derived using the Gratch model. Purposeful sampling from the convenience sample was obtained through personal contacts, social networking, the Group Me app, and additional snowball sampling. Results: Seven themes were developed throughout the study, even a couple of themes had subthemes. Those seven themes were same race mutual understanding, cross-race mutual understanding, same race connectedness, same race communication, cross-race communication, same race barriers, and cross-race barriers. Further, the Gratch model is an appropriate assessment of facilitators for building rapport. However, a sequential approach (Communication-connectedness-mutual understanding) may be necessary for human-to-human rapport building.Conclusion: Facilitators of rapport building included positive communication, connectedness and mutual understanding was necessary regardless of race, which is consistent with the previous literature. Cognitive, emotional, and behavioralrapport are essential for a solid foundation in a positive relationship. Ineffective rapport sectors and various barriers (such as mis trust, being too comfortable, etc.) inhibit positive relationship building in the athletic trainer-coach relationship. Race within this relationship couldn’t be determined to be the sole barrier but may be a mitigating factor that intersects with the other facilitators and barriers that affect building a positive relationship between the coach and athletic trainer

Ultrasound by emergency physicians to detect abdominal aortic aneurysms: a UK case series

Early identification of abdominal aortic aneurysms in some patients can be difficult and the diagnosis is missed in up to 30% of patients. Ultrasound cannot be used to identify a leak, but the presence of an aneurysm in an unstable patient is conclusive. With minimal training emergency physicians can easily identify the aorta and thus in the early phase of resuscitation an aneurysm can be confidently excluded. The purpose of the examination is not to delineate the extent of the aneurysm, but to identify those patients that will need emergency surgery. A series of patients presented to the department in an unstable condition with equivocal abdominal signs. An ultrasound scan in the resuscitation room by members of the emergency department revealed an aneurysm, which was enough to convince the vascular surgeons to take the patient straight to theatre with good results. In patients who are stable, computed tomography will continue to be used to evaluate the extent of the aneurysm and identify a leak

Moving NRQCD for B Form Factors at High Recoil

We derive the continuum and lattice tree-level moving NRQCD (mNRQCD) through order 1/m^2. mNRQCD is a generalization of NRQCD for dealing with hadrons with nonzero velocity u_mu. The quark's total momentum is written as P^mu=Mu^mu+k^mu where k^mu << Mu^mu is discretized and Mu^mu is treated exactly. Radiative corrections to couplings on the lattice are discussed. mNRQCD is particularly useful for calculating B->pi and B->D form factors since errors are similar at low and high recoil.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure, Lattice2002(heavyquark