A global look at time: a 24-country study of the equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory

In this article, we assess the structural equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) across 26 samples from 24 countries (N = 12,200). The ZTPI is proven to be a valid and reliable index of individual differences in time perspective across five temporal categories: Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Fatalistic, Present Hedonistic, and Future. We obtained evidence for invariance of 36 items (out of 56) and also the five-factor structure of ZTPI across 23 countries. The short ZTPI scales are reliable for country-level analysis, whereas we recommend the use of the full scales for individual-level analysis. The short version of ZTPI will further promote integration of research in the time perspective domain in relation to many different psycho-social processes

Appartenance culturelle et flexibilité cognitive : effet de l’interaction sur la dépendance du champ. Etude comparative entre jeunes algériens et jeunes français d’origine algérienne

Cette recherche s’inscrit dans une perspective socio-culturelle du développement cognitif. Chez des jeunes Algériens et des jeunes Français d’origine algérienne. Nous avons cherché à cerner l’effet de l’interaction de l’appartenance culturelle et la flexibilité cognitive sur le développement de la dépendance/indépendance à l’égard du champ. Les résultats montrent qu’il existe des différences significatives en faveur des jeunes vivant en France en dépendance/indépendance à l’égard du champ, de même qu’en fonction de la flexibilité. Les scores de flexibilité cognitive chez les jeunes vivant en France sont élevés, cependant, l’effet de l’interaction « appartenance culturelle/flexibilité cognitive » sur la dépendance/indépendance à l’égard du champ demeure insignifiant. Des directions de recherche et des applications fondées sur ces résultats sont préconisées.This research is a social cultural perspective of cognitive development among young Algerians and French youth of Algerian origin. We have tried to pinpoint the international effect of cultural belonging and cognitive flexibility for the development of dependence/independence with reference to the field of action, besides the flexibility function. Flexibility cognitive scores are high among young people living in France, however the interaction effect ”Cultural belonging/cognitive flexibility” on dependence/ independence with reference to the field remains insignificant. Directions for this research and applications are recommended.Esta investigación se inscribe en una perspectiva socio-cultural del desarrollo cognitivo.Entre los jóvenes argelinos y los jóvenes franceses de origen argelino (n = 218), hemos tratados de determinar el efecto de la interacción de pertenencia cultural y la flexibilidad cognitiva en el desarrollo de la dependencia / independencia con respecto al campo.Los resultados muestran que existen diferencias significativas a favor de los jóvenes que viven en Francia dependencia / independencia de campo (t = 1,98, p <0,05), así como en función de la flexibilidad (t = 2,04, p <0,05) (t = 2,35, p <0,05). Las puntuaciones de flexibilidad cognitiva en los jóvenes que viven en Francia son altos, sin embargo, el efecto de la interacción "cultural / flexibilidad cognitiva" en la dependencia / independencia con respecto al campo sigue siendo insignificante.Se proponen direcciones de investigación y las aplicaciones basadas en estos resultados.تدخل هذه الدراسة في إطار الأبحاث السوسيو- الثقافية للتنمية الإدراكية. لقد حاولنا من خلالها الإحاطة بتأثير تداخل الانتماء الثقافي والمرونة الإدراكية على تنمية التبعية/الاستقلالية تجاه الحقل عند الشباب الجزائري والشباب الفرنسي ذو الأصول الجزائرية .(n = 218)أظهرت النتائج التي توصّلنا إليها أن هناك اختلافات على مستوى الدلالة عند الشباب القاطن بفرنسا فيما يتعلّق بتنمية التبعية/الاستقلالية تجاه الحقل (t =1.98, p ‹0,05)، والنتيجة نفسها بالنسبة للمرونة الإدراكية ((t =2,04, p ‹ 0,05، (t =2,35, p ‹ 0,05). فمعدلات المرونة الإدراكية عند الشباب الفرنسي ذي الأصول الجزائرية مرتفعة مقارنة بنتائج تأثير التداخل "انتماء ثقافي/مرونة إداركية" و"التبعية/الاستقلالية تجاه الحقل" التي لا تشير إلى دلالات تذكر. كما نشير إلى أنّه من الأهمية بمكان الاعتماد على مثل هذه الدراسات فيما يتعلّق بالتوجهات والتطبيقات المستقبلية ذات العلاقة بهذا الموضوع

A global look at time: a 24-country study of the equivalence of the Zimbardo time perspective inventory

In this article, we assess the structural equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) across 26 samples from 24 countries (N = 12,200). The ZTPI is proven to be a valid and reliable index of individual differences in time perspective across five temporal categories: Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Fatalistic, Present Hedonistic, and Future. We obtained evidence for invariance of 36 items (out of 56) and also the five-factor structure of ZTPI across 23 countries. The short ZTPI scales are reliable for country-level analysis, whereas we recommend the use of the full scales for individual-level analysis. The short version of ZTPI will further promote integration of research in the time perspective domain in relation to many different psycho-social processes

Time perspective profiles of cultures

This chapter summarises some results of the International Time Perspective Research Project, which is a collaborative cross-cultural study of time perspective carried out in 24 countries. The highlights of structural equivalence assessment study are presented, showing the cross-cultural invariance of 36 items of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) scale. The associations between country-level ZTPI scores and other culture-level indicators, including the Human Development Index and Hofstede cultural dimensions, are presented and discussed. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, five distinct profiles of time perspective were found (future-oriented, present-oriented, balanced, moderately fatalistic, and negative), and significant differences in the prevalence of these profiles across cultures were found. Implications and perspectives for future research are discussed

A global look at time: a 24-country study of the Equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory

In this article, we assess the structural equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) across 26 samples from 24 countries (N = 12,200). The ZTPI is proven to be a valid and reliable index of individual differences in time perspective across five temporal categories: Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Fatalistic, Present Hedonistic, and Future. We obtained evidence for invariance of 36 items (out of 56) and also the five-factor structure of ZTPI across 23 countries. The short ZTPI scales are reliable for country-level analysis, whereas we recommend the use of the full scales for individual-level analysis. The short version of ZTPI will further promote integration of research in the time perspective domain in relation to many different psycho-social processes

A Global Look at Time

International audienc