Failure of single-parameter scaling of wave functions in Anderson localization

We show how to use properties of the vectors which are iterated in the transfer-matrix approach to Anderson localization, in order to generate the statistical distribution of electronic wavefunction amplitudes at arbitary distances from the origin of $L^{d-1} \times \infty$ disordered systems. For $d=1$ our approach is shown to reproduce exact diagonalization results available in the literature. In $d=2$, where strips of width $L \leq 64$ sites were used, attempted fits of gaussian (log-normal) forms to the wavefunction amplitude distributions result in effective localization lengths growing with distance, contrary to the prediction from single-parameter scaling theory. We also show that the distributions possess a negative skewness $S$, which is invariant under the usual histogram-collapse rescaling, and whose absolute value increases with distance. We find $0.15 \lesssim -S \lesssim 0.30$ for the range of parameters used in our study, .Comment: RevTeX 4, 6 pages, 4 eps figures. Phys. Rev. B (final version, to be published

Randomized controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of a videotape about radiotherapy

In a randomized controlled trial, the additional provision of information on videotape was no more effective than written information alone in reducing pre-treatment worry about radiotherapy. Images of surviving cancer patients, however, may provide further reassurance to patients once therapy is completed. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.co

Spectral Density of the QCD Dirac Operator near Zero Virtuality

We investigate the spectral properties of a random matrix model, which in the large $N$ limit, embodies the essentials of the QCD partition function at low energy. The exact spectral density and its pair correlation function are derived for an arbitrary number of flavors and zero topological charge. Their microscopic limit provide the master formulae for sum rules for the inverse powers of the eigenvalues of the QCD Dirac operator as recently discussed by Leutwyler and Smilga.Comment: 9 pages + 1 figure, SUNY-NTG-93/

Environmental and occupational interventions for primary prevention of cancer: A cross-sectorial policy framework

Background: Nearly 13 million new cancer cases and 7.6 million cancer deaths occur worldwide each year; 63% of cancer deaths occur in low and middle-income countries. A substantial proportion of all cancers are attributable to carcinogenic exposures in the environment and the workplace. Objective: We aimed to develop an evidence-based global vision and strategy for the primary prevention of environmental and occupational cancer. Methods: We identified relevant studies through PubMed by using combinations of the search terms "environmental," "occupational," "exposure," "cancer," "primary prevention," and "interventions." To supplement the literature review, we convened an international conference titled "Environmental and Occupational Determinants of Cancer: Interventions for Primary Prevention" under the auspices of the World Health Organization, in Asturias, Spain, on 17-18 March 2011. Discussion: Many cancers of environmental and occupational origin could be prevented. Prevention is most effectively achieved through primary prevention policies that reduce or eliminate involuntary exposures to proven and probable carcinogens. Such strategies can be implemented in a straightforward and cost-effective way based on current knowledge, and they have the added benefit of synergistically reducing risks for other noncommunicable diseases by reducing exposures to shared risk factors. Conclusions: Opportunities exist to revitalize comprehensive global cancer control policies by incorporating primary interventions against environmental and occupational carcinogens

Spectral Properties of Three Dimensional Layered Quantum Hall Systems

We investigate the spectral statistics of a network model for a three dimensional layered quantum Hall system numerically. The scaling of the quantity $J_0={1/2}$ is used to determine the critical exponent $\nu$ for several interlayer coupling strengths. Furthermore, we determine the level spacing distribution $P(s)$ as well as the spectral compressibility $\chi$ at criticality. We show that the tail of $P(s)$ decays as $\exp(-\kappa s)$ with $\kappa=1/(2\chi)$ and also numerically verify the equation $\chi=(d-D_2)/(2d)$, where $D_2$ is the correlation dimension and $d=3$ the spatial dimension.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jp