385 research outputs found
Social cognition, impulsivity, and emotion regulation factors in aggressive behavior among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) exhibit greater levels of aggressive behavior than their typically developing peers, often resulting in impairment in social and family functioning. Aggressive behavior is often differentiated into two functions: reactive, or “hot-blooded” and proactive, or “cold-blooded” aggression. Prior research has identified several factors contributing to aggressive behavior within a general population, including emotion dysregulation, negative urgency, social information processing (SIP), and parenting behaviors. A paucity of research has examined these factors within an ADHD population. Thus, the present study aimed to examine social, emotional, behavioral, and cognitive factors associated with aggression among children with ADHD. Specifically, the present study investigated the independent and combined roles of emotion dysregulation and negative urgency in reactive aggression as well as the independent and interactive roles of SIP and parenting behaviors in proactive aggression. Participants included 28 children with ADHD and their parents. Participants, their parents, and their teachers completed questionnaires to assess emotion dysregulation, negative urgency, aggressive behavior, and parenting behaviors. Parents completed a diagnostic interview to confirm ADHD diagnostic status. Children completed one task to assess aggression and responded to social vignettes to assess social information processing. Of note, the data collection was prematurely discontinued due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic; therefore, results of the present study should be interpreted with caution due to low power. Hypothesis 1 was partially supported, such that emotion dysregulation significantly estimated reactive aggression regardless of reporter. Further, negative urgency significantly estimated reactive aggression when reported by parents, but not by teachers. Contrary to hypothesis 2, SIP did not significantly estimate proactive aggression, and no interaction between SIP and parenting behaviors was observed. However, inconsistent discipline did significantly estimate proactive aggression suggesting learning history and environment play an important role in proactive aggression. Finally, contrary to hypothesis 3, no indirect effect of emotion dysregulation on reactive aggression through negative urgency were observed; however, these results are inconclusive due to low power. Findings of the present results have significant implications for the way in which aggression is conceptualized, as well as clinical implications for the treatment of aggressive behavior among children with ADHD
The economic and innovation contribution of universities: a regional perspective
Universities and other higher education institutions (HEIs) have come to be regarded as key sources of knowledge utilisable in the pursuit of economic growth. Although there have been numerous studies assessing the economic and innovation impact of HEIs, there has been little systematic analysis of differences in the relative contribution of HEIs across regions. This paper provides an exploration of some of these differences in the context of the UK’s regions. Significant differences are found in the wealth generated by universities according to regional location and type of institution. Universities in more competitive regions are generally more productive than those located in less competitive regions. Also, traditional universities are generally more productive than their newer counterparts, with university productivity positively related to knowledge commercialisation capabilities. Weaker regions tend to be more dependent on their universities for income and innovation, but often these universities under-perform in comparison to counterpart institutions in more competitive regions. It is argued that uncompetitive regions lack the additional knowledge infrastructure, besides universities, that are more commonly a feature of more competitive regions
An academic challenge to the entrepreneurial university: the spatial power of the ‘Slow Swimming Club’
© 2018 Society for Research into Higher Education. The entrepreneurial university is a vague notion that has evolved by applying the concepts of enterprise and entrepreneurship to a university context. The blurring of enterprise with entrepreneurship has allowed the entrepreneurial university to be increasingly underpinned by a managerialist discourse, typified by functionalisation and marketisation; culminating in academic disempowerment, dissatisfaction and subsequent disengagement. In response to such dissatisfaction, this paper reflects on a playful space, called the Slow Swimming Club (SSC), produced by several academics. The research takes a collective auto-ethnographic approach and employs Foucault’s heterotopology, as a conceptual frame, to understand the collective impact of this SSC entrepreneuring space. We relate the disconnection of the SSC to the process of critically connecting academics, back to their universities and consider whether such academic resistance, rooted in play, corporeal sensibility and emancipation, has the potential to enact social change and enhance entrepreneurial potential
Search for Narrow Diphoton Resonances and for gamma-gamma+W/Z Signatures in p\bar p Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV
We present results of searches for diphoton resonances produced both
inclusively and also in association with a vector boson (W or Z) using 100
pb^{-1} of p\bar p collisions using the CDF detector. We set upper limits on
the product of cross section times branching ratio for both p\bar
p\to\gamma\gamma + X and p\bar p\to\gamma\gamma + W/Z. Comparing the inclusive
production to the expectations from heavy sgoldstinos we derive limits on the
supersymmetry-breaking scale sqrt{F} in the TeV range, depending on the
sgoldstino mass and the choice of other parameters. Also, using a NLO
prediction for the associated production of a Higgs boson with a W or Z boson,
we set an upper limit on the branching ratio for H\to\gamma\gamma. Finally, we
set a lower limit on the mass of a `bosophilic' Higgs boson (e.g. one which
couples only to \gamma, W, and Z$ bosons with standard model couplings) of 82
GeV/c^2 at 95% confidence level.Comment: 30 pages, 11 figure
Production of Y(1S) Mesons from chib Decays in pp(bar) Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV
We have reconstructed the radiative decays and in collisions
at TeV, and measured the fraction of mesons
that originate from these decays. For mesons with
GeV/, the fractions that come from and
decays are and
, respectively. We have derived the fraction of
directly produced mesons to be .Comment: 13 Pages, 2 figure
Measurement of J/Psi and Psi(2S) Polarization in ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV
We have measured the polarization of J/Psi and Psi(2S) mesons produced in
p\bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV, using data collected at CDF during
1992-95.
The polarization of promptly produced J/Psi [Psi(2S)] mesons is isolated from
those produced in B-hadron decay, and measured over the kinematic range 4[5.5]
< P_T < 20 GeV/c and |y| < 0.6. For P_T \gessim 12 GeV/c we do not observe
significant polarization in the prompt component.Comment: Revised version, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter
Limits on Gravitino Production and New Processes with Large Missing Transverse Energy in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV
Events collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) with an energetic
jet plus large missing transverse energy can be used to search for physics
beyond the Standard Model. We see no deviations from the expected background
and set upper limits on the production of new processes. We consider in
addition the production of light gravitinos within the framework of the Gauge
Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking models and set a limit at 95% confidence level
on the breaking scale sqrt(F) >= 217 GeV, which excludes gravitino masses
smaller than 1.1x10^-5 eV/c^2.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letter
Measurement of the Helicity of W Bosons in Top Quark Decays
We use the transverse momentum spectrum of leptons in the decay chain t-->bW
with W-->l nu to measure the helicity of the W bosons in the top quark rest
frame. Our measurement uses a ttbar sample isolated in 106 +/- 4 inverse
picobarns of data collected in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV with the CDF
detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. Assuming a standard V--A weak decay, we find
that the fraction of W's with zero helicity in the top rest frame is F_0 = 0.91
+/- 0.37 (stat) +/- 0.13 (syst), consistent with the standard model prediction
of F_0=0.70 for a top mass of 175 GeV/c**2.Comment: Submitted to PRL. 8 pages, 2 figure
Search for a Fourth-Generation Quark More Massive than the Z0 Boson in ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.8 TeV
We present the results of a search for pair production of a fourth-generation
charge -1/3 quark (b') in sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV ppbar collisions using 88 pb^(-1) of
data obtained with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We assume that both
quarks decay via the flavor-changing neutral current process b' -> bZ and that
the b' mass is greater than m_Z + m_b. We studied the decay mode b'b'bar -> ZZ
b bbar where one Z0 decays into e^+e^- or mu^+ mu^- and the other decays
hadronically, giving a signature of two leptons plus jets. An upper limit on
the cross section of ppbar -> b'b'bar times [BR (b' -> bZ)]^2 is established as
a function of the b' mass. We exclude at 95% confidence level a b' quark with
mass between 100 and 199 GeV/c^2 for BR(b' -> bZ) = 100%.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Letters on 9/12/9
Measurement of Rapidity Distribution for High Mass Drell-Yan ee Pairs at CDF
We report on the first measurement of the rapidity distribution dsigma/dy
over nearly the entire kinematic region of rapidity for e^+e^- pairs in the
Z-boson region of 66116 GeV/c^2.
The data sample consists of 108 pb^{-1} of ppbar collisions at \sqrt{s}=1.8 TeV
taken by the Collider Detector at Fermilab during 1992--1995. The total cross
section in the -boson region is measured to be 252 +- 11 pb. The measured
total cross section and d\sigma/dy are compared with quantum chromodynamics
calculations in leading and higher orders.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letter
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