Мультипарадигмальний підхід до аналізу феномену нігілізму

У статті розглянуто нігілізм як неоднозначне й поліморфне поняття. Досліджено різні підходи до тлумачення та розв’язання питань, пов’язаних із нігілізмом. Розкрито людиномірність нігілізму в контексті відстеження варіативного смислового навантаження феномену. Встановлено, що нігілізм потрібно позиціонувати як спосіб пробудження людського духу, заперечення деструктивного конформізму й відсутності опору (пасивний песимізм).В статье рассмотрен нигилизм как неоднозначное и полиморфное понятие. Исследованы различные подходы к толкованию и решению вопросов, связанных с нигилизмом. Раскрыта человекомерность нигилизма в контексте отслеживания вариативной смысловой нагрузки феномена. Установлено, что нигилизм нужно позиционировать как способ пробуждения человеческого духа, отрицание деструктивного конформизма и отсутствия сопротивления (пассивный пессимизм).Nihilism is considered as ambiguous and polymorphic concept. Different approaches to the interpretation and solution of issues associated with nihilism are investigated. Human measurement of nihilism in the context of tracking meaning of varied semantic capacity of the phenomenon is revealed. It is determined that nihilism must be positioned as a way of awakening of the human spirit, denial of destructive conformism and absence of resistance (passive pessimism)

Looking beyond cilia in renal ciliopathies

In this work, I have investigated the group of inherited diseases called “ciliopathies”, involving defects in proteins localizing to the cilium or associated complexes and pathways. The main focus of this thesis was to unravel molecular and cell biological mechanisms playing a role in ciliopathy development. The first symptoms of ciliopathies are visible at a young age, sometimes even before birth; besides developmental anomalies, tissue degeneration takes place at early-onset, and often affects the kidneys of these young patients. Since renal degeneration including fibrosis and cyst growth rapidly leads to renal end-stage disease, usually before the age of 20, the patients require a donor kidney or dialysis until transplantation can be arranged. This thesis describes several novel aspects of the renal ciliopathy field: (1) Optimizing new sources of patient cells to model ciliopathies ex vivo; (2) Identification of new ion channel genes which affect renal cilia; (3) The mechanism of disease involving both ciliary and nuclear functions of ciliopathy gene products, supplying a novel layer to the disease mechanism, and (4) Potential solutions to target renal cysts and fibrosis development to slow down disease progression and postpone kidney transplantation. The model that loss of ciliary structure or function leads to ciliopathies appears to be an oversimplified model. From the work presented in this thesis we can conclude that there is another layer to the disease mechanism. We propose that upstream events could play a role in tissue degeneration, initiated by replication stress and DNA damage response signalling. Whether replication stress is underlying all renal or extra-renal manifestations of ciliopathies remains to be investigated. Differences in extra-ciliary protein functions among the NPHP proteins might be at least part of the explanation why the different ciliopathies have different clinical manifestations. In addition, the extent of ciliary and nuclear dysfunction could be related to the variability between ciliopathies. The ciliary research field is rapidly evolving, with new genes, new signalling networks and new ciliopathies being identified, implicating the importance of proper functioning of the primary cilium and highlights the need for therapeutic intervention. Collaborations between clinicians, molecular biologists and bioinformaticians are required to examine the complexity of the cilium in the future to obtain a better understanding of ciliopathies, with as ultimate goal to define treatment strategies. Looking beyond the cilium and focusing on alternative mechanisms of disease etiology is opening an exciting new chapter for ‘ciliopathy’ research

Environmental Influences on Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Developing Implanted Cardiovascular Tissue-Engineered Grafts

Therapeutic cell differentiatio