People’s Pavilion

https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/bcs/1404/thumbnail.jp

People’s Pavilion

https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/bcs/1448/thumbnail.jp

Understanding the Motivations of Consumer Knowledge Sharing in Online Community

Today’s advanced web-based technologies create expanded opportunities for collaboration and customer knowledge sharing. However, research on customer knowledge sharing in web-based communication remains new. This study aims at proposing a theoretical framework for understanding customer sharing behaviors, which we define as voluntary acts of contributions by providing information or sharing experiences, from a motivational perspective. Our focus is on why people are motivated to make contributions in online community where contributions occur primarily through internet and communication technologies. We apply Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (the motivation theory) to explore how individual motivations influence customer knowledge sharing in online community. Particularly, customer knowledge sharing is modeled as a response to varied motivations. These motivations are proposed to be influenced by the availability of reputation systems. Given the importance of global knowledge sharing in today’s world, we expect the research findings can be useful for outlining some generic guidelines for promoting customer knowledge sharing in online community

Evaluating the impact of AMPK activation, a target of metformin, on risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancer in the UK Biobank: A Mendelian randomization study

Aims/hypothesis: Whether metformin reduces cardiovascular or cancer risk is unclear owing to concerns over immortal time bias and confounding in observational studies. This study evaluated the effect of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), the target of metformin, on risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Methods: This is a Mendelian randomisation design, using AMPK, the pharmacological target of metformin, to infer the AMPK pathway-dependent effects of metformin on risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer in participants of white British ancestry in the UK Biobank. Results: A total of 391,199 participants were included (mean age 56.9 years; 54.1% women), including 26,690 cases of type 2 diabetes, 38,098 cases of coronary artery disease and 80,941 cases of overall cancer. Genetically predicted reduction in HbA1c (%) instrumented by AMPK variants was associated with a 61% reduction in risk of type 2 diabetes (OR 0.39; 95% CI 0.20, 0.78; p = 7.69 × 10−3), a 53% decrease in the risk of coronary artery disease (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.26, 0.84; p = 0.01) and a 44% decrease in the risk of overall cancer (OR 0.56; 95% CI 0.36, 0.85; p = 7.23 × 10−3). Results were similar using median or quartiles of AMPK score, with dose–response effects (p for trend = 4.18 × 10−3 for type 2 diabetes, 4.37 × 10−3 for coronary artery disease and 4.04 × 10−3 for overall cancer). Conclusions/interpretation: This study provides some genetic evidence that AMPK activation by metformin may protect against cardiovascular disease and cancer, which needs to be confirmed by randomised controlled trials

Clinical Comparison of Flowable Composite to Other Fissure Sealing Materials – A 12 Months Study

The subject of the study was the clinical analysis of six different sealing materials over a 12-months period. It was neccesary to prove the clinical success of sealing with flowable composite with the use of adhesive system and preventing effect of sealants on caries developement. Our study included children aged from 6 to 15, and we sealed 326 teeth with materials from the group of flowable composites in combination with adhesive system (Admira Bond+Admira Flow, Excite+ Tetric Flow) and other sealing resins (Teethmate F1, Admira Seal, Helioseal Clear Chroma, Fissurit FX). Over a 12-months period, the total retention was 83.3% (Tetric Flow), 81.5% (Admira Seal), 81.5% (Fissurit FX), 76.4% (Teethmate F1), 75.9% (Helioseal Clear Chroma) and 74.6% (Admira Flow). Only 5 molars (1.5%) developed clinical caries, so fissure sealing has showed to be an excelent prevention of occlusal caries. Flowable composites used with adhesive system are equal to other sealing materials. Sealing materials show great and durable preventive effect against caries development in the fissure system. Since there are many different sealing materials, adhesives, flowable composites on the market and many different pretreatments of the enamel, future studies are necessary and should have an aim to investigate the best technique and material for fissure sealing

Identifikasi Jenis Hama Tanaman Damar (Agathis Alba) di Hutan Lindung Sirimau Kota Ambon Provinsi Maluku

Efforts to save the forest should be done to avoid forest damage by pests. This aim of this study was determine the type of pest and area of attack on the resin stand (Agathis alba) in conservation forest Sirimau, Maluku Province by used of survey method. The results of the study found that pests that destroy dammar in conservation forest Sirimau are leaf-eating pest (Valanga nigricormis) and stem borer (Massicus scapulatus). The damage caused by Valanga nigricormis at the seedling level was 92%, the weaning level was 72%, and the pole level was 64%. The damage caused by Massicus scapulatus at the tree level was 60%. The extent of attack of both types of pests was categorized as heavy to very heavy

Randomized strategies and prospect theory in a dynamic context

When prospect theory (PT) is applied in a dynamic context, the probability weighting component brings new challenges. We study PT agents facing optimal timing decisions and consider the impact of allowing them to follow randomized strategies. In a continuous-time model of gambling and optimal stopping, Ebert and Strack (2015) show that a naive PT investor with access only to pure strategies $\textit{never}$ stops. We show that allowing randomization can significantly alter the predictions of their model, and can result in voluntary cessation of gambling