Preliminary studies of the effectiveness of water jet cutting on frozen ground

Cutting of artificially frozen gravel and ice was performed under laboratory conditions at pressures ranging from 3000 to 15000 psi (20.7 to 103.5 MPa) and flow rates below 4 gpm (0.24 L/s). During the second stage of this preliminary study additional cutting and "drilling" were conducted in the permafrost tunnel at Fox, at pressures ranging from 2000 to 4400 psi (13.8 to 30.4 MPa) and flow rate up to 40 gpm (2.4 L/s). The erodability of the material (energy required to remove a unit volume of material) was calculated and used as a basis for finding the optimum conditions for frozen gravel disintegration. Recommendations for further studies are also included.Foreword -- Table of Contents -- Abstract -- 1.0 Introduction -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Literature -- 2.0 Laboratory studies on artificially frozen gravel and ice -- 2.1 Description of material tested -- 2.2 Sample preparation -- 2.3 Equipment used -- 2.4 Test procedures -- 2.5 Range of parameters tested -- 2.6 Test results -- 2.7 Conclusions regarding laboratory jet cutting tests -- 3.0 High pressure water jet field studies -- 3.1 Test facility description -- 3.2 Testing program -- 3.3 Test results -- 3.4 Analysis of data and observation -- 4.0 Conclusions and recommendations -- List of figures -- List of references -- List of tables

Like fruits of the Bible tree : moral status of metropolises

Autor artykułu rozważa moralną atmosferę wobec metropolii obecną w pracach wybranych intelektualistów. Szkicuje katastrofizm Spenglera, a następnie teorię globalnego społeczeństwa sieci Castellsa. Szczególnie pozytywny materiał znajduje w pracy amerykańskiego filozofa z pochodzenia z Ghany — Kwame Appiaha. Na końcu formułuje własną próbę, w której rozważa moralny status metropolii w najwyższych kategoriach etycznych

Applicability of siberian placer mining technology to Alaska

The result of Perestroyka and Glasnost has been an awakening of potential for cooperation between East and West. Nowhere has that been better demonstrated than between Alaska and Magadan Province, USSR. This report summarizes a one year effort financed by ASTF, with participation from several technical organizations, to establish contacts with the Siberian placer mining industry. The purpose of the project was to provide initial assessment of the Soviet technology for placer mining in permafrost. A ten day trip to Magadan province by an ASTF team and a similar length visit to Alaska by the Soviet mining group representing the All Union Scientific and Research Institute of Gold and Rare Metals, (VNII-I), Magadan are described. The report also reviews translated data on mining in permafrost and describes surface and underground placer mining technology developed by the Soviets. The report also lists relevant publications on Soviet mining research and state of the art Soviet mining technology and expertise

Porozumienie czy kontaktowanie się?

W niezwykle interesującym poznawczo, zwłaszcza dla odbiorców spoza Śląska i tych stąd, ale nieznających gwary, artykule o niewspółmierności leksykalnej między gwarą i językiem ogólnym Helena Synowiec analizowała trudności w porozumiewaniu się polszczyzną ogólną dzieci, których językiem pierwszym jest śląska odmiana gwarowa polszczyzny. Po ponad dwudziestu latach od tamtych rozważań chcę wrócić do zagadnienia porozumiewania się i rozumienia wyrazów inaczej zgoła od obecnego w nowym demokratycznym kontekście kulturowym, w nowym otoczeniu technologicznym i w nowej kulturze komunikowania. Wspólne są tylko: młodzież, jakość komunikacji, poziom świadomości przemian kulturowych wśród edukatorów i zadania edukacji polonistycznej (humanistycznej). Tytułowa opozycja tego tekstu nie jest jedynie opozycją gramatycznych form. Jest opozycją możliwych postaw wobec językowych kontaktów z drugim człowiekiem, wydaje się określeniem ważnej tendencji w komunikacji młodego pokolenia

High-resolution modal analysis

Usual modal analysis techniques are based on the Fourier transform. Due to the Delta T . Delta f limitation, they perform poorly when the modal overlap mu exceeds 30%. A technique based on a high-resolution analysis algorithm and an order-detection method is presented here, with the aim of filling the gap between the low- and the high-frequency domains (30%<mu<100%). A pseudo-impulse force is applied at points of interests of a structure and the response is measured at a given point. For each pair of measurements, the impulse response of the structure is retrieved by deconvolving the pseudo-impulse force and filtering the response with the result. Following conditioning treatments, the reconstructed impulse response is analysed in different frequency-bands. In each frequency-band, the number of modes is evaluated, the frequencies and damping factors are estimated, and the complex amplitudes are finally extracted. As examples of application, the separation of the twin modes of a square plate and the partial modal analyses of aluminium plates up to a modal overlap of 70% are presented. Results measured with this new method and those calculated with an improved Rayleigh method match closely

Leksyka wspólnoodmianowa? : spojrzenie pragmalingwistyczne

The present article focuses upon the description of two important directions of changes observable in linguistic behaviors of contemporary Poles. The first direction leads from colloquialness (also expressive, heavily marked colloquialness) towards neutrality. Similarly. the second direction leads to generality and neutrality, but the departure point of the process is professionalism and saturation with terminology. Consequently, on the one hand, such an evolution brings about the increase in the occurrence of marked lexis on public communication. which, in turn, triggers neutralization of the original markedness. On the other hand, it results in the influx of specialized lexis into the language of everyday communication. The contemporary reality is becoming more and more professionally marked. Thus, the scope of the so-called cross-variety lexis becomes increasingly extensive - and hence also the limits of individual varieties of language become blurred

Autorytet i pasja : Profesor Władysław Lubaś i początki katowickiej szkoły socjolingwistycznej

The article shows the preliminary stage of a research work – pioneering at that time – on the city language as well as of the formation of sociolinguistic methods to describe the contemporary oral Polish; it gives the account of a group of linguists based in Katowice the leading figure of which was Władysław Lubaś – his intellectual passion and undisputed scholarly authority gave rise to the Katowice school of socioliguistics

Władysław Lubaś : polonista i slawista

Artykuł pokazuje całość dorobku naukowego profesora Lubasia od kształtowania się metod socjolingwistycznego opisu polszczyzny mówionej w badaniach prowadzonych na Uniwersytecie Śląskim w Katowicach przez socjolingwistyczne osiągnięcia slawistyczne - wskazanie dróg badawczych słowiańskiej socjolingwistyki.. Obraz postaci wielkiego uczonego dopełnia bibliografia jego prac.Skudrzyk A., 2019, w: My z Nich 3. Spuścizna językoznawców polskich drugiej połowy XX wieku, Władysław Lubaś – polonista i slawista, red. Z. Greń, K. Kleszczowa, Z. Zaron, s. 145-155

Catholic Poland in Secular Europe

An opposition catholic Poland versus secular Europe is thought to be an opposition a deep culture, more close to metaphysical Truth versus superficial culture. The Author considers legitimacy of the term catholic Poland and first of all he considers if it is right to think secular culture is metaphysically superficial. The Author examines catholic and secular cultures how far open they are. He treats an openness as a fundamental feature of high culture