Assessment of the functional state of the cardiovascular system of students during a mountain hiking trip

Background and Study Aim. In the conditions of hiking trip, a particularly important role is played by the high adaptive abilities of the body, based on the reactivity and lability of functional systems. Of particular importance is the assessment of the functional state of the cardiovascular system of students when participating in a mountain hike. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of physical activity on the state of the cardiovascular system of students in the process of overcoming a mountain hiking trip. Material and Methods. The study involved 30 students aged 18-22 years old who were involved in various sports at the amateur level. The hiking trip lasted six days and covered 114 km. Canyon SportMaster hand-held heart rate monitors were used to determine the power of the students' cardiovascular system. When overcoming climbs during a mountain hike, the rate of heart rate recovery after physical activity was determined (heart rate indicators were recorded before the climb, at the end of the climb, and two minutes after the climb). Results. Analysis of the data obtained showed that the power of the cardiovascular system changed during the hiking trip. The third day turned out to be the most difficult day; the level of power of the cardiovascular system on this day was 76% of the maximum. In all subsequent days, the tourists’ cardiovascular system coped with the stress much better. The indicators obtained on the last day of the hike indicate the adaptive changes that occurred in the athletes’ bodies. Conclusions. It was found that on the first day of the hike the cardiovascular system worked at a sufficient level. In the next two days, there was a decrease in recovery rates and a deterioration in the performance of the cardiovascular system. This is explained by fatigue after the first day, and the fact that the body has not yet had time to work and adapt to unusual loads. Analysis of the last three days of the hike clearly indicates that the body systems have adapted to the stress and environment. Heart rate recovery indicators went up sharply, and the heart rate system worked at only 65% of maximum power. Also, important factors that also need to be taken into account: the weight of the backpacks, the length of the distance, weather conditions, temperature conditions, the psychological atmosphere in the group, equipment, etc

Historical Retrospective of the Development of Scientific Approaches to Health-Saving Activity in Society

Prerequisites For many representatives of the pedagogical science the study of historical and pedagogical sources, as well as issues of formation, strengthening and preservation of the child’s health became the object of scientific analysis long ago. Scientists of the past tried to substantiate the theoretical and methodological features of the child’s health protection in a combination with mental development and physical education, emphasized the importance of teaching the child in accordance with his/her age, mental and physical abilities. In these circumstances, the problem of qualitative training of future teachers who are ready for education and the formation of a healthy lifestyle which will ensure the harmonious development of each child’s personality, as well as outline the main approaches to the implementation of health-saving technologies in education, is becoming of special urgency. The article deals with the genesis of historical approaches and also analyses the main tendencies in the development of scientific views on health-saving activities, the identification and substantiation of the main stages in the development of theoretical concepts of preserving human health, the attitude of society towards the problems of health protection, which reflect the dynamic manifestation of universal values and needs. Methods Regarding the genesis of historical approaches, as well as analysis of the main tendencies in the development of scientific views on the health protection, a set of methods was used: theoretical methods: a comparative analysis of psychological, pedagogical, philosophical and health-saving literature to generalize scientific facts regarding the development of health-saving activities in society; retrospective analysis, scientific reflection to form a holistic view of the phenomenon of health protection; empirical methods: diagnostic (sociological observations). Results Results consist in the analysis of the main tendencies in the development of scientific views on the health protection and health-saving activities, the identification and substantiation of the main stages of the formation of theoretical concepts of human health protection in general, and child’s in particular, the attitude of society to the problems of health protection that reflect the dynamic manifestation of universal values and needs. Conclusions The main tendencies in the development of scientific views on the health protection and health-saving activity have been studied and analysed, the main stages in the development formation of theoretical concepts of health protection have been identified and substantiated. This article does not exhaust all aspects of the problem under consideration and actualizes the need for increased attention to further fundamental research, theoretical developments and practices of historical heritage, the implementation of the most advanced health-saving technologies in education

The Impact of Yoga Practice on the Development of Flexibility among the Female Student’s Pedagogical Specialties in the Process of Physical Training of Higher Educational Institutions

Annotation. The purpose is to define an efficient impact of the specifically formed activities through Yoga practice on the development of flexibility among the female student’s in the process of physical training of higher educational institutions. Material. 96 female students have been participated in the pedagogical experiment. The research has been conducted during the one academic semester. The impact of Yoga practice on the indicator of flexibility was assessed at the end of the pedagogical experiment. The state of its development before and after the experiment was determined and compared. Results of the research. The results of the pedagogical experiment confirmed the successful influence of the offered activities through Yoga practice on the development of flexibility. It has been established that the systematic Yoga practicing contributes to the best manifestation of this physical quality. It has been proved that the use of Yoga practice has improved the flexibility indicators of the experimental group more in comparison with the control group. Conclusions. Practicing Yoga has positively impacted on the development of flexibility among female students. Whereas this quality is one of the indicators for assessing the physical condition of the graduates (18-20 years), it is expedient to include Yoga practicing in the curriculum of physical education for students of higher educational institutions and introduce this method of flexibility development in the process of physical education

Individual Determinants as the Causes of Failure in Learning to Swim with the Example of 10-Year-Old Children

The purpose of the present study was to identify which, and to what extent, selected individual determinants of 10-year-old children may limit the final achievement in learning to swim. In view of the above, the research hypothesis was formulated that some children, despite regular attendance at swimming classes, do not achieve the learning outcomes set in the curriculum. The reason for this may be unfavorable (compared to their peers) morphological and functional characteristics, coordination motor abilities, and problems with fear of water. Methods: The study was conducted on a group of 271 students from the third grade of elementary schools who could not swim when they entered the physical education classes at the swimming pool and then participated in at least 25 swimming lessons during the school year. After these classes, the students performed swimming tests, and their somatic and functional characteristics and coordination motor abilities were measured. Results: In 46.1% of the participants, the final achievement level was lower than assumed in the school curriculum. The biggest problem for teachers and students in the initial teaching and learning to swim was the high fear of water, especially among girls. Furthermore, children characterized by lower body height and body weight, a lower sum of three skinfolds, and lower BMI had problems with progress in swimming. Despite the differences, these values did not correlate significantly with the final achievement level in swimming, except for body height in boys. Slower progress in swimming was also associated with lower vital capacity, whereas no relationship was found between final achievement level in swimming and trunk flexibility or foot mobility. However, significant correlations occurred for coordination motor abilities, as in almost all tests the participants characterized by the achievement level below the objectives set out in the curriculum performed significantly worse than children in the group with the achievement level meeting the objectives. Conclusions: In many cases, children who begin learning to swim from scratch make significant progress, but for many of them, the achievement levels are lower than the requirements set out in the school curriculum. The biggest problem for teachers and students in the initial teaching and learning to swim was the high fear of water, especially among girls