Land use management in Minnesota

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Analysis of data for LANDSAT (ERTS) follow-on

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

ERTS-B applications to Minnesota resource management

The author has identified the following significant results. The shape, pattern, and extent of surface water (e.g. lakes) can be readily mapped. Comparing detailed maps of several lakes in Itasca County with the areas classified as water by the LANDSAT data shows that some lakes have changed considerably since they were mapped. Due to several droughts this year (1976), the water level in most lakes has dropped. At this time, it seems feasible that LANDSAT digital tape data estimate lake water level change, due to the 1976 drought conditions

ERTS-1 Role in land management and planning in Minnesota

Research on applications of ERTS-1 imagery to land use has focused on evaluating the ability of ERTS-1 imagery to update and refine the detail of land use information in the Minnesota Land Management Information System. Work has been directed toward defining the capabilities of the ERTS-1 system to provide information about surface cover by identifying forest, water, and wetland resources; urban and agricultural development: and testing and evaluating data input and output procedures. As capabilities were developed, meetings were held with administrators and resource information users from various agencies of government to identify their information needs. A full scale systems test for several selected pilot areas in the state is nearly complete. Users have been identified for each test area and they have been instrumental in identifying data requirements and analysis needs for administrative purposes. Users have both rural and urban orientations and provide a basis for evaluation of the results

Land use management in Minnesota

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Application of ERTS-1 imagery to state wide land information system in Minnesota

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Application of ERTS-1 imagery to state wide land information system in Minnesota

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Effects of Volitional Preemptive Abdominal Contraction on Shoulder Proprioception Following Shoulder Muscle Fatigue

The abdominal bracing maneuver, a volitional preemptive abdominal contraction (VPAC) strategy, is potentially beneficial to shoulder exercise performance. It is unclear how VPAC use affects shoulder function, including proprioception and shoulder muscle function following shoulder muscle fatigue caused by upper extremity dominant sports movements. Discovering methods that reduce its effects on shoulder proprioception and shoulder muscle function is important for clinical practice in orthopedic rehabilitation. PURPOSE: To identify VPAC effects on shoulder proprioception abilities and to identify VPAC effects on shoulder muscle electromyographic amplitudes, during seated proprioception trials, both with and without muscle fatigue present. METHODS: Thirty-nine participants (26 women, 13 men) participated in this study. Shoulder proprioception was measured by shoulder flexion reproduction angles. Kinematic data were collected during the shoulder flexion trials to determine the accuracy in the subjects’ ability to reproduce a reference angle. All data were collected before and after a shoulder muscle fatigue protocol. Electromyographic data from the anterior deltoid (AD), posterior deltoid (PD), upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), serratus anterior (SA), and infraspinatus (IF) muscles were used to observe muscle contraction amplitudes during the angle reproduction trials. RESULTS: Shoulder reproduction angles were not significantly affected by VPAC or muscle fatigue. Individually, shoulder muscle fatigue significantly increased UT muscle amplitudes (Mdn = 0.059(0.135), p\u3c.008) and LT muscle amplitudes (Mdn = 0.023(0.059), p\u3c.008). VPAC significantly increased shoulder IF muscle amplitudes (Mdn = 0.019(0.038), p\u3c.008). CONCLUSION: The VPAC did not affect shoulder proprioception in this study, showing that the strategy may not be beneficial to improving proprioception in the shoulder joint. The affects of muscle fatigue on the selected shoulder muscles supported the observations in previous literature concerning muscle fatigue effects on selected shoulder muscle. Clinicians can use this information to assist with the creation of therapeutic exercise for the shoulder joint