PERAN ILMU BIOTAKSONOMISERANGGA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN DI ERA GLOBALISASI

Diagnostic materials have been recently faced by more complexity species due to the evolution's accelerated in agro ecosystem.Biotaxonomy is needed for searching solutions technology of sustainable agriculture, and anticipating problems that may appeared during the agricultural development proses. Biotaxonomy is a tool for integrating biological aspects, beginning of inventory, description, cataloging, study of distribution and the perspective evolution. The contribution to applied sciences has often supplied the key to the solution of problems for IPM and biological control provided accurate identification of the exact country of origin of insect pests and their total fauna of parasites and predator. Since the establishment of the World Trade Organization in 1995, volume and intensity of trade in agricultural product increased tremendously. To prevent the entry or spread of a pest, rules based on health and safety ground had been set out internationally under the agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (the SPS Agreement). In the context of international trade, the exporting country obliged to provide a list of pests likely to be associated with the commodity to be able importing country to conduct pest risk analysis and establish phytosanitary regulations. In order to meet these obligations, however, the developing countries have not benefited as developed countries, due to unabilily to provide an adequate description of health status of agricultural industries and pest-records based on voucher specimens held in properly well curated collection. The extensive specimen-based pest record held in the reference insect collection Bogor is an asset national that can provide the most reliable evidence of the plant health status of the country that have been long time ago neglected. The collection can provide a country with a powerful tool to assist bids for market access and to justify measures to exclude potentially harmful exotic pests entering the country. Therefore, such insect collection should be security well managed, and database digitally for easily accesses. Sectors of interest should worked together to realize that hopes. Without such efforts, global policy market has just only more impoverish our farmers and the possibility our commodities products pursued internationally on the other hand our local markets felled with product commodities import as has been seen at this time

MORPHOLOGICAL SPECIES VARIABILITY IN THE STEM-BORER GENUS Sdrpophaga, (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALlDAE) ON GRAMINEOUS CROPS

The objective of this study is to observe variations between and within species using morphometry. Collections of Scirpophaga were carried out at rice fields in the Northern Coastal area of Java (Pantura): Kerawang, Cikampek, lndramayu, Cirebon, at sugar-cane plantations in Yogyakarta and Pasuruan and various gramineous crops in areas of South Bandung and Lampung from March 1998 to March 1999. Identification was done using morphology of adult characters. Variation within the population groups are recognized by taking measurement of parts of the head, for example measurement of the length and width of the head. Other characters used ill keying adult Lepidoptera to family are those of willg uenation. Also the morphology of male genitalia were used as main characters to differentiate species Results from this studies shownthat: a) Scirpophaga innotata. Measllrement of parts of the head from sample collected showed very little variation, ihier were mentioned as a group. Variation based on wing size, length and width of forewing can bedivided into two groups sizes; the large group size (950 - 1025 lI11n/100) and the smolt group size (850 - 860min/100). Variation based on the size of male gellitalia were more varied in ranging; between 20 - 26min/100 in length and 23 - 35 min/100 but they can be put into one group. b) Scirpophaga incertulas. Measurelllent of parts of the head show little variation in the scattered diagram distribution, and is considered as the same population group. Variation based on wing size, length and width of forewing collected from various places in Java indicated that populations of this insect does not indicate any differences in term of types of wing uenations and considered as similar populatious. Variation based on the size of male genitalia seemed to the same group in the scattered diagmm. c) Scirpophaga excerptalis Measurement of parts of the head(the length and width of the head) considerd as one population. Variation based on the size of nutle genitalia seemed to the smile group in the scattered diagrmn

Pengelolaan Lingkungan dalam Rangka Mengantisipasi Perkembangan Hama Belalang

ABSTRACT Swarming grasshopper Nomadacris succincta (Linnaeus), sinonim: Patanga succincta (L.) was one of the dominant species attacked corn and soybean plantations at Jeneponto District, South Sulawesi in early 2005. The species has been identified for a long time occurred in that environment, although has never been reported before as pest of farmer\u27s crops. For a basis of the capability in controlling the swarm grasshopper in the field, changed of increasing population should be monitored regularly to prevent future outbreak. Information on taxonomic and bioecology research of N. succincta are needed for environmental management efforts, such as change in morphology, physiology and behavior, change in host\u27s preferences of gregarious adult, and environmental conditions i.e. climate, cultural techniques, and the death of natural enemies in the field. Key words: Grasshopper, Nomadacris succincta, environmental management INTISARI Swarming populasi belalang kembara Nomadacris succincta (Linnaeus), sinonim: Patanga succincta (L.) adalah salah satu spesies belalang yang dominan rnenyerang pertanaman jagung dan kedelai di Kabupaten Jeneponto, Sulawesi Selatan pada awal tahun 2005. Spesies itu sudah lama menjadi penghuni lingkungan tersebut, walaupun sebelumnya bukan merupakan harm pada pertanaman petani. Sebagai dasar pijak suatu pengendalian, perubahan yang terjadi dengan peningkatan perkembangan populasi belalang kembara perlu dimonitor, agar tidak mengalami ledakan (outbreak) di masa datang. Pengelolaan lingkungan dalam rangka mengantisipasi perkembangan belalang kembara memerlukan informasi hasil penelitian entomologi murni terapan antara lain: perubahan morfologi, fisiologi dan tingkah laku (behavior) belalangperubahan preferensi inang pada imago gregaria dan kondisi lingkungan seperti faktor iklim, teknik bercocok tanam dan kematian musuh alami di lapangan. Kata kunci: Belalang, Nomadacris succincta, pengelolaan lingkunga

A check list of parasitic insects and their hosts in the insects collection of borif

+144hlm.;23c