Investigation on the Influence of Machine and Operational Parameters for the Development of a Manually-Drawn Rice Seeder for Direct Sowing

Rosana G. Moreira, Editor-in-Chief; Texas A&M UniversityThis is a paper from International Commission of Agricultural Engineering (CIGR, Commission Internationale du Genie Rural) E-Journal Volume 7 (2005): Investigation on the Influence of Machine and Operational Parameters for the Development of a Manually-Drawn Rice Seeder for Direct Sowing by S.S.Sivakumar, R.Manian, K.Kathirvel, G.S.V.Raghava

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Not AvailableAn outbreak of camel contagious ecthyma (CCE) occurred in a camel herd of the National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner, India. The pathomorphological lesions of CCE were classified into five different stages on the basis of their sequence of occurrence, nature and duration. In the initial stage, development of erythema and papules which lasted for 1 week, were observed. This was followed by facial swelling stage which remained for another 1 week, in which swelling on face due to enlargement of mandibular and cervical lymph nodes was observed. In the pustular stage, swelling was subsided and pustules developed on lips, nose, face, eyes and neck region. This stage lasted for 4-5 weeks. In the scab stage, the pustular lesions dried and remained as scab for 1-2 weeks. In the recovery stage, the scab lesions started detaching with formation of grey spots at the affected areas. This stage lasted for 1-2 weeks followed by complete recovery. Histopathology of pustular and scab lesions revealed hydropic degeneration of keratinocytes, hyperplasia of epidermis, hyperkeratosis and intraepidermal pustule with mononuclear cellular infiltration. Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies were observed in keratinocytes in the epidermis. The total course of the disease in individual camel varied from 8 to 11 weeks. This is the first report on sequential classification of pathomorphological lesions of CCE.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableAn outbreak of camel contagious ecthyma (CCE) occurred in a camel herd of the National Research Centre on Camel, Bikaner, India. The pathomorphological lesions of CCE were classified into 5 different stages on the basis of their sequence of occurrence, nature and duration. In the initial stage, development of erythema and papules which lasted for 1 week, were observed. This was followed by a facial swelling stage which remained for another 1 week, in which swelling on face due to enlargement of mandibular and cervical lymph nodes was observed. In the pustular stage, swelling was subsided and pustules developed on lips, nose, face, eyes and neck region. This stage lasted for 4-5 weeks. In the scab stage, the pustular lesions dried and remained as scab for 1-2 weeks. In the recovery stage, the scab lesions started detaching with formation of grey spots at the affected areas. This stage lasted for 1-2 weeks followed by complete recovery. Histopathology of pustular and scab lesions revealed hydropic degeneration of keratinocytes, hyperplasia of epidermis, hyperkeratosis and intraepidermal pustule with mononuclear cellular infiltration. Intracytoplasmiceosinophilic inclusion bodies were observed in keratinocytes in the epidermis. The total course of the disease in individual camel varied from 8 to 11 weeks. This is the first report on sequential classification of pathomorphological lesions of CCE.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA male calf of Jaisalmeri breed was born to a completely agalactic dam. Since calf could not get colostrum, so the camel milk feeding through nipple bottle was started on day first, as a usual practice adopted for such calves on the farm. On the 3rd day calf stopped feeding and suffered with respiratory insufficiency with deep laboured respirations along with abdominal movements and fever of 103°F. The calf was treated with antibiotics, analgesics, corticosteroids and fluid therapy but the calf died on 6th day. Post-mortem examination revealed that whole of the lung was black in colour with papules and patchy fibrinous deposit on the surface along with emphysema. Mycological examination revealed for the isolation and identification of Paecilomyces lilacinus.Not Availabl

Assessment of sustainability on structure-optical properties of prismatic face ADP crystal at dynamic shocked conditions

International audienceIn the present research article, we have performed an extensive experimental investigation on the structural and linear optical properties of the prismatic face ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) crystals under the impact of shock waves of various counts such that the crystals have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopic, Ultra-violet Visible spectroscopic and optical microscopic techniques. XRD and Raman results clearly show that the shocked ADP crystals have undergone significant changes such as lattice deformations, lattice disorders giving rise to the structural disorders and significant reduction in optical transmittance with respect to the number of shock pulses. Optical microscopic images also authenticate the formation of defective surface morphology at shocked conditions. Furthermore, we have made the comparison of the optical transmission of the prismatic face with the previously published pyramidal face ADP crystal with respect to the number of shock pulses

Ternary switchable phase transition of CaCO3 by shock waves

International audienceIn the present article, we disclose shock wave induced crystallographic switchable phase transition of calcium carbonate nano particles (CaCO3 NPs). The observed profiles of powder X-ray diffraction reveal that CaCO3 NPs undergoes phase transitions in the sequential order from Calcite-I to Calcite-II and Calcite-II to Calcite-III at 50 and 100 shocks, respectively. Interestingly, reversible phase transitions have been observed from Calcite-III to Calcite-II and Calcite-II to Calcite-I at 150 and 200 shocked conditions, respectively. Rotational order-disorder of oxy-anions (CO3) and displacement of cation (Ca) take place because of the impact of shock waves thereby the observed ternary switchable phase transition results paving the way for the design of new multifunctional materials