Global-local dynamics in the transformation of the Jakarta Metropolitan Area into a global city-region

This paper investigates the way in which factors at the global and local level interact in the emergence and development of “global city-regions”, which are deemed to be the contemporary growth machines of the global economy. To this end, this paper takes the Jakarta metropolitan area (JMA) as a case to investigate its evolution in the context of the intertwined dynamics of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow and state intervention over the past three decades. The findings indicate that from a macro-level perspective the JMA has maintained its position as the country’s hotspot for manufacturing investment embedded in East Asian production networks. In addition, we find that the national state has continuously privileged the JMA as the main grounds for national economic development in spite of the country’s shifting political system. We reveal how the nexus between “global” forces (incoming FDI) and “local” conditions (the state’s strategic intervention) has led to the development and restructuring of the JMA as a global city-region

Small- and medium-sized enterprises in cross-border networks: Empirical evidence from the Pearl River Delta

The Pearl River Delta is one of the most successful cases of economic re-integration after a long period of separation. Hong Kong's traditional policy of non-interventionism and China's open-door policy have induced a rapid increase in cross-border trade, outward processing and outward investment. The paper focuses on the different modes of integration as well as on the driving forces behind. It argues that small- and medium- sized enterprises have played the pivotal role in the Delta's economic development. Their cross-border operations have been mainly facilitated through two channels: through subcontracting networks among manufacturers and through links with trading houses which are frequently small in size. The paper underlines three main keys to the Delta's economic success: a non-interventionist policy favourable for growth, a pronounced outward orientation in business which consequently exploits complementaries in comparative advantages and, last but not least, the so-called Chinese factor - the special attitudes adopted by local entrepreneurs, their adaptability and flexibility, their work ethics and their common cultural heritage. In some respects, the Pearl River Delta can serve as a model for developing border regions in Central Europe along the former Iron Curtain. Despite their great potential, these regions are integrating only slowly. The paper suggests that border regions after a long period of political and economic division are predestined to become an economic power-house.

Real Estate Research in Asia - Past, Present and the Future

teh The growth in real estate research in Asia has been very significant over the past decade. Figure 1 shows the trend of the research papers on Asian real estate markets published in 17 real estate academic journals. A list of the journals surveyed is shown in Table 1. This number represents only a fraction of all the studies on the Asian real estate markets since books, research monographs, research reports, conference papers, and journal papers published in languages other than English are not included. Figure 2 shows the breakdown by markets.Asia, Real Estate

Migration, urban population growth and regional disparity in China

The main objective of this paper is to study the determinants of city population growth in China during the 1990s’, as well as the determinants of migrations towards cities, which constitutes the main source of urban population growth in this period. A second objective is to identify regional differences in the urban growth and migrations, that is, whether urban growth and migration patterns are different between coastal and inland provinces. Additionally, we are interested in the differences between temporary and permanent migrations towards urban areas.

Migration, urban population growth and regional disparity in China

The main objective of this paper is to study the determinants of city population growth in China during the 1990s', as well as the determinants of migrations towards cities, which constitutes the main source of urban population growth in this period. A second objective is to identify regional differences in the urban growth and migrations, that is, whether urban growth and migration patterns are different between coastal and inland provinces. Additionally, we are interested in the differences between temporary and permanent migrations towards urban areas.cerdi

Land Use Rights, Government Land Supply, and the Pattern of Redevelopment in Shanghai

This paper reviews the urban redevelopment activities in Shanghai as the land market reforms were introduced. We focus on the impact of land use institutions on the spatial pattern of these activities. Sites for private real estate redevelopment were supplied by individual districts in the city. But the need for districts to pay for the resettlement of displaced residents contributed to a spatial mismatch between the supply of redevelopment sites and the market demand for commercial real estate space. Resettlement costs are highest at the high demand locations. State owned enterprises and institutions occupying land allocated by the state also engaged in real estate development. Whereas the density of private redevelopment was sensitive to the volume of commercial activities in a district, this does not appear to have been important in determining the location of the significant increase in the stock of commercial space resulting from development by local enterprises and institutions. This growth shows considerable decentralization between 1993 and 1996,indicative of spatially inefficient redevelopment activities by land-rich state enterprises.Institutions, Land Market, Economic Transition, Urban Redevelopment, Shanghai

Migration and Inter-Dependence, Sustainable Urbanism in the Pearl River Delta Region, South China

Under influence of globalization regional boundaries seem to be melted with the hands of migrants and pave the integration process. Ideally integration occur through voluntary linking in the economic and political domains of two or more formerly independent states to the extent that authority over key areas of national policy is shifted towards the supra-national level. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) region of South China is unique as its status transformed from an international boundary between the UK and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) to an internal boundary inside China under ‘one country-two systems’ in 1997. Cross-border migration between Hong Kong and the PRD can be seen as the discourse of dependant development. Contrary to the contribution of migrants through spontaneously locating and relocating themselves across border with their social and entrepreneurial interplay in history, governments responded selectively to cross-border issues While most research emphasize economic and political aspects, analysis into the migration history reveals that integration in the PRD region is a unique form of ‘inter-dependent urbanism’ through the hands of temporary and permanent migrants who once happened to be separated by force, are merging in the same nation-state recently. This subtly perceived trend of urbanization has scope to achieve sustainability of the region

Multi-scale regional inequality in Guangdong, China

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A long-term tourism scheme within a networked urban regeneration strategy for historic quarters

Many cities have witnessed the rise of urban tourism since 1970s. Nowadays, especially in developing countries, tourism has become an important industry to initiate employment, boost the economy, and regenerate urban quarters. Recently, tourism has been included into a comprehensive process of urban regeneration of historic quarters, and is becoming closely related with other urban planning strategies, such as conservation and creative industry (Tiesdell et al., 1996, Cunningham, 2002). Many historical quarters have been transformed into tourist destination with the aim of reviving the economy and enhancing urban image and culture. However, a short-sighted urban tourism scheme usually raises diverse negative issues, such as the loss of identity and social cohesion, etc. In recent decades, cities in China have experienced huge urban changes. As many urban historical quarters were demolished to facilitate rapid urban development and new city image, many old neighbourhoods were obliterated and their residents, relocated to fringe areas. This paper presents a comparative study of two cases in China— Tianzi Fang in Shanghai and the Muslim Quarter in Xi’an. It discusses the alternative approaches to develop sustainable tourism in urban context: a long-term tourism scheme with an active recycling process which not only recycles the tangible aspects but also the intangible aspects of the quarter, and that contributes to a process of sustainable transformation.Peer Reviewe