180 research outputs found
Experimental Study of the Liquid Cathode Components Transfer to the DC Discharge Plasma at Atmospheric Pressure
The transfer processes of solvent and dissolved substances in gas phase from aqueous solutions used as cathodes under the action of atmospheric pressure DC discharge were investigated.The electric field strength in plasma (E), cathode voltage drop (Uc) and rates of solution evaporation were measured. The transfer coefficients were calculated. The effect of transfer processes on plasma physical properties was experimentally studied. The threshold characteristics of cations transfer process were determined
ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ Π°Π»ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
Models that describe bipolar resistive switching in planar microstructures based on oxide compounds (Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x, Nd2-xCexCuO4-y) and bismuth selenide are considered. Metal-isolator-metal planar-type meristor heterostructures were investigated, in which the micro-size is formed by an electrode whose diameter is much smaller than the total size of the structure (it can be both Chervinsky-type microjunctions and film electric electrodes). Another important feature of these heterostructures is the presence of a surface layer several tens of nanometers thick with specific conductivity significantly reduced relative to volume. The change in the resistive properties of such heterostructures is caused by the formation or destruction of the conductive channel through the above-mentioned layer. Numerical simulation has shown that the bipolar resistive switching is significantly influenced by the electrical field distribution topology. A βcritical fieldβ model is proposed to describe experimentally observed memristor effects in investigated heterostructures. In this model it is assumed that the change in specific conductivity occurs in those parts of the surface layer where the electric field strength exceeds some critical value. The model of the βcritical fieldβ is based on the numerical calculation of the distribution of electrical potential on the distribution of specific conductivity in the structure. In addition, the model allowing to analyze the influence of electrodiffusion of oxygen ions on resistive switching in heterostructures based on Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x is considered. At numerical realization of the models a combination of the integro-differential approximation of the differential equations, the multi-grid approach for localization of heterogeneities of physical characteristics, the iterative decomposition method and composite adaptive meshes was used. It allowed tracking the processes under investigation with necessary accuracy. The comparison of simulation results with experimental data is presented.Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
, ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x, Nd2-xCexCuO4-y) ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΄Π° Π²ΠΈΡΠΌΡΡΠ°. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»βΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡβΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π» ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ, Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ (ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΏΠ°, ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ). ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ, Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°Π»Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉ. Π§ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° Π±ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Β«ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΒ» Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
. Π ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ Β«ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΒ» ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π³Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x. ΠΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠΎ-ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ, ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΡΡ
Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ
SYNTHESIS AND DEPOSITION OF AG NANOPARTICLES ONTO POLYPROPTLENE FILM BY ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE GLOW DISCHARGE TREATMENT
This report presents a one-step method of silver nanoparticles synthesis and deposition of it onto polypropylene surface by use of an atmospheric pressure glow discharge. Obtained data of UV-vis spectroscopy and Zetasizer indicate that Ag nanoparticles are polydispersed. The polypropylene film surface is modified during gas discharge treatment219-21
The role of government support for the mortgage market in current economic conditions
Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ°.In this article the role of state support for the mortgage market, the factors influencing this process
Level density and thermal properties in rare earth nuclei
A convergent method to extract the nuclear level density and the gamma-ray
strength function from primary gamma-ray spectra has been established.
Thermodynamical quantities have been obtained within the microcanonical and
canonical ensemble theory. Structures in the caloric curve and in the heat
capacity curve are interpreted as fingerprints of breaking of Cooper pairs and
quenching of pairing correlations. The strength function can be described using
models and common parameterizations for the E1, M1 and pygmy resonance
strength. However, a significant decrease of the pygmy resonance strength at
finite temperatures has been observed.Comment: 15 pages including 8 figures. Proceedings article for the conference
Nuclear Structure and Related Topics, Dubna, Russia, June 6-10, 200
Social responsibility and human capital of enterprises in the system of regional social policy
ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π² ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°. Π ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ² (ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²), Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ
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