Relationship Between Atheroma Regression and Change in Lumen Size After Infusion of Apolipoprotein A-I Milano

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between atheroma regression and arterial wall remodeling.BackgroundInfusion of reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) containing recombinant apolipoprotein A-I Milano (AIM) has been reported to promote rapid regression of coronary atherosclerosis. The current study analyzed intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) to define the changes that take place in the arterial wall that accompanied atheroma regression in this study.MethodsForty-seven patients, ages 30 to 75 years, after an acute coronary syndrome were randomized to receive five weekly infusions of placebo or rHDL containing either low- or high-dose AIM. External elastic membrane (EEM) and lumen volumes were compared between coronary IVUS studies at baseline and follow-up.ResultsIn comparison with baseline, infusion of rHDL was associated with a 4.6% reduction in EEM volume. Lumen volume did not change. In 10-mm arterial subsegments with the greatest plaque burden at baseline, atheroma volume regressed by 10.9% with a similar reduction in EEM volume but with no change in lumen size. In contrast, EEM and atheroma volume did not change in the 10-mm segments containing the least plaque burden. The reduction in EEM in the most diseased segments was only apparent in subjects who underwent plaque regression. Reduction in EEM volume correlated with the decreased atheroma volume (r = 0.62), but there was no correlation between change in lumen size and change in plaque volume.ConclusionsRemodeling of the arterial wall is a focal and heterogeneous process. After infusion of rHDL containing AIM, regression of coronary atherosclerosis is accompanied by reverse remodeling of the EEM, resulting in no change in luminal dimensions

Evaluación de la progresión y la regresión de la aterosclerosis coronaria mediante ecografía intravascular: ¿Un nuevo cambio de paradigma?

La ecografía intravascular (EIV) se ha convertido en una importante modalidad de imagen para la evaluación de la pared arterial y de su respuesta a la acumulación de la placa aterosclerótica. La posibilidad de visualizar las arterias coronarias de manera seriada hace que la EIV ofrezca una oportunidad única para estudiar el efecto de las diferentes estrategias antiateroscleróticas en la placa. Por eso, los estudios que han utilizado la EIV de forma seriada como criterio principal de valoración han demostrado que las estrategias terapéuticas que modifican los valores de las lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL) y alta densidad (HDL) y de la presión arterial en los pacientes con enfermedad coronaria establecida tienen un profundo impacto en la progresión de la placa aterosclerótica. Todo ello anuncia un cambio de paradigma en el que se considera la regresión de la placa como objetivo potencial para el desarrollo de estrategias preventivas

Development of nanobiosensor for therapeutic drug monitoring in personalized cancer treatment approach

Docetaxel is one of the most effective and safe chemotherapy drugs according to the World Health Organization, but its clinical use has been discontinued due to its various side effects. To reduce these side effects, the amount of docetaxel drug should be kept at the most effective level, it should be monitored in body fluids. Due to the limitations of traditional analytical methods used for this purpose, such as expensive and low sensitivity, labor-intensive and time-consuming complex preliminary preparation, efficient methods are required for the determination of the docetaxel level in the body. The increasing demand for the development of personalized therapy has recently spurred significant research into biosensors for the detection of drugs and other chemical compounds. In this study, an electrochemical-based portable nanobiosensor system was developed for the rapid, low-cost, and sensitive determination of docetaxel. In this context, mg-p(HEMA)-IMEO nanoparticles to be used as nanobiosensor bioactive layer was synthesized, characterized, and docetaxel determination conditions were optimized. According to the results obtained, the developed nanobiosensor system can detect docetaxel with a sensitivity of 2.22 mg/mL in a wide calibration range of 0.25-10 mg/mL, in only 15 min, in mixed media such as commercially available artificial blood serum and urine. determined. We concluded that the developed nanobiosensor system can be successfully used in routine drug monitoring as a low-cost biomedical device capable of direct, rapid, and specific drug determination within the scope of personalized treatment, providing point-of-care testing