Deep MOS Spectroscopy of NGC 1316 Globular Clusters

The giant elliptical galaxy NGC 1316 is the brightest galaxy in the Fornax cluster, and displays a number of morphological features that might be interpreted as an intermediate age merger remanent ($\sim$3 Gyr). Based on the idea that globular clusters systems (GCS) constitute genuine tracers of the formation and evolution of their host galaxies, we conducted a spectroscopic study of approximately 40 globular clusters (GCs) candidates associated with this interesting galaxy. We determined ages, metallicities, and $\alpha$-element abundances for each GC present in the sample, through the measurement of different Lick indices and their subsequent comparison with simple stellar populations models (SSPs).Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Species means and standard deviations (SD) for dental indexes.

<p>Sample sizes are listed in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0118732#pone.0118732.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>.</p><p>Species means and standard deviations (SD) for dental indexes.</p

Summary of correct classification rates for discriminant function analyses using upper molar (M¹), lower molar (M₁), and upper and lower molar occlusal variables combined.

<p>Values represent percentage of correctly classified specimens.</p><p>Summary of correct classification rates for discriminant function analyses using upper molar (M¹), lower molar (M₁), and upper and lower molar occlusal variables combined.</p

Laser-scan generated image of <i>Saimiri boliviensis</i> (AMNH 255858) first molars demonstrating calculations for surface relief measures.

<p>See text for calculations. a) and b) oblique lateral view of lower first molar showing cropping at the talonid basin (a) and cemento-enamel junction (b, CEJ); c) upper (top row) and lower (bottom row) first molar in occlusal view with planometric surface area projection depicted to the right.</p

) SEM image of the occlusal surface of the right first maxillary (on the left) and first mandibular (on the right) molars of <i>Saimiri sciureus</i> (USNM 546762, Para, Brazil).

<p>a Crests 1–6 are shown. b) <i>Saimiri sciureus</i> (USNM 546762), oblique medial view (above) of right M^1–2 and oblique lateral view (below) of P⁴-M³. The leading edges of eight functional crests are labeled, as are the wear surfaces distal to them. We measured crest lengths 1–6; crests 7 and 8 (associated with the margins of the hypocone and trigonid basin) were not measured. Numbering system of the crests follows Kay [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0118732#pone.0118732.ref102" target="_blank">102</a>].</p

Box-and-whisker plots showing ranges of individual values for Diet-1 (3 group comparisons).

<p>a) upper molar SQ, b) upper molar RFI, c) lower molar SQ, d) lower molar RFI, e) lower molar OR.</p

Results of post-hoc multiple pair-wise comparisons between tooth indices (Wilcoxon each pair) segregated by diet categories.

<p>* denotes statistical significance of p-value using Bonferroni significance criterion for 3 groups (p< 0.0167).</p><p>Results of post-hoc multiple pair-wise comparisons between tooth indices (Wilcoxon each pair) segregated by diet categories.</p

Plot of a discriminant function analysis including M₁ length, RFI, OR, and phylogenetically corrected SQ and M¹ RFI and phylogenetically corrected SQ.

<p>93.6% of variance is accounted for by discriminant function 1 and 6.4% by function 2. Polygons are drawn to include all individual specimens.</p

Platyrrhine sample with dietary profile.

<p>See Allen and Kay [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0118732#pone.0118732.ref046" target="_blank">46</a>] for detailed dietary information; body mass (in grams) is the average of males and females, from Smith and Jungers [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0118732#pone.0118732.ref074" target="_blank">74</a>].</p><p>Platyrrhine sample with dietary profile.</p

Script for making Figure 3

### # Scripts for Fig 3 in Cooke et al. 2017 AREES ##