Investigation Of Queuing System Gl(2)|M2|∞

We offer the model of applications parallel service in queuing system (QS) which consists of two units of service with an unlimited number of servers. A recurrent stream of binary applications enters to an input to the system. We recorded the approximate (asymptotic) equality of the first and second orders for the respective blocks of the system. The research is made under supporting of ADAP "Development of the higher education scientific potential" (2009-2010 years) of the Federal education agency of RF concerning with the project "Investigation methods formulation of non-Markov queues systems and their appliance in complex economic systems and computer transmission network"

Investigation Of Queuing System Gl(2)|M2|∞

We offer the model of applications parallel service in queuing system (QS) which consists of two units of service with an unlimited number of servers. A recurrent stream of binary applications enters to an input to the system. We recorded the approximate (asymptotic) equality of the first and second orders for the respective blocks of the system. The research is made under supporting of ADAP "Development of the higher education scientific potential" (2009-2010 years) of the Federal education agency of RF concerning with the project "Investigation methods formulation of non-Markov queues systems and their appliance in complex economic systems and computer transmission network"

The potential of radionuclide diagnostic imaging in diffuse liver disease and portal hypertension

Objective. The study objective was to assess the scintigraphy potential in the evaluation of portal hypertension and the severity of liver damage in diffuse diseases and after liver transplantation.Material and methods. The study enrolled 325 patients suffering from hepatitis and liver cirrhosis of various etiology and severity, including those after liver transplantation, namely, the patients with hepatitis (n=96), patients with liver cirrhosis of Child–Pugh class A (n=24), class B (n=87), and class C (n=118); 11 more healthy volunteers without clinical and laboratory signs of diffuse liver disease were enrolled as controls. The assessment of liver reticuloendothelial system was performed by scintigraphy with (99m)Tc-phytate colloid in a static planar mode and "whole body" mode by SPECT (Infinia II, GE).Results. In contrast to the control group, significant radionuclide signs of hepatosplenomegaly were revealed with the predominant functional activity of the left lobe; the liver function was found impaired that correlated with the cirrhosis severity evaluated according to the Child–Pugh Сlassification. The analysis of scintigraphy quantitative parameters showed that the most informative of them were the intensity of radiopharmaceutical accumulation in the spleen (S%) and in bone marrow (Вm%), and the radiopharmaceutical uptake by the reticuloendothelial cells of the liver and spleen in percentage from the administered activity (Lwb%, Swb%). Depending on the cirrhosis severity assessed by the Child–Pugh Score, the changes in quantitative parameters were accompanied by a progressive enlargement of the spleen, liver left lobe, the increase of (99m)Tc-phytate uptake by the bone marrow with a decreased radiopharmaceutical uptake by the liver. The study results showed that among the Child–Pugh class C patients, the impairment of liver reticuloendothelial function was more pronounced in the patients with cirrhosis of viral and mixed etiology, when compared to those with alcoholic cirrhosis.Conclusion. The paper has identified the most informative parameters characterizing portal hypertension and the reticuloendothelial function for all Child–Pugh defined classes of cirrhosis. These parameters include the increase of (99m) Tc-phytate accumulation in the spleen (S%) and bone marrow (Bm%); the liver and spleen uptake of the radiopharmaceutical in percentage from the administered activity (Lwb%, Swb%). The calculation of the remaining parameters is necessary for a detailed description of the organ function and for the assessment of the portal hypertension severity in repeated studies.Summary. Criteria for the objective assessment of reticuloendothelial function and portal hypertension in diffuse liver diseases, including after liver transplantation, have been developed. Contrary to the control group, in patients with diffuse liver diseases, the radionuclide signs of hepatosplenomegaly (or a decreased liver size) with a predominant functional activity of the left lobe were identified, as were the changes in the quantitative parameters of the radiopharmaceutical uptake by the liver (Lwb%), including the radiopharmaceutical accumulation in the liver left lobe (Ll%), spleen (Swb%), bone marrow (Bm%), and the liver-to-spleen area ratio (Lar/Sar). The informative and reliable (p<0.05) parameters of the function Lwb%, S%, Swb% and Bm% correlating with the cirrhosis classes assessed by Child–Pugh were identified. The radionuclide method, being highly reproducible one, can be recommended for an objective assessment of liver function and the detection of portal hypertension in hepatitis and cirrhosis, as well as for post-transplant monitoring of the liver function to prevent complications in the early and late postoperative periods

Influence of serotonin transporter allele polymorphism on individual characteristics of cerebral hemodynamics in humans under the "Stop-Signal" experimental paradigm

The influence of polymorphic variations of the gene encoding serotonin transporter (5-HTT) on individual characteristics of cerebral hemodynamics (detected by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) under conditions of the performance of the tasks of the “Stop–Signal” experimental paradigm) was studied in the work. The 5-HTT gene polymorphic variants were determined by means of allelespecific PCR with DNA isolated from the blood of subjects as a matrix. Altogether, 24 subjects (eight individuals with the LL genotype, eight with the LS genotype, and eight with the SS genotype) were studied. In the experiments, the subjects either push a button after the appearance of a target stimulus (Go condition) or suppressed already prepared movement (Stop condition). Differences associated with the genotype were observed in hemodynamic responses registered in areas of the cuneus (occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex), as well as medial frontal and inferior frontal gyri (frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex). The SS genotype carriers demonstrated a significantly larger contrast between fMRI responses under Go and Stop conditions as compared with the LL and LS genotype carriers (which can be interpreted as an index of a greater intensity of the activation processes in them and a decreased capacity for the suppression of inadequate movements). Theoretically, individuals with the SS genotype have an advantage over individuals with LL and LS genotypes when making a decision with a lack of time; however, they deal worse with situations requiring the suppression of inadequate behavioral responses

Association of anxiety level with polymorphic variants of serotonin transporter gene in Russians and Tuvinians

An association of the level of personal anxiety with polymorphic variants of the gene encoding serotonin transporter (5-HTT) in 57 Russian residents of Siberia and 62 Tuvinians was studied. The 5-HTT gene polymorphic variants were determined be means of allele-specific PCR with DNA isolated from the blood of subjects as a matrix. The level of explicit anxiety was established by means of Spielberger–Khanin questionnaire; implicit anxiety was established by means of associative test. Indices of aggressiveness, impulsiveness, behavioral activation and inhibition systems (BAS and BIS) were additionally determined in each subject. The 5-HTT gene S-allele was significantly more frequently found in the Tuvinians, while the L allele was more common in Russians. The implicit and explicit anxiety levels were lower in carriers of the LL genotype than in carriers of the SS genotype; LS heterozygotes demonstrated intermediate values of anxiety. The sex and ethnicity factors were associated with the level of explicit (but not implicit) anxiety. Tuvinian men with the SS genotype demonstrated a low explicit anxiety level, while Russian men with this genotype demonstrated high anxiety level. No intergroup differences were found in women with the SS genotype. An association of 5-HTT gene polymorphic variants with BAS indices and an inclination to verbal aggression was also detected. The data can be interpreted as an index of differences in the direction of anxiety in different cultures. Theoretically, genetically highly anxious Tuvinian men are afraid to show fear, since manifestation of fear is condemned in their social environment