Probing Ion-Ion and Electron-Ion Correlations in Liquid Metals within the Quantum Hypernetted Chain Approximation

We use the Quantum Hypernetted Chain Approximation (QHNC) to calculate the ion-ion and electron-ion correlations for liquid metallic Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, and Ga. We discuss trends in electron-ion structure factors and radial distribution functions, and also calculate the free-atom and metallic-atom form-factors, focusing on how bonding effects affect the interpretation of X-ray scattering experiments, especially experimental measurements of the ion-ion structure factor in the liquid metallic phase.Comment: RevTeX, 19 pages, 7 figure

Nitrogen supply as a limiting factor determining the sensitivity of Populus tremuloides Michx. to ozone stress

Seedlings of trembling aspen {Populus tremuloides Michx.) were grown at six rates of supplemental nitrogen (N). Five of the N rates were sub-optimal to optimal for growth, whilst the sixth provided an excess of N with no additional growth benefit. T h e biomass of plants stressed b y ozone (O3) in open-top chambers was significantly reduced at optimal rates of N. Plants which received sub-optimal or excess N showed no significant effects of O., on hiomass accumulation. Ozone induced two compensatory responses; increased shoot/root ratio and accelerated senescence, at all N rates. Growth rate was strongly influenced by the amount o f N supplied, and O.,-induced reductions in total biomass were highly correlated with growth rate. W e concluded that when growth rate was small as a result of N limitation, compensatory responses to O,, stress were sufficient to prevent detectable losses in biomass

Self-dynamic structure factor of dense liquids: Theory and simulation

The self-intermediate dynamic structure factor Fs(k,t) of liquid lithium near the melting temperature is calculated by molecular dynamics. The results are compared with the predictions of several theoretical approaches, paying special attention to the Lovesey model and the Wahnstrm and Sjgren mode-coupling theory. To this end the results for the Fs(k,t) second memory function predicted by both models are compared with the ones calculated from the simulations

Heterogeneous nucleation and microstructure formation in colloidal model systems with various interactions

Recent studies of crystal nucleation and further microstructure formation in colloidal model systems are reviewed. Homogeneous as well as different heterogeneous nucleation scenarios will be discussed. We focus on the crystallization process of one component colloidal model systems with hard sphere like interaction, long range electrostatic interaction and depletion force induced attractive interaction. Heterogeneous crystallization on flat and smooth substrates, on structured substrates, induced by different kind of seed particles as well as inoculation adding a larger amount of seeds will be presented