Biochemical analysis of Psophocarpus tetrgonolobus L. (Winged bean) and its role on restoration of degraded land of Raniganj and Barjora coalmine areas of West Bengal, India

To meet the growing demands of energy, continuous supply of coal is necessary because coal is the primary source of energy. About 70% of coal mining is being done by open cast methods which is most destructive activity and it severely damages the ecosystem. Reclamation of degraded land is therefore necessary after any mining activity. The biochemical parameters like Chlorophyll, carbohydrate and protein content of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (Winged bean) studied here were considered as measure to test the suitability of Winged bean in various soil-OB dump compositions (P1 to P5). The findings revealed that biochemical property like chlorophyll and protein content of Winged bean was retained up to 1:1 soil-OB dump condition but after that it was decreased significantly whenever OB dump composition was increased. Chlorophyll content of the plant in P1 to P3 condition was 8.2, 8.17 and 8.02 mg/100 gm respectively but it was decreased significantly in P3 and P4 condition, i.e. 7.72 & 7.47 mg/100gm respectively. Carbohydrate content of the plant in P1 to P3 condition was 3.72, 3.7 and 3.61 gm/100 gm respectively but it again decreased significantly in P3 and P4 condition, i.e. 3.32 & 3.1 gm/100gm respectively. In spite of these findings, seeds of winged bean contained high protein and rest of the plant parts were also very important as food and fodder and this plant was able to grow on less water condition which made it suitable for the land restoration of degraded mining land both from ecological and socio-economic point of view

Measures Taken at the Institutional Level to Prepare and Motivate Students to Perform Well on the Associate Constructor Exam

Construction education is relatively young as a discipline in academia. Due to the combination of the diverse curriculum offered by different construction programs and the unique nature of every construction project, it is very challenging to standardize the skill set demands of industry. A certification exam has the potential of acting as a bridge between the requirements of both industry and formal college education. As observed, the student AC exam pass rate varies for every construction program by a relatively large margin. The objective of this research was to identify the factors responsible for this variation in results and make recommendations to construction programs for improving student performance on the AC exam. After recommendations were made, the programs could further use the exam to more accurately reflect student learning. In the process of this study, the first stage was to identify the possible factors affecting the performance of a test-taker on standardized testing. Two factors were identified: motivation level and preparation method of the test-taker; therefore, in the second stage of the study, the impact of these two major factors was observed by determining and statistically analyzing various sub-factors within the context of preparation and motivation. Participants representing three diverse data points were considered for multiple surveys: 1) test takers at Clemson University in the fall of 2016, 2) overall student test takers for fall of 2016, and 3) Department Chairs of construction programs. Based on the results of statistical analysis and referring to study material provided by AIC, the similarity of course content of their program with AC exam syllabus and higher study hours invested for preparation positively influence the scores of test takers. Additionally, test takers who considered the exam personally important and at the same time acknowledged the importance of the exam for their program performed better than test takers who did not acknowledge the same. However, test takers who valued the exam as more important for future employment purposes did not perform well in the exam

Neutrino Physics: Leading Pathway to New Discovery

In this project i have discussed about neutrino oscillation in matter and its implication on astrophysical objects e.g.neutron star

Effect of liquid Biofertilizer (Vrikshayurveda) prepared from Brassica alba on the cultivation of rice

Brassica alba, one of the very anciently well known plants, was used as biofertilizer long time before. Pot culture technique was introduced and three different pots were prepared. Plants of first pot provided only normal dose of urea, in second pot additionally 10% B. alba liquid manure sprayed along with the normal dose of urea. Third pot was provided with blue green algal fertilization and 10% of B. alba liquid manure. Various parameters like plant height, leaf length, leaf number and inflorescence length were evaluated in test culture receiving differentdose of urea and bio-fertilizer. In pot-1, plant height, length of inflorescence, grain yield , husk yield , grains per panicle , number of panicle per plant and weight of 1000 grains was found to be 84.30 cm, 19.50 cm, 2800 kgha-1, 4300 kgha-1, 42 grains per panicle, 4 panicle and 24.80 gm respectively, whereas in pot-2 plant height, length of inflorescence, grain yield, husk yield, grains per panicle, number of panicle per plant and weight of 1000 grains was found to be 98.50 cm, 21.40 cm, 3700 kgha-1 ,5600 kgha-1, 56 grains, 6 panicle and 29.30 gm respectively and in test pot-3, plant height, length of inflorescence, grain yield, husk yield, grains per panicle, number of panicle per plant and weight of 1000 grains was found to be 112.80 cm, 24.30 cm, 3850 kg ha-1, 5630 kgha-1, 60 grain per panicle, 6 panicle, and 30.60 gm respectively. The results clearly indicated that in comparison to urea, B. alba treated paddy plant performed higher plant height, higher yield production, higher husk production, larger number of grain per panicle and panicle length and higher grain weight

Agro-morphological characterization of rice landraces variety (Oryza sativa L.) of Bankura district of West Bengal

Rice is the major food grain of India and is being cultivated on 36.95million ha. land and present productivity is about 120.6 million tons per year.Agriculture in West Bengal is the means of livelihood of about 65% of the population ofthe state living in villages with over 95% as small and marginal farmers. West Bengal isgreat reservoir of rice. There are 5,556 rice varieties were recorded in the year 1975 fromthis state. Bankura district of West Bengal is also a great producer of rice. There are somany rice landraces were cultivated in this district in near past. But in present situationrice cultivation is restricted to 5-10 high yielding variety and few landraces varieties. Inthis study characterization of twenty landraces of rice presently available in this districtwas performed using DUS testing protocol. Agro-morphic characterization of thesetwenty landraces was done during 2011-12 & 2012-13 kharif session at the Village ofRanbahal, PO- Amarkanan of this District. In this study we observed that out of the 20investigated varieties 11 varieties are distinctive according to the five essential and theeighteen additional characters proposed by the DUS guideline. The present work is somuch important in respect to the present scenario of agro-biodiversity of this region aswell as identification, conservation and documentation of landraces variety for futurecrop improvement

EFFECT OF INM PRACTICE ON PLANT GROWTH, FRUIT YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES IN CHILLI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)

ABSTRACT

Carbon credit for sustainable developement

The Greenhouse Gases which include Carbon dioxide, Methane and also other oxides on account of incomplete combustion substantially disturb the balance of the heat in the earth’s atmosphere leading to warming of the atmospheric temperature which is called as Global Warming and considered a major threat to life on earth. In today’s world situation, it is very much necessary to find out the solution for the global impact of pollution for the survival of life. The rules & regulations which are meant for the control of pollution are seen to be somewhat ineffective. One of the reasons behind the failure of such systems is that there are no attractive proposals in front of industries. The solution requires obviously the attraction in terms of economy. With this, the Kyoto Protocol, 1997, supported by United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) gave a wonder full solution which may prove to be the golden midway between the reduction in pollution & the economy. Sustainable and clean renewable energy systems such as hybrid solar/wind electric generators can be used to eliminate or reduce carbon dioxide emissions by replacing old diesel, oil, gas or coal fired electric generators which emit greenhouse gases that produce global warming. Carbon sequestration credits or offsets are calculated by the amount of carbon emissions that would have been emitted if a diesel or other traditional polluting electric generator was used to produce the same amount of electricity. Companies and electric utilities in countries can buy these emission reduction carbon credits to replace the emissions from their coal burning electric power plants to meet regulatory requirements

Impact of Alternaria solani (Early blight) on cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in North-eastern region of India and identification of early blight disease resistant tomato genotypes

The present investigation was carried out to screen genotypes for resistance to Early blight disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) of North Eastern region of India. Field trial was conducted in the Experimental Farm, Department of Horticulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat during the years 2012-13 and 2013-14 consecutively. The disease severity of tomato genotypes was assessed by 0-5 points scale, percent Disease Incidence (PDI). Of the total materials screened, Sel-35 (TLBRH-6 X Konbilahi) and Sel-19 (TLBRH-6 X Konbilahi) were highly resistant, 7 were resistant, 14 were moderately resistant, 16 were susceptible and 6 were highly susceptible under field condition after inoculation during both years. The genotype having high yield and resistant to early blight was 10/TOLCVRES-3. The genotypes resistant to early blight but having low yield (Sel-35, Sel-19, Sel-9 and Sel-16) may be utilized in future breeding programme for improving yield through selection for higher fruit weight and fruit diameter. Alternatively, they may be used as parents in hybridization or backcrossing programme in order to transfer the gene for resistance to early blight to already adapted high yield varieties