Investigation into the "Fun" Aspect of Family Vacations

Families have been traveling for vacations for decades, with the motive to have fun and enjoy themselves. However academic literature has sparsely delved into the meaning of fun and examined its components. This study examined the concept of fun in a family vacation context. Specifically it aimed to understand if fun led to increased collective family on-the-spot behavior, which, in turn led to increased life satisfaction and greater identification with the collective identity of the family in terms of values and beliefs. The study also investigated whether fun can directly influence life satisfaction and family identity. A quantitative approach using a survey is was employed in this study. The results of the study suggested that when it came to family vacation travelers, destination managers should focus on aspects of fun that lead to greater familial togetherness and life satisfaction. By catering to the needs of the family to bond and feel togetherness, destination managers can likely benefit from higher customer satisfaction and possibly more future loyalty from the families that travel for a vacation

Molecular basis of resistance in wheat varieties against spot blotch disease

During present investigation, among the six wheat genotypes tested against six isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana, the genotype BOW‘S’ showed resistance response against three isolates, namely, BS-D-1, BS-DWRK-2 and BS-K-4, whereas moderately resistance response against remaining 3 isolates i.e. BS-F-3, BS-P-5 and BS-V-6.The genotype A-9-30-1 showed almost highly susceptible response against each isolate except BS-D-1 which exhibited susceptible reaction on this genotype. Thus, it is clear that genotype BOW ‘S’ has broad genetic base for resistance, whereas genotype A-9-30-1 has no gene for resistance against these six isolates tested. Remaining five genotypes showed varying response, ranging from highly susceptible, susceptible, moderately susceptible, moderately resistant and resistant against various isolates of B. sorokiniana tested

Taxation Aspects of Foreign Investments in India

This paper will outline, discuss and suggest changes in various provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961, applying to foreign investments. Chapter II of this paper explores the general underlying principles of the Indian tax system. Chapter III discusses the tax liability of foreign personnel in India and special tax incentives granted to foreign technicians. Chapter IV discusses the system of corporate taxation or “resident” and non-resident” companies and tax liability of foreign collaborators. Special attention is paid to the liability arising out of various trading activities of non-resident companies in India and many problems of judicial determination relating to such activities. Investment and savings incentives are discussed in Chapter V. Chapter VI discusses to what extent U.S. inventor is entitled to tax relief under U.S. foreign tax credit laws. The paper concludes with taking an overall view of the tax impact on foreign investments and to what extent foreign companies can benefit from India’s effort to attract investments

Management of sheath blight in rice through application of Validamycin, Trichoderma harzianum and Pseudomonas fluorescence

Eleven different combinations of Trichoderma harzianum, Psedumonas fluorescens and Validamycin 3L, were applied at different crop stages viz. seed, seedling, tillering and symptoms initiation along with one application of Carbendazim as standard control to test their efficacy against sheath blight of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani under field condition. One application of Carbendazim @ 0.1% at the time of symptoms initiation (with 81.36 percent reduction of disease incidence, 83.17 percent reduction in disease severity and 62.92 percent inhancement in yield) and seed treatment with Trichoderma harzianum and seedling root dipping with Pseudomonas fluorescens and two spraying of Validamycin i.e. at tillering and symptoms initiation stages (with 69.10 percent reduction of disease incidence,83.17 percent reduction in disease severity and 62.49 percent inhancement in yield) were found to be equally and highly effective in reducing the sheath blight severity and in increasing rice grain yield also. One spraying of Validamycin at symptoms initiation stage was comparatively less effective (29.54 per cent reduction in disease incidence,53.46 per cent reduction in disease severity and 47.76 per cent enhancement in yield ) than one spraying of Carbendazim at symptoms initiation stage

Synthesis, Characterization and Antitumour Activity of Metal Complexes of 5-Carboxy-2-Thiouracil

Metal complexes of 5-carboxy-2-thiouracil with Mn(ll), Co(ll), Ni(ll), Cu(ll), Zn(ll) and Cd(ll) ions were synthesized, characterized, and subjected to a screening system for evaluation of antitumour activity against Sarcoma-180 (S-180) tumour cells. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared, electronic spectra, room temperature magnetic measurements and powder X-ray diffraction. The antitumour activity results indicate that some complexes have antitumour activity both in vivo and in vitro against S-180 tumour cells

A CRITICAL APPRAISAL ON AGEING PROCESS IN AYURVEDA

Ayurveda being essentially the science of life and longevity narrates all aspects of life and puts special emphasis on Jara (ageing). The world population of the elderly is increasing and by the year 2030, older persons are projected to account for one in six people globally. Ageing is a process of unfavorable progressive changes associated with decline in vigor and ending in death. It is an irreversible and inevitable process and has multidimensional aspects. Everyone must undergo this phase of life at his/her own life. In Ayurveda, Jara (ageing) is clearly defined as that which has lost age means become old by the act of degeneration of bodily tissues and organs. It is described of two types- Kalaja jara and Akalaja jara. The Kalaja jara (timely ageing) can be regarded as chronological ageing where Dhatukshaya occurs whereas the Akalajajara (premature ageing) which occurs untimely i.e., before its prescribed time it can be regarded as biological ageing and is more intense than that of the chronological ageing. Several concepts are reported in Ayurveda regarding ageing process e.g, decade wise ageing process is described by Acharya Vagbhat and Sharangdhara. According to them one particular bodily feature is being degraded by each decade of lifespan, in the same way multiple theories are also analyzed in contemporary science. The whole biology of ageing has been dealt in present article within the Ayurvedic frame

Evidence of mobile carriers with Charge Ordering gap in Epitaxial Pr0.625_{0.625}Ca0.375_{0.375}MnO3_{3} Thin Films

Epitaxial thin films of charge-ordered Pr$_{0.625}$Ca$_{0.375}$MnO$_{3}$ have been studied using variable temperature Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS). The as grown films were found to be granular while the annealed films show atomic terraces at all temperatures and are found to be electronically homogeneous in 78-300K temperature range. At high temperatures (T$>$T$_{CO}\approx$ 230 K) the local tunnel spectra of the annealed films show a depression in the density of states (DOS) near Fermi energy implying a pseudogap with a significant DOS at E$_F$. The gap feature becomes more robust with cooling with a sharp jump in DOS at E$_F$ at T$_{CO}$ and with a gap value of $\sim$0.3 eV at 78K. At low temperatures we find a small but finite DOS at E$_F$ indicative of some delocalized carriers in the CO phase together with an energy gap. This is consistent with bulk transport, which shows weakening of the activation gap with cooling below 200K, and indicates the presence of two types of carriers at low temperatures.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Pheromones and their role as aphrodisiacs: A review

AbstractSince the beginning of the human existence on the earth reproductive biology remained a main concern of research because of its importance. It is widely recognized and demonstrated that odors play an important role in mammalian reproduction. A large number of studies have been carried out in humans, in order to investigate possible pheromones, their properties, mechanism of action, and possible receptors for their action. Till now scientific studies indicated that humans use olfactory communication and are even able to produce and perceive certain pheromones. This review article aims to highlight the role of human pheromones as aphrodisiac