Comparative analysis of medical pharmacology books based on competency based undergraduate curriculum followed by MBBS student in Rani Durgavati Medical College, Banda

Background: National Medical Commission (NMC) has implemented competency based undergraduate curriculum for training of new M.B.B.S. students. As per these curriculum authors of Medical Pharmacology books also changed their book content to fulfill the subject requirement.Methods: A systematic comparison of books carried out in department of pharmacology Rani Durgawati Medical College, Banda, Uttar Pradesh. There was comparison of 5 books of medical pharmacology of Indian author belongs to edition after 2019. The books included were Essentials of Medical Pharmacology (Jaypee Publication, 8th Edition, 2021), Medical Pharmacology (CBS Publishers And Distributors Pvt Ltd, 7th Edition, 2021), Pharmacology and Pharmacotherepeutics (Elsvier Publication, 26th Edition, 2021), Pharmacology for MBBS (Avichal Publication Company, 2nd edition, 2021) and Pharmacology for Medical Graduates (Elsvier Publication, 4th Edition, 2020). All the books were examined for the competencies described in the pharmacology syllabus. The table was prepared for the availability of topics according to the competencies of different section of syllabus. The chapter/page numbers mentioned in competency table were looked upon for the respective competencies and presence or absence of the topic was noted down.Results: All the books mainly covered competency given in the knowledge section of the syllabus. Few competencies in skill and communication sections were also covered in the text books.Conclusions: When all the five books were evaluated according to pharmacology competency in syllabus, none of the books covered whole pharmacology syllabus. This may be because authors considered the competency topics in skill and communication section as a part of practical or because many practical books or manuals are available in the market which covered topics in these sections

Small Farm Goat Production in Semi-Arid Region of Uttar Pradesh

Majority of selected goat farmers were landless and marginal (69%) with an annual average income of Rs.I9200.00. However, average income of small and medium goat farmers were about Rs.25500.00.Ownership pattern of goats revealed that about 78% goats were owned by the landless and marginal farmers. Majority of the farmers had Barbari/Barbari type goats (54%) followed by non-descript (43%) and Sirohi type goats (3%). Furthermore, 69 per cent goat houses were of Kaccha type and 49 per cent of selected respondent availed private veterinary services for their goats however, 40 percent of the goat farmers used home remedies. Merely, 11 per cent of the respondents visited government veterinary hospitals Though, poor socio-economic status cannot be ignore for the goat improvement in study village, some policy support is imperative to encourage goat farmers for their overall development

Aryabhata and the Construction of the First Trigonometric Table

Few among us would know that the first mention of the sine and the enumeration of the first sine table are to be credited to Aryabhata. The method to generate this relies on the sine difference formula which is derived using ingenious arguments based on similar triangles. We describe how this was done. In order to make our presentation pedagogical we take a unit circle and radians instead of the (now) archaic notation in the Aryabhatiya and its commentators. We suggest a couple of exercise problems and invite the enterprising student to try their hands. We also point out that his sine and the second sine difference identities are related to the finite difference calculus we now routinely use to calculate derivatives and second derivatives. An understanding of these trigonometric identities and preparation of the sine table will enable a student to get an appreciation of the path breaking work of Aryabhata.Comment: 11 pages and 2 figures one of the figures is .png the other figure is embedded as tik

Employee recognition policies and programs for medical and non medical staff in a public and a private hospital in a metropolitan city of India: a comparative study

Background: Employee recognition has been linked to such positive outcomes as job satisfaction, organizational and career commitment, cohesion and collaboration, and perceived organizational support. A lack of meaningful recognition has been linked to negative outcomes such as absenteeism and turnover, stress and burnout, and decreased quality of patient care.Methods: A comprehensive descriptive and comparative cross-sectional study on employee recognition policies and programs for medical and non-medical staff in a public and a private hospital in India was conducted from April 2012 to October 2012. A 200 bedded public hospital with the staff strength of 140 and a 110 bedded private hospital with total staff strength of 160 participated in the study.Results: There were no doctors or technicians who did not enjoy their job. There were small number of nurses who didn’t enjoy the job (8% and 10% in public and private hospital respectively). For housekeeping staff, there was much variability in the option for, “Somewhat Enjoy” from 14% to 45% in public and private hospital respectively. Majority of doctors (87.5% and 80%) in public and private hospital respectively, were unhappy with the workload of their job. Also, significant number of nurses (44% and 27.5%) and technicians (20% and 20%) in public and private hospital respectively, were unhappy with the workload of their job.Conclusions: It is well established that good salary structure, good promotion opportunities and good training is important for employee satisfaction, but employee recognition also plays an important role

Leaching behavior of vitreous fertilizers for application as plant nutrients

In view of significant role of macro and micro nutrient elements for increasing the food production to feed the growing population along with maintaining soil fertility, glassy fertilizers to supply  the said need were prepared in the laboratory. The main objective of the present work is to study the role of different nutrient elements in the glass composition to be used as fertilizers. This has been aimed to provide a better substitution of chemical fertilizers because of its specific nature of leachability in aqueous medium. In the present research paper, the combined varying effect of different nutrient elements such as P, B, Zn, Fe, Cu, K and Si has been investigated using different experimental techniques

FABRICATION AND STUDY OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA FIBER REINFORCED POLYMER COMPOSITES

Fabrication of polymer composites reinforced with lignocellulosic materials has increased considerably during the last few years. This work reports the synthesis of natural fiber reinforced phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin matrix based polymer composite using a compression molding technique. Initially the PF resin was prepared by varying the concentration of formaldehyde with a fixed weight of phenol. Polymeric resin of different P: F ratios were subjected for optimization of their mechanical properties. The sample ratio of 1:1.5 (P: F) was found to possess maximum mechanical strength. Then reinforcing of this optimized resin was done by taking different ratios of Hibiscus Sabdariffa (HS) fiber in short form (3mm) to prepare green polymer composites. Polymer composite materials thus prepared were subjected to evaluation of their mechanical properties such as tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength, and wear resistance, etc. Optimum mechanical properties were obtained with a fibre loading of 30%.Thermal (TGA/DTA/DTG) and morphological studies (SEM) of the polymeric resin, and composites thus synthesized have also been studied. The results obtained suggest that these fibers can be a superior candidate for the reinforcement of high performance polymer composites

Nuevo marco para utilizar la minería de datos y reglas de asociación para la clasificación de la gravedad de accidentes de tráfico

Introduction: Traffic accidents are an undesirable burden on society. Every year around one million deaths and more than ten million injuries are reported due to traffic accidents. Hence, traffic accidents prevention measures must be taken to overcome the accident rate. Different countries have different geographical and environmental conditions and hence the accident factors diverge in each country. Traffic accident data analysis is very useful in revealing the factors that affect the accidents in different countries. This article was written in the year 2016 in the Institute of Technology & Science, Mohan Nagar, Ghaziabad, up, India. Methology: We propose a framework to utilize association rule mining (arm) for the severity classification of traffic accidents data obtained from police records in Mujjafarnagar district, Uttarpradesh, India. Results: The results certainly reveal some hidden factors which can be applied to understand the factors behind road accidentality in this region. Conclusions: The framework enables us to find three clusters from the data set. Each cluster represents a type of accident severity, i.e. fatal, major injury and minor/no injury. The association rules exposed different factors that are associated with road accidents in each category. The information extracted provides important information which can be employed to adapt preventive measures to overcome the accident severity in Muzzafarnagar district.Introducción: los accidentes de tránsito son una carga indeseable para la sociedad. Cada año se reportan alrededor de un millón de muertes y más de diez millones de lesiones debido a accidentes de tráfico. Por lo tanto, se deben implementar medidas de prevención de accidentes de tráfico para superar la tasa de accidentalidad. Los países tienen diferentes condiciones geográficas y ambientales y, por ello, las variables que inciden varían en cada país. El análisis de los datos de accidentes de tráfico es muy útil para revelar los factores o variables que inciden en la accidentalidad en diferentes países. Este artículo fue escrito en el 2016 en el Instituto de Tecnología y Ciencia, Mohan Nagar, Ghaziabad, UP, India. Metodología: proponemos un marco para utilizar la minería de datos y reglas de asociación (arm) para la clasificación de severidad de los datos de accidentes de tráfico obtenidos de registros policiales en eldistrito de Mujjafarnagar, Uttarpradesh, India Resultados: los resultados revelan ciertamente algunos factores ocultos que se pueden aplicar para entender las variables detrás de la accidentalidad de tráfico en esta región. Conclusiones: el marco permite establecer tres categorías en el conjunto de datos que representan el tipo de gravedad del accidente: fatal, lesiones graves, y lesiones menores o inexistentes. Las reglas de asociación expusieron diferentes factores relacionados con los accidentes de tráfico en cada categoría. Los datos extraídos proporcionan información importante que se puede emplear para adaptar las medidas preventivas para superar la gravedad de los accidentes de tráfico en el distrito de Muzzafarnagar

Robot and Sensor Networks for First Responders

A network of distributed mobile sensor systems can help first responders during emergencies. Experiments conducted at a burning building with firefighters show the sensors’ potential to localize themselves and acquire and combine information, providing an integrative view of a dynamically changing environment

A comparative study of efficacy of tadalafil and alfuzosin regimens in patients of benign prostate hyperplasia

Background: Aim of the study was to compare efficacy of Tadalafil and Alfuzosin regimens in patients of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia.Methods: It was a comparative, prospective, observational, non-invasive, parallel and randomised study conducted at the Outpatient Department of Urology, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. 60 patients diagnosed with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia along with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, out which, 30 patients, consuming Tadalafil and 30 patients consuming Alfuzosin were considered. History regarding the concerned disease and the compliance of treatment was taken. Symptom scores were assessed with the help of International Prostate Symptom Score, Quality of Lifestyle Score and Erectile Dysfunction Score. Physical examination consisting of Focused Neurological Examination along with Digital Rectal Examination were conducted. Parameters like Renal Function Test, Urine analysis, Ultrasound of Prostate and uroflowmetry were also considered.Results: The mean age selected for study was 64 years for Tadalafil and Alfuzosin group. The mean level of IPS Score, Qol Score and ED Score at the first day of inclusion of patients were 23.96±4.49, 4±0.78, and 25.33±4.02 respectively for Tadalafil group and regarding Alfuzosin group they were 25.23±4.84, 3.56±0.81, and 26.1±4.04 respectively. Follow ups were conducted at 15 days, 1 month and 3 months for both the groups which were found to be statistically significant after 3 months and Alfuzosin showed a favourable result.Conclusions: Alfuzosin 10mg given at daily dose was found to have higher efficacy than Tadalafil (5mg)