Surface mass balance analysis at Naradu Glacier, Western Himalaya, India

Funding Information: The authors would like to acknowledge the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India, for research grants (Ref. No. SR/DGH/HP-1/2009 and SB/DGH-92/2014). We acknowledge the facility of the DST-FIST supported GIS Laboratory of the Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan, India, where the maps are prepared on geographical information system (ArcGIS 10.1; version 10.1 and authorization number: EFL691568009-1010). The freely available data on India shapefile (http://www.diva-gis.org/ gdata), Digital Elevation Model (DEM) at NASA Earth Data (https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/) and satellite images acquired from USGS (https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/) is thankfully acknowledged. The mass balance data of other parts of Himalaya has been compared, and we thankfully acknowledge the contribution of authors who made it available through their publications. The authors are grateful to the editors and reviewers for their comments/suggestions that helped us to improve the earlier version of the manuscript. The valuable input in the manuscript’s language by Dr. Richard Armstrong, National Snow and Ice Data Center, Colorado, is thankfully acknowledged. The authors acknowledge the local mountain people (Chitkul, District Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh) and porters from Nepal for helping with the glacier fieldwork. We also thank the International Trans Himalayan agency for providing the necessary logistics during the fieldwork.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Comparative study of electroencephalography changes in dementia

Background: Dementia affected about 46 million people in 2015and this number will roughly triple within the next 40 years. In 2011 Alzheimer's Disease International argue that dementia has become one of the most urgent health and social care challenges of the 21st century and its potential effect on economies around the world is attracting global attention. Predicting dementia in the early stages would be essential for better treatment before significant brain damage occurs. Current difficulty is the lack of specific biomarkers. In some previous studies electroencephalography (EEG) have shown the capability to identify dementia early and even classify the degree of its severity at a lower cost for mass screening. The aim and objective of this study was to EEG changes in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD) or dementia where no cause is identifiable, to measure severity of dementia by using DSR scale in different subjects and to correlate DSRS with EEG findings.Methods: Study sample was the 40 patients in each three groups- Dementia patients without any known cause of dementia or Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD), Vascular dementia (VaD) patients and Controls (age and sex matched subjects scoring more than the cut of score on dementia Scale). Written informed consent will be taken after explaining the objectives and procedure of study in detail. EEG were recorded in eyes closed, on intermittent photic stimulation and hyperventilation, only eyes closed data was used in study and these data were entered in excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS Software, appropriate statistical test was applied wherever necessary.Results: Participants with VaD have theta waves while ADRD group have delta waves preponderance as compare to control.Conclusions: EEG can have additive value in diagnosing VaD as well as it alone can be helpful in differentiating healthy individuals from dementia patients

Ensuring On-Farm Production and Utilization of Fodder Planting Materials: A Case of Hybrid Napier in Rural Uttar Pradesh

Fodder and livestock rearing is sine-qui-non to each other. Feeding assumes highest share (60-70%) of total cost involved in livestock production. Making the green fodder available round the year to the cattle keepers is a great challenge. The country faces the current deficit of green and dried fodder to the extent of 40 percent. The current level of milk production in India to the extent of 128 mt which is expected to be 160 mt by 2050 demands 494 mt dried fodder, 825 mt green fodder and 54 mt of concentrate feed. Probably, it is beyond the capacity of any public or private sector organization to ensure the readily availability of seed and planting materials of fodder crops. The circumstances, thus, prompts to seek the alternative viable option for mitigation of on-farm fodder planting materials\u27 availability. This paper analyzes how empowering farmers for farmer-centric production and dissemination of planting materials for fodder crops can be evolved and validated

SOME RESULTS ON SEMI-REFLEXIVITY AND REFLEXIVITY IN LOCALLY CONVEX SPACES

In this paper we discuss that if E[] is a barreled space such that every bounded subset of E is relatively compact, then E[] is reflexive, and that a barreled space E[τ] in which there is a denumerable system of convex compact subsets is reflexive. We also discuss Some hereditary-type properties of reflexive locally convex spaces. Keywords: Bornological space, barreled, hereditarily-reflexive, M-space, quasi-complete, reflexive, strong dual. AMS (2010) Mathematics Subject Classification: 46A25

Effect of Fodder Demonstrations in Rainfed Multi-location Conditions of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand

Presently green fodder availability is 64.66 M tons and dry fodder (64.23 M tons.) in Uttar Pradesh, India., the green fodder deficit is 28.3% and dry fodder surplus by 14.1% respectively. Whereas, in Uttrakhand. Green fodder availability is 4.07 M tons and dry fodder 2.83 M tons, green fodder deficit is 48.1% and dry fodder 42.1%. There are many limitations affecting the forage production such as small holding of farmers and preferential need of food grains crops, limited availability of quality seed of improved varieties of fodder crops, low priority for investment in fodder production by the farmers. There is varied problem soils (acid, salt affected and water logged) prevailing in the area, lack of post harvest management for surplus fodder, no priority for fodder seed production by the farmers/seed producing agencies, no MSP for any of the fodder crops and lack of mechanization in fodder farming. Therefore, Nation Initiative on Fodder Technology Demonstrations will focus on increasing productivity through adoption of improved and appropriate technology best suited to the agro-climatic conditions in the zone in both arable and non-arable land. The objective of the technology demonstration is i). Accelerating production of fodder through promotion of fodder production, conservation and utilization enhancing the availability of the fodder throughout the year ii). Developing seed and planting material demonstrations units at KVK for fulfill the requirements of their vicinity. iii). Establishing back ward and forward linkages with different stake holders for profitable forage based life style husbandry

Multivariate statistical analysis and geospatial approach for evaluating hydro‑geochemical characteristics of meltwater from Shaune Garang glacier, Himachal Pradesh, India

Acknowledgements The present support of the Department of Science and Technology as a research project (DST/CCP/NHC/159/2018(G)) became instrumental in utilizing the human resources for the analysis of the results. The financial support of the USAID project (CHARIS) for carrying out fieldwork is thankfully acknowledged. The analysis is made at the DST supported FIST Lab in the Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Rajasthan. The support is thankfully acknowledged. We would like to thank reviewers for taking the time and effort necessary to review the manuscript. We sincerely appreciate all valuable comments and suggestions which helped us to improve the quality of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPostprin

Quantifying the Congruence between Air and Land Surface Temperatures for Various Climatic and Elevation Zones of Western Himalaya

The authors would like to acknowledge National Snow and Ice Data Centre, USA and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USA for providing freely available MODIS satellite products and Global Historical Climatology Network station data, respectively. The authors are also grateful to India Meteorology Department (IMD), India, Bhakhra Beas Management Board (BBMB), India and Hendrik Wulf, University of Zurich, Switzerland for providing the station data. A.B. acknowledges the Swedish Research Council for supporting his research in Himalaya. M.S. acknowledges Director, Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences and Birbal Sahni Research Associate fellowship.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Pengimunan protein rekombinan SAG2 Eimeria tenella melindungi ayam terhadap kesan penyakit koksidiosis

Pengawalan penyakit koksidiosis ayam yang disebabkan oleh jangkitan parasit Eimeria melibatkan penggunaan vaksin hidup. Namun, kaedah ini mempunyai batasan disebabkan kos pengeluarannya yang tinggi secara relatif dan hanya memberikan perlindungan yang terhad disebabkan oleh sifat Eimeria yang khusus-hos. Justeru, vaksin rekombinan diperkenalkan sebagai strategi alternatif. Antigen permukaan-2 (SAG2) Eimeria tenella telah dikenal pasti berupaya merangsang gerak balas imun ayam berikutan jangkitan. Oleh itu, dalam kajian ini, protein rekombinan SAG2 terlarut telah dihasil dan digunakan dalam pengimunan ayam. Hasil ELISA menggunakan sampel ayam terimun menunjukkan bahawa program pengimunan berjaya merangsang penghasilan antibodi-khusus SAG2 pada ayam terimun. Antibodi IgG, IgM dan IgA khusus-SAG2 pada serum ayam berjaya dikesan selepas suntikan perangsang yang pertama, manakala IgA rembesan khusus-SAG2 dikesan pada sampel kandungan mukosa ayam yang telah melengkapkan keseluruhan program pengimunan. Ayam seterusnya telah diberikan jangkitan cabaran oosista tersporulasi E. tenella. Hasil menunjukkan bahawa ayam terimun menghasilkan bilangan oosista yang lebih rendah berbanding dengan ayam tidak terimun (p<0.05) dan ini mencadangkan keupayaan protein rekombinan SAG2 untuk melindungi ayam terhadap kesan jangkitan E. tenella. Secara keseluruhannya, hasil kajian ini menunjukkan kesesuaian protein rekombinan SAG2 E. tenella sebagai calon vaksin rekombinan bagi penyakit koksidiosis

Monitoring Wheat Residue Burning in India using Satellite Remote Sensing during 2022

Not AvailableThis bulletin provides information on real-time Monitoring Wheat Residue Burning in India using Satellite Remote Sensing during 2022: April 10, 2022. Tables and maps are included to show precise location of each residue burning event detected. The maps of residue burning are also uploaded on ICAR KRISHI Geoportal website. The monitoring has been undertaken as per the "Standard Protocol for Estimation of Crop Residue Burning Fire Events using Satellite Data" developed on the directions of "Commission for Air Quality Management in National Capital Region and Adjoining Areas'' (http://geoportal.icar.gov.in:8080/geoexplorer/composer/, a part of KRISHI Portal: https://krishi.icar.gov.in initiative).Not Availabl

Monitoring Wheat Residue Burning in India using Satellite Remote Sensing during 2022

Not AvailableThis bulletin provides information on real-time Monitoring Wheat Residue Burning in India using Satellite Remote Sensing during 2022: April 11, 2022. Tables and maps are included to show precise location of each residue burning event detected. The maps of residue burning are also uploaded on ICAR KRISHI Geoportal website. The monitoring has been undertaken as per the "Standard Protocol for Estimation of Crop Residue Burning Fire Events using Satellite Data" developed on the directions of "Commission for Air Quality Management in National Capital Region and Adjoining Areas'' (http://geoportal.icar.gov.in:8080/geoexplorer/composer/, a part of KRISHI Portal: https://krishi.icar.gov.in initiative).Not Availabl