Design of Square Patch Microstrip Antenna for Circular Polarization Using IE3D Software

Communication between humans was first by sound through voice. With the desire for slightly more distance communication came, devices such as drums, then, visual methods such as signal flags and smoke signals were used. These optical communication devices, of course, utilized the light portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. It has been only very recent in human history that the electromagnetic spectrum, outside the visible region, has been employed for communication, through the use of radio. One of humankind’s greatest natural resources is the electromagnetic spectrum and the antenna has been instrumental in harnessing this resource.The thesis provides a detailed study of how to design and fabricate a probe-fed Square Microstrip Patch Antenna using IE3D software and study the effect of antenna dimensions Length (L), and substrate parameters relative Dielectric constant (εr), substrate thickness (t) on the Radiation parameters of Bandwidth and Beam-width

Evaluation of efficacy and safety of intraarticular injections of leucocyte poor platelet rich plasma in osteoarthritis knee patients

Background: The present study evaluates the safety and efficacy of intraarticular injections of leucocyte poor platelet rich plasma (LP-PRP) in osteoarthritis (OA) knee patients. Patients with early osteoarthritis (K-L grading 1 and 2)-clinically and radiologically and those who gave consent to participate in the study were injected with 2.4 ml per knee of LP-PRP over unilateral or bilateral knees at 0, 1, 2 and 6 months of LP-PRP injections. Methods: 100 patients with osteoarthritis knee pain were injected with LP-PRP at 0.1.2 months on OPD basis. LP-PRP was prepared in a centrifugation machine at 2000 RPM for 4 minutes and 2000 RPM for 10 minutes for two consecutive times and then injected into knee with a medial suprapatellar approach using 20/21 G needle. This was repeated at 1 and 2 months of follow-up. Assessment of efficacy in terms of pain relief was done on the basis of visual analog score (VAS) and clinical outcomes on the basis of knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome scores (KOOS) at 0, 1, 2, 6 months following injection of LP-PRP. Results: The mean VAS at pre-injection was 7.22±0.965 which reduced to 3.06±1.223 at post-injection follow-up at 6 months. The mean KOOS at pre injection was 33.4±7.51 which increased to 78.86±8.80 at post-injection follow-up at 6 months. Conclusions: LP-PRP has emerged as an intriguing therapy option for knee OA, and our study has shown that it is effective after 6 months

Stacking Order Driven Optical Properties and Carrier Dynamics in ReS2

Two distinct stacking orders in ReS2 are identified without ambiguity and their influence on vibrational, optical properties and carrier dynamics are investigated. With atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), two stacking orders are determined as AA stacking with negligible displacement across layers, and AB stacking with about a one-unit cell displacement along the a axis. First-principle calculations confirm that these two stacking orders correspond to two local energy minima. Raman spectra inform a consistent difference of modes I & III, about 13 cm-1 for AA stacking, and 20 cm-1 for AB stacking, making a simple tool for determining the stacking orders in ReS2. Polarized photoluminescence (PL) reveals that AB stacking possesses blue-shifted PL peak positions, and broader peak widths, compared with AA stacking, indicating stronger interlayer interaction. Transient transmission measured with femtosecond pump probe spectroscopy suggests exciton dynamics being more anisotropic in AB stacking, where excited state absorption related to Exc. III mode disappears when probe polarization aligns perpendicular to b axis. Our findings underscore the stacking-order driven optical properties and carrier dynamics of ReS2, mediate many seemingly contradictory results in literature, and open up an opportunity to engineer electronic devices with new functionalities by manipulating the stacking order

Tudor women writers fashioning masculinity

This thesis contributes to the growing interest in early modern masculinity and its literary representations by introducing texts by women writers into dialogue with their male-authored counterparts. It argues for a more nuanced approach that recognises that the concepts of masculinity and femininity can only be fully understood when studied in relation with each other. The first chapter explores how, notwithstanding the wisdom of conduct books and marriage guides, the demands of the state may not always be commensurate with those of the domestic realm and shows that this conflict necessitates a rethinking of existing definitions of masculinity by focusing on selected writings of the Tudor sisters Mary and Elizabeth and Jane Fitzalan’s *Tragedie of Iphigeneia*. The second chapter identifies how Elizabeth’s unique discursive strategies were designed to elicit support from her male subjects and subdue the belligerence that simmered under polemic like John Stubbs’ *Gaping Gulf*. In her letters to Anjou, the chapter examines how Elizabeth manoeuvred around her position as a beloved and as a monarch to fashion a husband who would not only be sympathetic but also subordinate to her political authority. This chapter also shows how the fabulous world of John Lyly’s *Galatea* consummates the Queen’s desire for the ideal male subject. The final chapter investigates the construction of martial manhood. It juxtaposes Mary Sidney’s *The Tragedy of Antonie* with William Shakespeare’s *Antony and Cleopatra* to determine how the figure of Cleopatra, common to both plays, challenges and revises the martial code of masculinity as embodied by Antony. By examining the authorial position appropriated by Cleopatra in the plays and its impact on the narrative, this chapter also extends this thesis’ interest in the extent to which female characters within texts compete for diegetic control with male protagonists

A Queer and Decolonial Gaze at Criticality in EAP

This presentation critiques the putative understanding of criticality – and corresponding pedagogical practices aimed at fostering it – in the British approach to teaching EAP. The theoretical framework for this research draws on queer theory, postcolonial theory, and Bourdieu to examine respectively: the manner in which normative academic identities are created and consolidated through hegemonic practices in academic writing; orientation or acculturation programmes in EAP that are directed principally, albeit not exclusively, at international students, which, when juxtaposed with the sector’s avowed commitment to diversity and internationalisation, creates a paradox; and criticality as a form of cultural capital accrued through sustained engagement with Socratic pedagogy with its implications for EAP curricula and assessments.Conceptual by design and nature, the presentation will nevertheless offer at its close reflections on practice at the University of St Andrews. In particular, the lecture shall consider how some of these complexities are addressed in the new Masters in International Education, of which I am the Programme Director, and showcase the university’s current efforts in applying for Advance HE’s Race Equality Charter award.While the presentation engages with several of the conference’s themes, it intertwines ‘critical pedagogy’, ‘identity, gender and equality’, and ‘current educational policies’ in its argument

A Pair Of Homotextual Lovers: Bhansali's Ram-Leela and Shakespeare's Romeo & Juliet

Singh’s subject of study is the song-and-dance routines in Bollywood Shakespeare which, he contests, are met with both ‘derision or fascination’ in the West and either ‘compel the critic to offer an apology or demand accommodation’. In either case, he argues that these are characterized as something ‘strange’ to Western sensibilities and Shakespeare. Rebelling against this approach, his chapter uses queer theory and the concept of ‘homohistory’ (as nurtured by Goldberg and Menon) to argue that these are not as far removed as critics would have us believe. Offering a close reading of the song-and-dance sequences in Sanjay Leela Bhansali’s Ram-Leela along with Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, this chapter makes us see familiarity and sameness instead of strangeness and difference. In doing so, it asserts that we attune ourselves to the musicality of Bollywood Shakespeare and ‘recognize Bollywood as a part of rather than apart from a long tradition of musical renderings of Shakespeare’

The Queen's Two Bodies and the Elizabethan Male Subject in John Lyly's Gallathea (1592)

This article reads John Lyly’s Gallathea as an experiment in the representation of Elizabeth in the political context specific to the mid- to late-1580s. The argument diverges from the critical tradition that regards the play as part of a series of attempts to promote representations of Elizabeth as the Virgin Queen, which included Lyly’s Endimion. The article presents Gallathea as introducing a parallel strain in Elizabethan political discourse where, instead of being divorced from one another, female sexuality and female authority exist in a state of happy union. Concomitantly, the article highlights how Gallathea gestures towards a new code of manhoodand courtliness that does not regard the union between female sexuality and authority as a cause for anxiety, thereby showcasing Lyly himself as the ideal male subject in this discursive realm, equally desirous of and deserving Elizabeth’s patronage

Critical voices in management education in the UK

This chapter looks back over the past thirty years of the critical management education (CME) project as expressed in the UK academic literature. The UK – with its much shorter experience of business schools and with a distinct social science bias – has had the opportunity in the past to pursue educational approaches that disrupt and destabilize the idea of management as a disinterested skill set. But recent funding changes in the UK higher education sector and the reliance on business schools to generate fee income for the wider institution has started to bring the UK more into line with the US and also other professional school models. The UK educational literature suggests that the scope for overt critical content and processes is narrowing

Ethnozoological Diversity of Northeast India: Empirical Learning with Traditional Knowledge Holders of Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh

18-30Northeast India harbors rich floral and faunal biodiversity. In their co-existence with the surrounding faunal resources, the native communities of the region have accumulated a rich body of ethno-zoological knowledge, which is now threatened due to globalization and other forces. In view of the importance of Ethnozoological resources in food, medicine and health, it has investigated and documented the vanishing Ethnozoological knowledge from different tribal communities of Arunachal and Mizoram. A field survey was made to collect primary source data. Further, secondary data were gathered through available literature and on-line sources. The primary data were documented through personal interviews using open-ended questions and group discussions with the experienced elderly people. A total of 39 aquatic and terrestrial species being used by Adi tribal peoples of East Siang district as food, medicine and/or for spiritual and cultural purposes were documented. We recorded Ethnozoological information from communities of Mizoram state on a total of 48 faunal species, of which 35 were reported to be used commonly for ethno-medical purposes, to treat coughs, asthma, tuberculosis, paralysis, earache, weakness, muscular pain, malarial fever, convulsion, diabetes, etc. We found that the Ethnozoological knowledge among young M<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic">izo tribal members, as well as younger Adi tribal members, was less than that of the older people in these communities. This information is still preliminary, and further scientific validation is required for a more complete understanding of the dynamics of these knowledge systems, their role in supporting human welfare is undeniable. Based on these findings, it is concluded that there is ample scope for collection, compilation and exploration of the bio-efficacy of ethnofaunal diversity in Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram, and sustainable conservation of species used in ethnomedicines and food systems must be ensured. </span