Comparison of superionic phases for some fluorine conducting materials

AbstractImpedance spectroscopy data for a several materials with high ionic conductivity in the temperature range 298–473 K were obtained and analyzed. Investigated systems included pure PbSnF4, KSn2F5, RbSn2F5 and solid solutions based on PbSnF4 and SnF2. The values of the dc conductivity and activation energies are estimated from the analysis of the conductivity spectra. The factors which influence on conductivity, phase transitions and activation energies in the given system have been established

Fluorocarbon materials produced by the thermo destruction of polytetrafluoroethylene and possibility of theirs application in Li/(CFx)n batteries

AbstractA few fluorocarbon compounds (CFx)n were produced by the original thermo-gas-dynamic destruction (TD) of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) at the high temperatures 530 and 550°C. The chemical composition, electrochemical and morphological properties of such materials were characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (XEDS) and compared to commercial fluorinated petroleum coke (CF1)n. The possibility of the application of the new obtained compounds as the cathode materials in primary lithium batteries was estimated. The differences of the investigated samples properties, which observed during electrochemical tests, are discussed

Electrochemistry of Klason Lignin

AbstractThe possibility of the use of Klason lignin extracted from sunflower husks as a cathode-active material for primary lithium battery has been demonstrated for the first time. The chemical composition, morphological and physical features were characterized by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. Electrochemical behavior of Klason lignin vs. Li/Li+ was studied by galvanostatic discharge and cyclic voltammetry. The reaction mechanism in electrochemical system was discussed. The maximum specific capacity of Klason lignin amounted to 380 mAh g–1 at a current density of 25mA g–1

Review of plasma electrolytic oxidation of titanium substrates: Mechanism, properties, applications and limitations

The plasma electrolytic oxidation is an innovative method for the surface treatment of titanium and its alloys. This review provides an overview of the historical development of the process and summarizes the current state of the art. The chemical as well as the electro- and plasma-chemical basics of the layer forming mechanisms, which comprises the substrate/electrolyte interface before discharge initiation and the different types and stages of plasma electrolytic discharge phenomena are explained within the context of titanium-based materials. How these phenomena can be influenced by the use of suitable electrolytes and controlled by the electrical regime is described. Subsequently, the microstructures and composition of the layers are described in detail, and the properties for specific applications are then discussed. The resistance of a PEO coating to corrosive environments, tribological factors, and alternating mechanical stress is viewed critically, and the extensive functional properties such as physiological compatibility, photocatalytic activity, and decorative properties are revealed. Finally, examples of various practical applications in the medical engineering, aviation, automotive, and environmental technology fields, as well as other branches of industry, are presented