Multiple novel prostate cancer susceptibility signals identified by fine-mapping of known risk loci among Europeans

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous common prostate cancer (PrCa) susceptibility loci. We have fine-mapped 64 GWAS regions known at the conclusion of the iCOGS study using large-scale genotyping and imputation in 25 723 PrCa cases and 26 274 controls of European ancestry. We detected evidence for multiple independent signals at 16 regions, 12 of which contained additional newly identified significant associations. A single signal comprising a spectrum of correlated variation was observed at 39 regions; 35 of which are now described by a novel more significantly associated lead SNP, while the originally reported variant remained as the lead SNP only in 4 regions. We also confirmed two association signals in Europeans that had been previously reported only in East-Asian GWAS. Based on statistical evidence and linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure, we have curated and narrowed down the list of the most likely candidate causal variants for each region. Functional annotation using data from ENCODE filtered for PrCa cell lines and eQTL analysis demonstrated significant enrichment for overlap with bio-features within this set. By incorporating the novel risk variants identified here alongside the refined data for existing association signals, we estimate that these loci now explain ∼38.9% of the familial relative risk of PrCa, an 8.9% improvement over the previously reported GWAS tag SNPs. This suggests that a significant fraction of the heritability of PrCa may have been hidden during the discovery phase of GWAS, in particular due to the presence of multiple independent signals within the same regio

Indigenous flowers of the Hawaiian islands /

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Indigenous flowers of the Hawaiian islands. Forty-four plates painted in water-colours and described by Mrs. Francis Sinclair, Jr.

QK473.H4 S6 1885

Does This Depression Make Me Look Liberal? Examining the Relationships between Depression, Social Desirability, and Political Ideology

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in the United States (Kessler el al., 2003) and has been shown to negatively impact political participation (Ojeda, 2015). However, research has seldom examined the relationship between depression and political ideology specifically (i.e., whether depressed persons are more likely to endorse leaning “left” or “right” politically). Social desirability has also previously been linked with depression and anxiety (Tanaka-Matsumi & Kameoka, 1986), but little is known regarding its relationship to political ideology. The purpose of this research project is to examine the interrelationships between symptoms of common psychiatric disorders (depression and anxiety), social desirability, political ideology, and religion. Uncovering potential relationships between the aforementioned variables will help researchers gain better insight into the interplay between affective variables and sociocultural facets, such as political ideology and religiosity. Participants (N = 165) completed a battery of questionnaires online via SONA, an online program utilized by the psychology department at Murray State University, including measures assessing depression, anxiety, political ideology, nicotine and alcohol use, and social desirability. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to investigate the following primary hypotheses: There will be a positive correlation between social desirability and depression, such that There will be a negative correlation between religion and social desirability, such that religious individuals will endorse lower levels of social desirability than areligious individuals. Depression and political ideology will be correlated, such that people with greater depression severity will identify as being more politically left-wing. Similarly, it is hypothesized that anxiety and political ideology will be correlated in the same manner, such that individuals endorsing greater anxiety symptomatology will also identify as being more politically left-wing. Correlational results indicated a significant positive correlation between depression and social desirability, as well as a significant negative correlation between religion and social desirability. These results suggest that individuals who identify as religious endorse lower levels of social desirability than do areligious individuals. Furthermore, depression and anxiety were both negatively associated with political ideology, suggesting that individuals endorsed higher levels of depression and anxiety identify more with left-wing political ideology than with right-wing political ideology (i.e., as lower scores on the political ideology scale reflect a preference for left/liberal-based stances). These findings reveal the importance of social desirability as a potential predictor of mental health symptoms, such as anxiety and depression. The results also suggest political ideology is associated with affective symptoms, and future research may further assess possible mediating or moderating factors that explain or impact these relationships. References: Grant, V., Stewart, S., O\u27Connor, R., Blackwell, E., & Conrod, P. (2007). Psychometric evaluation of the five-factor modified drinking motives questionnaire- revised in undergraduates. Addicted Behavior, 32, 2611-2632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.07.004 Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Koretz, D., Merikangas, K. R., Rush, A. J., Walters, E. E., Wang, P. S., & National Comorbidity Survey Replication (2003). The epidemiology of major depressive disorder: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). JAMA, 289(23), 3095–3105. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.289.23.3095 Ojeda, C. (2015). Depression and political participation. Social Science Quarterly, 96(1), 1226-1243. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.12173 Pedrelli, P., et al., Gender differences in the relationships among major depressive disorder, heavy alcohol use, and mental health treatment engagement among college students, Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 2016. DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2016.77.620. Tanaka-Matsumi, J., & Kameoka, V. A. (1986). Reliabilities and concurrent validities of popular self-report measures of depression, anxiety, and social desirability. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54(3), 328–333. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.54.3.32

Depression, Anxiety, Political Ideology & Social Desirability in College Students

Nearly half of the individuals who met a lifetime diagnosis for Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) also met a lifetime diagnosis of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD; Grant et al., 2005). Individuals within this sub-group of comorbid SAD and SUD are at higher risk for lifetime emotional, health, and social consequences (Grant et. al. 2005). Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and SUD are also frequently comorbid and tend to be more common among younger individuals, with evidence suggesting that these issues are also correlated with larger rates of disability and professional help-seeking and academic problems (Pedrelli et al., 2016). The purpose of this research project is to analyze the interrelationships between deviance (operationally defined as drinking and nicotine use) and common psychological problems such as anxiety and depression. We were also interested in investigating social desirability (i.e., a tendency to portray oneself in a positive light) as a potential moderator between deviance and depression and anxiety symptoms. We will also investigate the relationship between political ideology and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Data will be collected via an online survey through the SONA system at a moderately-sized Midwestern university. Regression and correlational analyses will be conducted to examine the following hypotheses: 1) Deviant behavior (drinking and nicotine use) will predict depression, such that those who engage in more deviant behavior will be more depressed 2) The relationship between depression and deviant behavior will be moderated by social desirability, such that low endorsement of social desirability will better explain the relationship between depression and deviant behavior and 3) The relationship between depression and political ideology will be mediated by deviant behavior

Letters from Donegal in 1886

Author identified in NUC pre-1956 NS 0572662.Mode of access: Internet