Multivariate Statistics and Heavy Metals Contamination in Beach Sediments from The Sakarya Canyon, Turkey

WOS: 000312621500066The aim of the study is to determine heavy metal contents and their possible origins that represent the variability of The Sakarya Canyon coastal sediments. In addition to determine the source of heavy metals (natural and anthropogenic), simple and multivariate statistical analyses were applied to the samples. In all the samples, ignition loss ratio is between 0.01-0.09. 47.26 % of the samples, which have 0.5-0.25 mm, show very good sorting. G10, G19, G20 and G21 reflect the conditions of the irregular sedimentary environment. The heavy metals, Fe, Mg, Ti, Cr, Zn, Pb and Cu, are considered to come from near regions according to frequency histograms. By principal component analysis (PCA; factor 1: 40.911 %; factor 2: 21.558 %; factor 3: 13.548 %) and cluster analysis, heavy metals were formed three (3) groups. According to hierarchical cluster analysis, Q-type cluster at the similarity level of 50 % form three (3) different groups and they show the same features during pollution. These results reveal that they are highly reliable data for statistical data of model summary (according to the value R-2 = 100) and Anova 21 explanation value. According to maximum abundances As:G4; Ni:G7; Mg, Ti, Mn, Fe, V, Cr, Co, Nb:G13; Cu, Zr, Sn:G20; Al, Zn, Ga, Cd, Pb:G22 stations showed the highest anomaly. Influence of anthropogenic can be constituted in this region coming from port wastes, mining operations, road pollution, urban wastes and industrial wastes.Scientific Research Projects Unit of Akdeniz UniversityThe financial support of the Scientific Research Projects Unit of Akdeniz University is gratefully acknowledged

FLUORIDE-CONTAINING ANTI-CARIES pH-SENSITIVE RELEASE SYSTEM AND ITS EFFECT ON STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of a newly developed anti-caries pH-sensitive controlled release system against Streptococcus mutans. For this purpose 9, 30, and 45 mg of NaF were placed in multilayer polymeric structures consisting of three layers: poly-L-lactide (PLLA), 8% Eudragit E 100 + Eudragit RS 100, and Chitosan. The amount of fluoride ion (F) released was determined with an ionmeter. In order to assess the effect of this antimicrobial material releasing NaF in a controlled manner on S. mutans, the proliferation of this organism was recorded by preparing test discs with a standard surface area containing the active ingredient. In all the groups the F release began when the pH fell under 5.5, after 6 hr, and the number of S. mutans declined. In conclusion, the newly developed controlled release system can release intraorally the fluoride ion with its anti-caries properties when the pH falls below 5.5 and it may help significantly to improve caries prevention