Contextual analysis of health care at discharge in leprosy: an integrative review

Objective: To analyze contextual relations of health care in the discharge of leprosy. Method: An analytical, reflexive study based on the theoretical framework of context analysis, elaborated through an integrative review of literature in the databases SCOPUS, PUBMED, LILACS, SCIELO and BDENF, with uncontrolled descriptors Leprosy and Patient Discharge, obtaining 14 publications. Results: The immediate context addresses health care at discharge in leprosy; the specific context treats leprosy as a public health problem; the symbolic conceptions and marks involving leprosy are encompassed by the general context; and in the metacontext are described the health programs and policies that subsidize the care of leprosy patients. Conclusion: The contextual elements emphasize the need to guarantee universal coverage of cases of leprosy, from diagnosis to the post-discharge, reinforcing leprosy as a public health problem. Despitehe limitations of the bibliographic studies, these have relevance for the health area

Contextual analysis of care for leprosy patients in primary health care

Objective: To analyze the contextual factors that influence the performance of nurses in primary health care front for leprosy patients. Method: The present work refers to an analytical essay based on the theoretical framework of contextual analysis, as a source of meaning and knowledge, in which the contextual levels are divided into four interactive layers: the immediate context, context specific and general context metacontext. Results: Contextual levels were presented in the following topics: actions of nurses in primary health care across the leprosy patient (immediate context); nurse's role in the scope of primary health care (specific context); beliefs, myths and fears that underlie the leprosy (general context), and policies that subsidize care for leprosy patients (metacontext). Conclusion: Be better understood phenomenon, identifying the nursing actions directed to the object of study proposed permeate layers interactive context

The nurse and the theme of leprosy in the school context: case studies

Objective: Assessing the knowledge of students about Hansen's disease and providing health education actions. Method: Case studies on the implementation of extension activity focused on health education about leprosy, held in a public school, involving 190 high school students, aged between 16 and 23 years old, of both sexes. Ethical principles for research involving human subjects were considered after approval by the Committee of Ethics in Research, opinion No. 072/09 and CAAE 00780051000-09. Results: It was demonstrated that the activities of health education targeted at school, with an emphasis on leprosy, are of fundamental importance, because it denotes the appropriation of disease-related knowledge. Conclusion: The metalling about leprosy can contribute to the dissemination of such knowledge, since the school may feel encouraged to disclose information to others, such as family

Prejudice, Vulnerability, Adhesion Process, Religiousness Regarding the Life Routine with AIDS: Life Stories

Objective: To communicate life stories of people who suffer from acquired immunodeficiency-syndrome with a higher vulnerability registered at the Municipal Secretary of Social Assistance and the diagnostic’s influence on their daily routine. Method: Descriptive and exploratory study based on oral life history. Thirteen people with AIDs took part in the study via a semi-structured interview. The narratives were analyzed using Bardin’s thematic content analysis. Results: Three thematic axes emerged from Bardin’s content analysis: prejudice and discrimination regarding the life routine with aids; Reaction when facing the diagnostic and the adhesion process for the antiretroviral treatment; Confrontation of religion and religiousness on people with aids. Conclusion: The people living with aids, a chronic and stigmatizing disease, need the support of multidisciplinary teams and an improvement in relation to the access, the coverage and the meaning assigned to the disease, besides a better quality of life and social assistance. We conclude that religion did not contribute to facing these people’s conditions. It brought blame, incorrect information that may impair the treatment and their follow-up. One infers that health education regarding HIV/AIDS needs to be remodeled on all of society’s segments

Subjective Aspects of People with Chronic Ulcers: a Qualitative Study in Brazil and Portugal

Introduction: The experience built in the process of living with chronic ulcer is marked by changes such as the inability to work, to relate socially and causes the need to adapt to a routine care. Understanding this network of meanings is important to develop techniques of individual or collective care. Objective: To understand impregnated subjectivities in the everyday experiences of Brazilian and Portuguese patients with chronic ulcers, in the light of the Oral History of life. Method: Comparative study with a qualitative approach, using Oral History as method and technique. The network of collaborators, formed by males and females, aged 39-82 years, was structured into two groups, one consisting of 06 people in Natal/RN, Brazil and another composed of 10 people in Évora/Portugal. In both groups, the narratives were collected through open questions, which were recorded, transcribed and analyzed by the technique of thematic content analysis. Results: Through the analysis, three themes were revealed: Social repercussion in Brazil and in Portugal; Trajectory of theinjured person; and Coping mechanisms. Conclusion: Changes were observed in social life, leading contributors to isolation, in addition to confronting the stigma experienced. There were also identified points as the reinterpretation of chronic wound carrier about their disease and coping strategies of their chroniccondition

Access to health services for the control of cancer of the uterine cervix in promary care

Objective: To analyze the control of cancer of the cervix from the focus of access to health services. Method: A crosssectional study using consultation documentary and household survey with analysis of calculation of frequencies of selected variables. Results: The results of the last cytological examination showed higher frequency of squamous metaplasia immature; intraepithelial lesion of low grade (LSIL); Intraepithelial Lesion high grade (HSIL) and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), predominantly in women In the age group 25 to 64, brown, married/marital harmony and housewives, with clinical complaints of vaginal discharge, bleeding and the occurrence of stds (including HPV). Conclusion: There is no longitudinal follow-up of women in the geographical area of enrollment 47 of USF Nova Natal II from the collection of cytological examination until the discharge by cure

THE NURSE AND THE CONTEXT IN TRANSFUSION REACTIONS

Objetivo: O presente estudo procura, a partir da observação em procedimentos hemoterápicos, dar condições ao profissional de saúde, o enfermeiro, para que possa intervir em alterações que possam decorrer durante o processo hemoterápico, com foco nas reações transfusionais. Métodos: Com abordagem qualitativa, procurou-se descrever, através de pesquisa por meio de revisão da literatura que tem em Hinds, Chaves e Cypress, a inserção contextual como forma metodológica para analisar a atuação do enfermeiro nos casos dessas reações. Resultados: contextualização da atuação dos enfermeiros nas práticas de hemoterapia. Conclusão: Ao refletir sobre a posição dos contextos do enfermeiro nas práticas de hemoterapia, reorganizam-se posturas e cuidados nas formas de lidar com o usuário do sangue. Descritores: Enfermagem, Hemoterapia, Segurança transfusional

THE NURSE AND THE CONTEXT IN TRANSFUSION REACTIONS

Objetivo: O presente estudo procura, a partir da observação em procedimentos hemoterápicos, dar condições ao profissional de saúde, o enfermeiro, para que possa intervir em alterações que possam decorrer durante o processo hemoterápico, com foco nas reações transfusionais. Métodos: Com abordagem qualitativa, procurou-se descrever, através de pesquisa por meio de revisão da literatura que tem em Hinds, Chaves e Cypress, a inserção contextual como forma metodológica para analisar a atuação do enfermeiro nos casos dessas reações. Resultados: contextualização da atuação dos enfermeiros nas práticas de hemoterapia. Conclusão: Ao refletir sobre a posição dos contextos do enfermeiro nas práticas de hemoterapia, reorganizam-se posturas e cuidados nas formas de lidar com o usuário do sangue. Descritores: Enfermagem, Hemoterapia, Segurança transfusional

Manifestations of Stigma and Prejudice Informed by Treated Lepers

Introduction: The segregation of people affected by leprosy in lepercolonies as well as presenting itself ineffective, caused irreversible and irreparable consequences in the lives of individuals who came to carry the marks of stigma and prejudice surrounding the disease. Objective: To identify traits related to the stigma and prejudice in the content of lepers' 12 speeches, separated compulsorily in Saint Francis of Assisi Colony in the city of Natal, located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Method: Descriptive study focusing on the oral history of life. The narratives were collected in April 2010 through a recorded interview and analyzed by means of the technique of Thematic Content Analyses. Results: The stigma and the prejudice crystallized in our culture had caused and still cause huge suffering and pain in the participants, who grew up and several aged in biological terms, living with a stigmatizing disease and its complications, sometimes disabling ones. In social and psychological terms, they were discriminated, rejected and even expelled from the familiar conviviality and the original social nucleus. Conclusion: In this manner, one notices the need of these people recover their attachments, values and self-esteem, share feelings and build relationships so as to be integrated in the real world

Reforma psiquiátrica em Natal-RN: evolução histórica e os desafios da assistência de enfermagem

Este estudio tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre la evolución de las prácticas asistenciales al portador de trastornos psiquiátricos en la ciudad de Natal (RN), por medio de una revisión integradora en que encontramos seis investigaciones sobre la temática. Creemos que las reflexiones propuestas contribuyen a los cambios asistenciales de la enfermería en la salud mental. De entre las conclusiones percibimos que la necesidad de mayor capacitación de los enfermeros en salud mental se basa en la exigencia de ese profesional en favorecer la integración de acciones que promuevan la efectividad de las transformaciones prácticas, saberes y valores culturales, impregnados en el cuidado cotidiano a los enfermos y a sus familiares.Este estudo objetivou discorrer sobre a evolução das práticas assistenciais ao portador de transtornos psiquiátricos na cidade de Natal (RN), por meio de uma revisão integrativa em que encontramos seis pesquisas sobre a temática. Acreditamos que as reflexões propostas subsidiam mudanças assistenciais à enfermagem em saúde mental. Dentre as conclusões percebemos que a necessidade de maior capacitação dos enfermeiros em saúde mental alicerça-se na exigência desse profissional em favorecer a integração de ações que promovam a efetivação das transformações práticas, saberes e valores culturais, impregnados no cuidado cotidiano aos clientes e seus familiares.The purpose of this study is to discuss the evolution of care practices of patients with psychiatric disorders in the city of Natal (RN), through an integrative review in which we found six studies on the subject. We believe that the ideas proposed promote changes in mental health nursing care. Among the conclusions we realized the need for better training of mental health nurses, requiring these professionals to support integration of care in order to promote the transformation of practices, knowledge and cultural values, impregnated in the routine care of clients and their families